【摘要】：隨著全球地震災(zāi)害的不斷頻發(fā),橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)減隔震愈來受到人們重視。目前橋梁抗震中使用最廣泛的一種方法為"減隔震支座",在結(jié)構(gòu)上部與橋墩之間設(shè)置支座,以此來延長結(jié)構(gòu)周期、消耗地震能量,從而減小橋梁的地震響應(yīng)。本文針對中小型跨徑簡支T梁橋,設(shè)計(jì)一種構(gòu)造簡單、隔震性能顯著、造價(jià)低廉、更換方便的新型橡膠支座——BZ系列減隔震橡膠支座。BZ支座主要是在普通板式橡膠支座的基礎(chǔ)上,通過改變支座內(nèi)鋼板層厚度、上鋼板與下鋼板厚度、橡膠層厚度等,優(yōu)化支座的受力性能,以此來提高支座的抗震性能,最后采用反應(yīng)譜分析法對結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行抗震計(jì)算,得出將BZ支座應(yīng)用在中小跨徑簡支梁橋中的隔震效果。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)借鑒國內(nèi)外已有研究成果,綜述橋梁抗隔震思想的由來以及各種隔震支座的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、隔震原理以及疊層橡膠支座的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀。在普通板式橡膠支座的基礎(chǔ)上,通過改變相關(guān)參數(shù),得到一種新型支座——BZ系列減隔震橡膠支座,對該支座的設(shè)計(jì)原則、工作原理、各力學(xué)參數(shù)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹,最后在疊層橡膠支座理論公式的基礎(chǔ)上研究分析該支座的主要力學(xué)性能。(2)以某普通板式橡膠支座試驗(yàn)為例,對該支座進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬分析,對比分析試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,得出數(shù)值模擬方法的正確性�；贏NSYS 10.0有限元分析軟件,分別建立BZ支座實(shí)體模型與板式橡膠支座實(shí)體模型,研究兩種支座在純軸壓和壓剪狀態(tài)下荷載——位移關(guān)系曲線。對兩者結(jié)果對比分析得到,通過改變支座內(nèi)鋼板層與橡膠層厚度,BZ支座具有較大的豎向剛度及較小的水平剛度。(3)研究疊層橡膠支座參數(shù)的變化對其受力性能的影響。建立不同鋼板層厚度、橡膠層厚度、截面尺寸共3組12個(gè)支座模型,通過數(shù)值模擬,對其進(jìn)行極限剪切變形分析與豎向壓應(yīng)力分析,總結(jié)支座的水平剛度與豎向剛度變化規(guī)律,并對各結(jié)果數(shù)值進(jìn)行定量分析,為疊層橡膠支座的合理設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。(4)基于國內(nèi)外抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范,對某2×30m裝配式簡支T梁橋進(jìn)行抗震計(jì)算。研究分析橋梁在使用BZ減隔震橡膠支座和普通支座情況下結(jié)構(gòu)的振型與周期、剪力、軸力、彎矩、位移等變化規(guī)律,得出BZ系列減隔震橡膠支座可有效延長結(jié)構(gòu)的自振周期、減小墩支底彎矩值,并增大結(jié)構(gòu)上部位移,結(jié)構(gòu)的安全系數(shù)相比非隔震體系有了較大的提高,在中小跨徑簡支梁橋中具有顯著的隔震性能,為實(shí)際工程的應(yīng)用提供有力指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the frequent occurrence of global earthquake disasters, more and more attention has been paid to the isolation of bridge structures. At present, one of the most widely used methods in the earthquake resistance of bridges is "isolation support", which is arranged between the upper part of the structure and the pier to prolong the period of the structure, consume earthquake energy and reduce the seismic response of the bridge. In this paper, a small and medium span simply supported T-beam bridge is designed, which has the advantages of simple structure, remarkable isolation performance and low cost. A new type of rubber bearing with convenient replacement, BZ series shock isolation rubber bearing. The BZ support is mainly based on the ordinary plate rubber bearing, by changing the thickness of the inner steel plate layer, the upper and lower steel plate thickness, the rubber layer thickness, etc. In order to improve the seismic performance of the bearing, the seismic performance of the bearing is optimized. Finally, the seismic calculation of the structure is carried out by using the response spectrum analysis method, and the isolation effect of the BZ bearing applied in the small and medium-sized span simple supported beam bridge is obtained. The main research contents are as follows: (1) draw lessons from the existing research results at home and abroad, summarize the origin of the bridge anti-isolation idea, the development of various isolation bearings, the isolation principle and the domestic and foreign research status of laminated rubber bearings. On the basis of ordinary plate rubber bearing, a new type of bearing, BZ series shock isolation rubber bearing, is obtained by changing the relevant parameters. The design principle, working principle and mechanical parameters of the bearing are introduced in detail. Finally, on the basis of the theoretical formula of laminated rubber bearing, the main mechanical properties of the bearing are studied and analyzed. (2) taking the test of a common plate rubber bearing as an example, the numerical simulation analysis of the bearing is carried out. The correctness of the numerical simulation method is obtained by comparing the experimental results with the numerical simulation results. Based on ANSYS 10.0 finite element analysis software, the solid model of BZ bearing and the solid model of plate rubber bearing are established, and the load-displacement relationship curves of the two kinds of bearings under pure axial compression and compression shear are studied. By comparing and analyzing the results, it is found that the BZ bearing has a large vertical stiffness and a small horizontal stiffness by changing the thickness of the steel plate and rubber layer inside the bearing. (3) the influence of the parameters of the laminated rubber bearing on its mechanical properties is studied. Three groups of 12 support models with different thickness of steel plate layer, thickness of rubber layer and section size were established. Through numerical simulation, the ultimate shear deformation analysis and vertical compression stress analysis were carried out, and the variation law of horizontal stiffness and vertical stiffness of support was summarized. The quantitative analysis of the results provides a reference for the rational design of the laminated rubber bearings. (4) based on the domestic and foreign seismic design code, the seismic calculation of a 2 脳 30m prefabricated T-beam bridge is carried out. This paper studies and analyzes the variation law of vibration type and period, shear force, axial force, bending moment and displacement of bridge structure under the condition of using BZ isolation rubber bearing and ordinary bearing. It is concluded that BZ series damping rubber bearing can effectively prolong the natural vibration period of the structure. By reducing the bending moment and increasing the displacement of the upper part of the structure, the safety factor of the structure has been greatly improved compared with the non-isolated system, and it has remarkable isolation performance in the small and medium-sized span simply supported beam bridge, which provides a powerful guidance for the practical engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U442.55;U443.361

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