【摘要】：為揭示山區(qū)峽谷風(fēng)場(chǎng)的空間分布特性以及峽谷地形對(duì)谷內(nèi)風(fēng)場(chǎng)特性分布的影響,根據(jù)山區(qū)峽谷的地形特點(diǎn),在AutoCAD中將峽谷的幾何模型離散為高程點(diǎn)云,利用逆向工程軟件Imageware將高程點(diǎn)云擬合成峽谷地形曲面,并導(dǎo)入Gambit中生成滿足要求的計(jì)算模型;應(yīng)用FLUENT軟件選取適合山區(qū)風(fēng)場(chǎng)的Realizable模型,采用穩(wěn)定性好的SIMPLE算法對(duì)峽谷風(fēng)場(chǎng)特性進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬;最后根據(jù)峽谷地形特點(diǎn)和其影響參數(shù),提出峽谷風(fēng)速放大系數(shù)計(jì)算公式,并采用多個(gè)算例驗(yàn)證其正確性。研究結(jié)果表明:山區(qū)峽谷風(fēng)剖面的輪廓線可以分成3段,不能套用平原地區(qū)常用的冪函數(shù)模型,并且峽谷風(fēng)剖面的輪廓線具有明顯拐點(diǎn),風(fēng)速增大段的風(fēng)剖面輪廓線應(yīng)采用線性函數(shù)與冪函數(shù)共同模擬;峽谷內(nèi)中間位置風(fēng)剖面最大風(fēng)速大于兩側(cè)風(fēng)剖面最大風(fēng)速,其相應(yīng)的風(fēng)速拐點(diǎn)高度也較大;峽谷內(nèi)同一高度觀測(cè)點(diǎn)的風(fēng)速在峽谷橫斷面上成拋物線變化,距離兩側(cè)山體約60m處風(fēng)速達(dá)到最大值;峽谷越窄,兩側(cè)山峰越高,峽谷內(nèi)風(fēng)場(chǎng)的"峽谷效應(yīng)"越明顯;風(fēng)剖面風(fēng)速拐點(diǎn)高度與峽谷高寬比成反比,峽谷高寬比越大,風(fēng)剖面風(fēng)速拐點(diǎn)高度就越小;該公式可推算山區(qū)峽谷內(nèi)任意高度的風(fēng)速,可為跨越山區(qū)峽谷的橋梁抗風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)風(fēng)速的計(jì)算提供簡(jiǎn)便方法。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of the mountain canyon wind field and the influence of the valley topography on the intra-valley wind field distribution, according to the terrain characteristics of the mountain canyon, the geometric model of the canyon is discretized into the elevation point cloud in AutoCAD. Using the reverse engineering software Imageware, the elevation point cloud is simulated to synthesize the terrain surface of the canyon and then imported into the Gambit to generate the calculation model which meets the requirements. The FLUENT software is used to select the Realizable model suitable for mountain wind field, and the SIMPLE algorithm with good stability is used to simulate the wind field characteristics of the canyon. Finally, according to the terrain characteristics of the canyon and its influence parameters, a formula for calculating the wind speed magnification factor of the canyon is proposed, and a number of examples are used to verify its correctness. The results show that the wind profile of the mountain canyon can be divided into 3 sections, and the power function model commonly used in plain area can not be applied, and the profile of the canyon wind profile has obvious inflection points, and the wind profile of the canyon can be divided into three sections. Linear function and power function should be used to simulate the profile of wind profile in the increase of wind speed. The maximum wind velocity in the middle position of the canyon is greater than that in the two sides, and the height of the corresponding wind velocity inflection point is also larger. The wind speed at the same height observation point in the canyon changes parabola on the cross section of the canyon and reaches the maximum at about 60 m from both sides of the mountain body, and the narrower the canyon, the higher the peak on both sides of the canyon, the more obvious the "canyon effect" of the wind field in the canyon is. The height of wind velocity inflection point of wind section is inversely proportional to the ratio of height to width of canyon. The higher the ratio of height to width of canyon, the smaller the height of wind velocity inflection point of wind section. The formula can be used to calculate the wind speed at any height in mountain canyons and provide a simple method for calculating the reference wind velocity of bridges crossing mountain canyons.
【作者單位】： 中南大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51078356)
【分類號(hào)】：U442.59

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