【摘要】：隧道工程建設(shè)中,關(guān)鍵問題之一就是如何評價和保證隧道的穩(wěn)定性。本文以撫松隧道工程為背景,采用數(shù)值模擬法、強度折減法、正交試驗設(shè)計法、極差分析法研究復(fù)雜條件下隧道穩(wěn)定性評價方法,以此來完善隧道穩(wěn)定性評價的理論方法體系,這對隧道的合理設(shè)計、安全施工、支護方案調(diào)整具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義。具體研究內(nèi)容如下：(1)對撫松隧道左洞ZK275+203-ZK275+239段進行區(qū)域三維數(shù)值建模,依次分析隧道在超前小導(dǎo)管雙側(cè)壁導(dǎo)洞法和全斷面法施工工藝下的穩(wěn)定性、隧道在考慮滲流與不考慮滲流時的穩(wěn)定性以及隧道在地震作用下的穩(wěn)定性。研究結(jié)果表明,隧道開挖過程中,相比全斷面法,采用雙側(cè)壁導(dǎo)洞法在控制圍巖變形方面具有較好的優(yōu)勢；滲流存在對隧道穩(wěn)定性的影響很大；橫向水平地震作用下,隧道襯砌的連接部位特別是拱腳是隧道抗震的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。(2)基于強度折減技術(shù),研究隧道在不同工況作用下的穩(wěn)定程度與破壞規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明,撫松隧道在不同工況作用下的最小安全系數(shù)有比較大的差異,其中水存在的工況隧道的安全系數(shù)最小,穩(wěn)定性最差,更易導(dǎo)致隧道發(fā)生坍塌；錨桿支護的施加能大大提高隧道的穩(wěn)定性,同時錨桿施加時的環(huán)向間距布設(shè)方案的不同也會導(dǎo)致隧道穩(wěn)定性提高幅度的不同。(3)為了解決數(shù)值模擬錨桿的作用通常不能充分發(fā)揮,無法分析判斷錨桿因素敏感性的強弱的問題,將錨桿效應(yīng)模擬與強度折減法相結(jié)合進行錨桿參數(shù)敏感性分析,經(jīng)過試算,本文將巖土剪切強度以折減系數(shù)2.5折減后,錨桿作用得到有效的發(fā)揮,進而能進行錨桿因素敏感性的判斷。利用正交試驗設(shè)計法對巖土因素和錨桿因素設(shè)定試驗方案,采用極差分析法對正交設(shè)計方案的有限元結(jié)果進行敏感性分析。研究結(jié)果表明,巖土因素彈性模量和錨桿因素環(huán)向間距是敏感性強的因素,對隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性影響很大。
[Abstract]:One of the key problems in tunnel construction is how to evaluate and ensure the stability of tunnel. Taking Fusong tunnel engineering as the background, this paper uses numerical simulation method, strength reduction method, orthogonal test design method and range analysis method to study the evaluation method of tunnel stability under complex conditions, so as to perfect the theoretical and methodological system of tunnel stability evaluation. This is of great significance to the reasonable design, safe construction and support scheme adjustment of the tunnel. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) Regional 3D numerical modeling of the ZK275 203-ZK275 239 section of the left tunnel of Fusong tunnel is carried out, and the stability of the tunnel under the construction technology of leading small ducts with double sidewall guide and full section method is analyzed in turn. The stability of tunnel considering seepage and not considering seepage, and the stability of tunnel under earthquake. The results show that, compared with the full-section method, the double-sidewall tunnel method has a good advantage in controlling the surrounding rock deformation, and the seepage has a great influence on the stability of the tunnel. Under the lateral horizontal earthquake, the connecting position of tunnel lining, especially the arch foot, is the weak link of the tunnel seismic resistance. (2) based on the strength reduction technique, the stability and failure law of the tunnel under different working conditions are studied. The results show that the minimum safety factor of Fusong tunnel under different working conditions is quite different. The tunnel with water has the lowest safety factor and the worst stability, which is more likely to cause the tunnel collapse. The application of bolting can greatly improve the stability of the tunnel. At the same time, the different arrangement schemes of the circumferential spacing when the anchor rod is applied will also lead to the different amplitude of the tunnel stability. (3) in order to solve the problem of numerical simulation, the role of the anchor rod is usually not fully played. It is impossible to analyze and judge the sensitivity of anchor rod factors. The anchor effect simulation is combined with strength reduction method to analyze the sensitivity of anchor parameters. After trial calculation, the shear strength of rock and soil is reduced by the reduction coefficient of 2.5, in this paper, the shear strength of rock and soil is reduced by the coefficient of 2.5. The role of anchor can be played effectively, and then the sensitivity of anchor can be judged. The orthogonal design method is used to set the test scheme for geotechnical factors and anchor elements. The sensitivity of the finite element results of the orthogonal design scheme is analyzed by using the range analysis method. The results show that the elastic modulus of rock and soil factors and the circumferential spacing of anchor elements are sensitive factors which have great influence on the stability of tunnel surrounding rock.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U451

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