低壓船舶岸電電源控制策略的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-14 08:30
【摘要】：對于港口城市而言,船舶的燃油輔助發(fā)電機是其主要的大氣污染源。隨著空氣污染防治研究的不斷深入,采用岸上電能替代靠港船舶輔機發(fā)電逐漸成為一個新的研究熱點。船舶岸電電源技術(shù)以其在電能替代方面的獨特優(yōu)勢而獲得廣泛關(guān)注。低壓船舶岸電電源將岸上電網(wǎng)380V/50Hz的電能變壓變頻至440V/60Hz,以適應(yīng)船舶電網(wǎng)的供電電制。本文以岸電變流器為控制對象,從船舶負載特性下的改進雙環(huán)控制、改進功率前饋控制以及岸電的改進下垂控制等幾方面進行了深入研究。首先,針對船舶負載的三相不平衡和非線性諧波情況下,低壓岸電的傳統(tǒng)比例-積分控制負載動態(tài)適應(yīng)性能差的問題,提出了將諧振控制與預(yù)測控制相結(jié)合的改進雙環(huán)控制策略。其中外環(huán)在原有比例-積分控制器的基礎(chǔ)上加入2倍頻和6倍頻的諧振控制器,用于提高諧振頻率處的增益,消除輸出電壓相應(yīng)的負序和諧波分量;內(nèi)環(huán)采用預(yù)測電流控制,增大了控制的帶寬,實現(xiàn)岸電輸出電流快速和準確跟蹤外環(huán)給定電流。通過仿真驗證了所提改進雙環(huán)控制策略可以提高岸電電源在船舶負載特性下的輸出電能質(zhì)量。其次,針對功率前饋控制的傳統(tǒng)功率計算方法存在的問題,即無法反映船舶不平衡負載所帶來的負序分量對功率的影響,提出了改進的功率前饋控制策略。將不平衡負載情況下的輸出電壓和電流進行相序分解和坐標變換后再進行瞬時功率的計算,計算結(jié)果表明在輸出電壓和電流存在基波負序分量的情況下,輸出功率相比平衡負載情況下增加了波動項。因此改進的功率前饋計算方法相比傳統(tǒng)方法可實現(xiàn)更加準確的功率計算和前饋,將逆變側(cè)船舶不平衡負載下的功率變化更加準確地前饋給整流側(cè),改善了岸電電源的動態(tài)特性,有效減小了中間直流環(huán)節(jié)電壓的波動。最后,本文針對傳統(tǒng)岸電電源不能接受船舶能量管理系統(tǒng)調(diào)度的問題,提出了改進的下垂控制策略。在傳統(tǒng)下垂控制器中添加預(yù)同步控制單元,實現(xiàn)岸電同步并車;在下垂控制器中引入發(fā)電機慣性環(huán)節(jié),使岸電電源具有類似發(fā)電機的輸出特性,以便接受船舶能量管理系統(tǒng)的調(diào)度,且并車后順利實現(xiàn)負載轉(zhuǎn)移,以完成岸電電源的電能替代。通過仿真驗證了所提控制策略的可行性。
[Abstract]:For the port city, the ship's fuel-assisted generator is the main air pollution source. With the development of air pollution prevention and control research, it has become a new research hotspot to replace the auxiliary power generation by shore electric energy. Ship-shore power supply technology has received wide attention due to its unique advantages in power substitution. In order to adapt to the power supply system of ship power grid, the low-voltage ship-shore power supply converts the power supply of 380V/50Hz onshore power grid to 440 V / 60 Hz. In this paper, the improved double loop control, the improved power feedforward control and the improved droop control of the shore power converter under the load characteristics of the ship are studied in detail. First of all, in the case of three-phase unbalance and nonlinear harmonics of ship load, the traditional proportional and integral control load of low-voltage shore electricity has poor dynamic adaptability. An improved double loop control strategy combining resonant control and predictive control is proposed. The outer loop is used to increase the gain of the resonant frequency and eliminate the negative sequence and harmonic components of the output voltage by adding 2 times frequency and 6 times frequency resonant controller on the basis of the original proportional integral controller. The predictive current control is used in the inner loop, which increases the bandwidth of the control and realizes the fast and accurate tracking of the given current in the outer loop. The simulation results show that the improved dual-loop control strategy can improve the output power quality of onshore power supply under ship load characteristics. Secondly, an improved power feedforward control strategy is proposed to solve the problem of traditional power calculation method in power feedforward control, which can not reflect the influence of the negative sequence components brought by the unbalanced load on the power. The output voltage and current under unbalanced load are analyzed by phase sequence decomposition and coordinate transformation. The calculation results show that the output voltage and current have negative sequence components of fundamental wave. The output power increases the fluctuation term compared with the load balancing condition. Therefore, the improved power feedforward calculation method can realize more accurate power calculation and feedforward than the traditional method, and feed the power change of the ship under the unbalanced load on the inverter side more accurately to the rectifier side, thus improving the dynamic characteristics of the onshore power supply. The voltage fluctuation of the intermediate DC link is reduced effectively. Finally, an improved droop control strategy is proposed to solve the problem that the traditional shore power supply can not accept the dispatch of ship energy management system. A presynchronous control unit is added to the traditional droop controller to realize the synchronization and parallel operation of the shore electricity. The inertial link of generator is introduced into the droop controller, which makes the onshore power supply have the output characteristic similar to the generator, so as to accept the dispatch of the ship energy management system, and realize the load transfer smoothly after the parallel operation, so as to replace the electric energy of the shore power supply. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U653.95
本文編號：2422030
[Abstract]:For the port city, the ship's fuel-assisted generator is the main air pollution source. With the development of air pollution prevention and control research, it has become a new research hotspot to replace the auxiliary power generation by shore electric energy. Ship-shore power supply technology has received wide attention due to its unique advantages in power substitution. In order to adapt to the power supply system of ship power grid, the low-voltage ship-shore power supply converts the power supply of 380V/50Hz onshore power grid to 440 V / 60 Hz. In this paper, the improved double loop control, the improved power feedforward control and the improved droop control of the shore power converter under the load characteristics of the ship are studied in detail. First of all, in the case of three-phase unbalance and nonlinear harmonics of ship load, the traditional proportional and integral control load of low-voltage shore electricity has poor dynamic adaptability. An improved double loop control strategy combining resonant control and predictive control is proposed. The outer loop is used to increase the gain of the resonant frequency and eliminate the negative sequence and harmonic components of the output voltage by adding 2 times frequency and 6 times frequency resonant controller on the basis of the original proportional integral controller. The predictive current control is used in the inner loop, which increases the bandwidth of the control and realizes the fast and accurate tracking of the given current in the outer loop. The simulation results show that the improved dual-loop control strategy can improve the output power quality of onshore power supply under ship load characteristics. Secondly, an improved power feedforward control strategy is proposed to solve the problem of traditional power calculation method in power feedforward control, which can not reflect the influence of the negative sequence components brought by the unbalanced load on the power. The output voltage and current under unbalanced load are analyzed by phase sequence decomposition and coordinate transformation. The calculation results show that the output voltage and current have negative sequence components of fundamental wave. The output power increases the fluctuation term compared with the load balancing condition. Therefore, the improved power feedforward calculation method can realize more accurate power calculation and feedforward than the traditional method, and feed the power change of the ship under the unbalanced load on the inverter side more accurately to the rectifier side, thus improving the dynamic characteristics of the onshore power supply. The voltage fluctuation of the intermediate DC link is reduced effectively. Finally, an improved droop control strategy is proposed to solve the problem that the traditional shore power supply can not accept the dispatch of ship energy management system. A presynchronous control unit is added to the traditional droop controller to realize the synchronization and parallel operation of the shore electricity. The inertial link of generator is introduced into the droop controller, which makes the onshore power supply have the output characteristic similar to the generator, so as to accept the dispatch of the ship energy management system, and realize the load transfer smoothly after the parallel operation, so as to replace the electric energy of the shore power supply. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U653.95
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