基于服務水平的快速公交與常規(guī)公交協(xié)調調度優(yōu)化研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-11 19:07
【摘要】：隨著城市規(guī)模的不斷擴大,交通壓力的不斷增大,公共交通方式不斷增多,越來越多的出行者將不可避免通過不同交通方式之間的換乘完成一次出行,因此有效的協(xié)調是提高公交運行效率和乘客出行效率的關鍵�？焖俟缓统Ｒ�(guī)公交作為城市公共交通中最主要的兩種形式,對其進行協(xié)調調度優(yōu)化研究是非常必要和有意義的。本文是在既有公交線網(wǎng)的基礎上,通過調整不同公交線路的發(fā)車間隔使得常規(guī)公交能夠配合快速公交的運行,提高兩種交通方式之間的換乘效率和公交系統(tǒng)的服務水平,促進公交系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。首先,對國內外的研究現(xiàn)狀進行了概述,根據(jù)國內外研究的不足,得出對快速公交和常規(guī)公交進行協(xié)調調度優(yōu)化研究的必要性和重要性。其次,分析了行駛在快速公交專用道和混合公交專用道上的快速公交與常規(guī)公交協(xié)調運行的內涵和原理以及服務水平對公交運行和乘客出行的影響。對公交服務水平的指標進行詳細分析,選取若干具有代表性的指標作為本文的服務水平評價指標,并對評價指標進行建模處理。再次,根據(jù)快速公交與常規(guī)公交協(xié)調運營調度的內涵、原理以及隨機機會約束規(guī)劃的思想,在考慮服務水平、發(fā)車時間限制等約束條件的情況下,以快速公交的發(fā)車間隔為決策變量,建立以快速公交系統(tǒng)總成本最優(yōu)為目標函數(shù)的快速公交調度優(yōu)化模型。在此基礎上,考慮兩種交通方式之間的換乘關系,以常規(guī)公交各線路的發(fā)車間隔為決策變量建立了以公交系統(tǒng)總成本和乘客出行成本最優(yōu)為目標函數(shù)的協(xié)調調度優(yōu)化模型。通過優(yōu)化快速公交和常規(guī)公交各線路的發(fā)車間隔來實現(xiàn)快速公交和常規(guī)公交與的協(xié)調調度。然后,根據(jù)建立模型的特點提出了用粒子群算法與隨機模擬相結合的混合智能算法進行求解,針對兩個模型分別給出了具體的算法實現(xiàn)步驟,并以matlab為平臺編寫程序,實現(xiàn)對兩個模型的求解。最后,選取蘭州市安寧區(qū)以快速公交線路和與其有銜接的15路、72路、118路等組成的公交線網(wǎng)作為分析對象。利用混合智能算法對快速公交單線調度模型及與常規(guī)公交協(xié)調調度模型進行求解,通過對比分析優(yōu)化前后的公交系統(tǒng)總成本和服務水平等級等相關指標,驗證快速公交與常規(guī)公交協(xié)調調度模型的可行性及求解算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of the scale of the city, the increasing traffic pressure and the increasing mode of public transport, more and more travelers will inevitably complete a trip through the transfer between different modes of transportation. Therefore, effective coordination is the key to improve the efficiency of bus operation and passenger travel. Bus rapid transit (BRT) and conventional public transport (BRT) are the two most important forms of urban public transport. It is very necessary and meaningful to study the coordination and scheduling optimization of BRT and BRT. On the basis of the existing bus network, this paper adjusts the departure interval of different bus lines so that the conventional public transport can cooperate with the operation of bus rapid transit, and improve the transfer efficiency between the two modes of transportation and the service level of the public transport system. To promote the sustainable development of public transport system. Firstly, the research status at home and abroad is summarized. According to the deficiency of domestic and foreign research, the necessity and importance of coordinated scheduling optimization research on bus rapid transit (BRT) and conventional public transit (BRT) are obtained. Secondly, the connotation and principle of coordinated operation of bus rapid transit and conventional bus on bus rapid transit lane and mixed bus lane are analyzed, and the influence of service level on bus operation and passenger travel is analyzed. The index of public transportation service level is analyzed in detail, and some representative indexes are selected as the evaluation index of service level in this paper, and the evaluation index is modeled and processed. Thirdly, according to the connotation and principle of coordinated operation and scheduling between bus rapid transit and conventional public transport, and the idea of stochastic opportunity constrained programming, considering the constraint conditions such as service level, departure time limit, and so on, Taking the departure interval of bus rapid transit as the decision variable, a bus rapid transit scheduling optimization model with the optimal total cost of the bus rapid transit system as the objective function is established. On this basis, considering the transfer relationship between the two modes of transportation, a coordinated scheduling optimization model with the optimal total cost of the bus system and the optimal passenger travel cost as the objective function is established by taking the departure interval of the conventional public transport lines as the decision variable. The coordinated scheduling of bus rapid transit and conventional bus is realized by optimizing the departure interval between bus rapid transit (BRT) and conventional public transport (BRT). Then, according to the characteristics of the model, a hybrid intelligent algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (Particle Swarm Optimization) and stochastic simulation is proposed to solve the problem. The specific algorithm implementation steps are given for the two models, and the program is written on the platform of matlab. The solution of the two models is realized. Finally, the bus rapid transit line and the bus network composed of 15 routes, 72 roads and 118 roads in Anning District of Lanzhou City are selected as the analysis object. The hybrid intelligent algorithm is used to solve the single line scheduling model of bus rapid transit and the coordinated scheduling model with the conventional public transport. The total cost and service level of the bus system before and after optimization are compared and analyzed. The feasibility of the coordinated scheduling model between bus rapid transit (BRT) and conventional public transport (BRT) is verified and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491.17
本文編號：2474772
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of the scale of the city, the increasing traffic pressure and the increasing mode of public transport, more and more travelers will inevitably complete a trip through the transfer between different modes of transportation. Therefore, effective coordination is the key to improve the efficiency of bus operation and passenger travel. Bus rapid transit (BRT) and conventional public transport (BRT) are the two most important forms of urban public transport. It is very necessary and meaningful to study the coordination and scheduling optimization of BRT and BRT. On the basis of the existing bus network, this paper adjusts the departure interval of different bus lines so that the conventional public transport can cooperate with the operation of bus rapid transit, and improve the transfer efficiency between the two modes of transportation and the service level of the public transport system. To promote the sustainable development of public transport system. Firstly, the research status at home and abroad is summarized. According to the deficiency of domestic and foreign research, the necessity and importance of coordinated scheduling optimization research on bus rapid transit (BRT) and conventional public transit (BRT) are obtained. Secondly, the connotation and principle of coordinated operation of bus rapid transit and conventional bus on bus rapid transit lane and mixed bus lane are analyzed, and the influence of service level on bus operation and passenger travel is analyzed. The index of public transportation service level is analyzed in detail, and some representative indexes are selected as the evaluation index of service level in this paper, and the evaluation index is modeled and processed. Thirdly, according to the connotation and principle of coordinated operation and scheduling between bus rapid transit and conventional public transport, and the idea of stochastic opportunity constrained programming, considering the constraint conditions such as service level, departure time limit, and so on, Taking the departure interval of bus rapid transit as the decision variable, a bus rapid transit scheduling optimization model with the optimal total cost of the bus rapid transit system as the objective function is established. On this basis, considering the transfer relationship between the two modes of transportation, a coordinated scheduling optimization model with the optimal total cost of the bus system and the optimal passenger travel cost as the objective function is established by taking the departure interval of the conventional public transport lines as the decision variable. The coordinated scheduling of bus rapid transit and conventional bus is realized by optimizing the departure interval between bus rapid transit (BRT) and conventional public transport (BRT). Then, according to the characteristics of the model, a hybrid intelligent algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (Particle Swarm Optimization) and stochastic simulation is proposed to solve the problem. The specific algorithm implementation steps are given for the two models, and the program is written on the platform of matlab. The solution of the two models is realized. Finally, the bus rapid transit line and the bus network composed of 15 routes, 72 roads and 118 roads in Anning District of Lanzhou City are selected as the analysis object. The hybrid intelligent algorithm is used to solve the single line scheduling model of bus rapid transit and the coordinated scheduling model with the conventional public transport. The total cost and service level of the bus system before and after optimization are compared and analyzed. The feasibility of the coordinated scheduling model between bus rapid transit (BRT) and conventional public transport (BRT) is verified and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491.17
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