【摘要】：隨著城市交通擁堵的加劇,“公交優(yōu)先”已成為多數(shù)城市解決交通問題的首要選擇。從“公交優(yōu)先”的內(nèi)涵來(lái)看,“路權(quán)優(yōu)先”則是“公交優(yōu)先”政策實(shí)施的具體表現(xiàn),而公交車在不同路權(quán)下的行駛特點(diǎn)也不盡相同,已不再適用傳統(tǒng)的路阻函數(shù)來(lái)表示公交車的行駛特點(diǎn)。同時(shí),“公交優(yōu)先”的理念,也需要針對(duì)公交車的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn),分析公交車在路段上行駛的運(yùn)行規(guī)律,構(gòu)建出適合公交車的路阻函數(shù)。而傳統(tǒng)路阻函數(shù)忽略了公交車與其他車輛運(yùn)行特征的不同,不能反映出車輛之間因差異存在而產(chǎn)生的干擾現(xiàn)象,已不再適用。因此,需要對(duì)公交優(yōu)先規(guī)則下公交車和其他車輛的路阻函數(shù)進(jìn)行新的研究。本文從公交車輛的運(yùn)行特征著手,從公交線路條數(shù)、站點(diǎn)�？窟^程、客流量等方面對(duì)公交車輛之間的相互影響過程進(jìn)行了分析;從公交站點(diǎn)類型、公交專用道設(shè)置等方面分析了公交車對(duì)其他車輛的影響。針對(duì)封閉式獨(dú)立路權(quán)下的公交車輛,從公交線路的運(yùn)行規(guī)律入手,認(rèn)為封閉式獨(dú)立路權(quán)下公交車的延誤分為站點(diǎn)�？垦诱`、出站匯入車流延誤和交叉口信號(hào)控制延誤等三個(gè)方面;分別利用排隊(duì)論、間隙理論、信號(hào)控制理論等理論為基礎(chǔ),建立了三方面的延誤模型,并最終得到了公交車的路阻函數(shù)模型;最后通過具體算例對(duì)公交車路阻函數(shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算,并通過與BPR函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,證明了文章提出的公交車路阻函數(shù)的合理性。針對(duì)非封閉式獨(dú)立路權(quán)下的車輛,公交車輛與其他車輛處于混行狀態(tài),分析了混行狀態(tài)下公交車在運(yùn)行過程中在基本路段和公交站點(diǎn)處對(duì)其他車輛產(chǎn)生的影響;此時(shí)的公交車可認(rèn)為是路段上行駛的“移動(dòng)瓶頸”,根據(jù)移動(dòng)瓶頸的相關(guān)理論,建立了其他車輛受公交車干擾的延誤模型,并得到了其他車輛的路阻函數(shù)模型;最后,通過具體實(shí)例對(duì)文章提出的其他車輛的路阻函數(shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算,并通過與BPR函數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果的比較,證明了文章提出的模型更能反映實(shí)際,更科學(xué)合理。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of urban traffic congestion, bus priority has become the first choice to solve traffic problems in most cities. From the connotation of "bus priority", "right of way priority" is the concrete manifestation of the implementation of "bus priority" policy, and the driving characteristics of buses under different road rights are also different. It is no longer suitable for the traditional road resistance function to represent the driving characteristics of the bus. At the same time, the concept of "bus priority" also needs to analyze the running rules of the bus on the road, and to construct the road resistance function suitable for the bus according to the operation characteristics of the bus. But the traditional road resistance function neglects the difference between the bus and other vehicles, and can not reflect the interference between the vehicles because of the difference, so it is no longer applicable. Therefore, it is necessary to study the road resistance function of buses and other vehicles under bus priority rules. In this paper, the operation characteristics of public transport vehicles, from the bus line number, stop process, passenger flow and other aspects of the public transport vehicle interaction process is analyzed. The influence of bus on other vehicles is analyzed from the aspects of bus station type, bus lane setting and so on. In view of the public transport vehicle under the closed independent road right, starting with the running rule of the public transport line, it is considered that the delay of the bus under the closed independent road right can be divided into stop delay and stop delay. There are three aspects: the traffic flow delay and the signal control delay at the intersection. On the basis of queuing theory, gap theory and signal control theory, three delay models are established, and finally the road resistance function model of bus is obtained. Finally, the bus road resistance function is calculated by a concrete example, and compared with the result of BPR function, which proves the rationality of the bus road resistance function proposed in this paper. In view of the vehicle under the non-closed independent road right, the public transport vehicle is in the mixed state with other vehicles, and the influence of the bus in the basic section and the bus station on other vehicles in the mixed state is analyzed. At this time, the bus can be considered as the "moving bottleneck" on the road. According to the theory of the moving bottleneck, the delay model of other vehicles is established, and the road resistance function model of other vehicles is obtained. Finally, the road resistance function of other vehicles proposed in this paper is calculated by concrete examples, and compared with the result of BPR function, it is proved that the model presented in this paper can reflect the reality more scientifically and reasonably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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本文編號(hào)：2420343