慢行交通的可適性分析和設(shè)計(jì)方法研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-04 09:27
【摘要】：隨著城市治堵工程的推進(jìn)、綠色出行和低碳交通理念的倡導(dǎo)與發(fā)展,城市慢行交通(即步行和自行車交通)越來(lái)越受到人們的關(guān)注。然而,在實(shí)際中大多城市現(xiàn)有的自行車道等慢行交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施設(shè)置科學(xué)性欠缺,使得城市居民日常出行時(shí)選擇自行車的人數(shù)較少。為加快慢行交通的發(fā)展,提升慢行交通分擔(dān)率,如何合理地設(shè)置慢行交通中的隔離設(shè)施來(lái)改善慢行交通出行環(huán)境,在對(duì)道路資源少占用的基礎(chǔ)上,尋求機(jī)動(dòng)車交通與非機(jī)動(dòng)車交通的平衡點(diǎn),顯得尤為重要。因此,本文從慢行交通系統(tǒng)中物理隔離設(shè)施的適用條件入手,分四部分展開研究。第一部分,對(duì)慢行交通相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行概述。首先介紹慢行交通的定義、特點(diǎn)及方式劃分,并根據(jù)研究需要,對(duì)慢行交通的重要組成部分——自行車的交通流特性進(jìn)行分析;然后,對(duì)慢行交通設(shè)施的界定、分類及存在問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析,提出設(shè)置機(jī)非隔離設(shè)施的必要性。第二部分,分析機(jī)動(dòng)車對(duì)慢行交通的影響。首先,描述了機(jī)非混行路段上機(jī)動(dòng)車對(duì)自行車的干擾行為,并將干擾方式細(xì)分為摩擦干擾與阻滯干擾;然后重點(diǎn)分情況討論了不同干擾產(chǎn)生的原因、作用機(jī)理以及產(chǎn)生的后果;最后通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查,選用速度和延誤兩個(gè)指標(biāo)來(lái)將機(jī)動(dòng)車對(duì)自行車干擾的因素進(jìn)行量化分析。第三部分,研究慢行交通隔離設(shè)施的適用條件。首先運(yùn)用VISSIM仿真軟件建立機(jī)非混行路段的仿真模型,以評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)來(lái)檢驗(yàn)仿真模型與實(shí)際情況的吻合度,通過(guò)調(diào)整參數(shù)設(shè)置來(lái)修正仿真模型;然后,根據(jù)研究需要,多次調(diào)整仿真參數(shù)(主要指機(jī)動(dòng)車與自行車之間的主要干擾因素:車道寬度、總交通量、機(jī)動(dòng)車與自行車的混合比例等),得到不同情況下路段的仿真運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù);最后,根據(jù)VISSIM仿真結(jié)果,選擇臨界延誤作為機(jī)非隔離設(shè)施設(shè)置的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),通過(guò)對(duì)路段延誤的變化規(guī)律研究,得到機(jī)動(dòng)車和自行車相互干擾程度的突變點(diǎn),對(duì)比分析不同車道寬度下設(shè)置機(jī)動(dòng)車和自行車物理隔離設(shè)施的適用條件。第四部分,研究慢行交通(主要是針對(duì)自行車道)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。首先,介紹改善自行車道的基本原則和設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn);然后,研究自行車道與機(jī)動(dòng)車道的協(xié)調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題,提出在道路資源有限的情況下設(shè)置機(jī)非物理隔離設(shè)施時(shí),可以考慮適當(dāng)調(diào)整機(jī)動(dòng)車道寬度以滿足自行車通行寬度設(shè)計(jì)要求的觀點(diǎn),并對(duì)其可行性進(jìn)行了分析;最后,研究自行車道與公交站點(diǎn)的協(xié)調(diào)設(shè)計(jì),提出在公交站點(diǎn)位置如何統(tǒng)籌安排道路資源以減少自行車和公交車相互干擾的方法。
[Abstract]:With the promotion of the urban plugging project, the promotion and development of the concept of green travel and low-carbon transportation, people pay more and more attention to the slow traffic (that is, walking and bicycle traffic). However, in practice, most of the existing urban slow traffic infrastructure such as bicycle lanes is not scientific enough, which makes the number of urban residents choose bicycle less. In order to speed up the development of slow traffic and promote the sharing rate of slow traffic, how to reasonably set up isolation facilities in slow traffic to improve the travel environment of slow traffic, on the basis of less occupation of road resources, It is very important to seek the balance point between motor vehicle traffic and non-motor vehicle traffic. Therefore, this paper starts with the suitable conditions of physical isolation facilities in slow-moving traffic system, and it is divided into four parts. The first part summarizes the theory of slow-moving traffic. Firstly, the definition, characteristics and ways of slow traffic are introduced, and the traffic flow characteristics of bicycle, an important component of slow traffic, are analyzed according to the need of research. Then, the definition, classification and existing problems of slow-moving transportation facilities are analyzed, and the necessity of setting non-isolation facilities is put forward. The second part analyzes the impact of motor vehicles on slow traffic. First of all, the paper describes the interference behavior of motor vehicle to bicycle on the unmixed road, and divides the interference mode into friction interference and block interference, and then discusses the causes, mechanism and consequences of different interference. Finally, through the field investigation, speed and delay are selected to analyze the factors of vehicle disturbance to the bicycle quantificationally. The third part, study the suitable conditions of slow-moving traffic isolation facilities. Firstly, the simulation model of the unmixed section of the machine is established by using the VISSIM simulation software, and the simulation model is corrected by adjusting the parameter setting to verify the consistency between the simulation model and the actual situation. Then, according to the needs of the research, the simulation parameters are adjusted several times (mainly referring to the main interference factors between the motor vehicle and the bicycle: lane width, total traffic volume, the mix ratio of motor vehicle and bicycle, etc.), The simulation operation data of different conditions are obtained. Finally, according to the simulation results of VISSIM, the critical delay is chosen as the standard of setting the non-isolating equipment, and the abrupt point of mutual interference between motor vehicle and bicycle is obtained by studying the variation rule of road delay. The suitable conditions for setting up physical isolation facilities for motor vehicles and bicycles under different lane widths are compared and analyzed. The fourth part studies the optimization design of slow-moving traffic (mainly for bicycle lanes). First of all, introduce the basic principles and design criteria for improving bike lanes; Then, the coordinated design of cycle lane and motor lane is studied, and when the road resources are limited, the non-physical isolation device is put forward. We can consider the point of view that adjusting the width of the motorway to meet the requirements of the design of the bicycle traffic width, and analyze its feasibility. Finally, the coordinated design of bicycle lane and bus station is studied, and the method of how to arrange the road resources at the bus stop is put forward to reduce the interference between bicycle and bus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491
本文編號(hào)：2400103
[Abstract]:With the promotion of the urban plugging project, the promotion and development of the concept of green travel and low-carbon transportation, people pay more and more attention to the slow traffic (that is, walking and bicycle traffic). However, in practice, most of the existing urban slow traffic infrastructure such as bicycle lanes is not scientific enough, which makes the number of urban residents choose bicycle less. In order to speed up the development of slow traffic and promote the sharing rate of slow traffic, how to reasonably set up isolation facilities in slow traffic to improve the travel environment of slow traffic, on the basis of less occupation of road resources, It is very important to seek the balance point between motor vehicle traffic and non-motor vehicle traffic. Therefore, this paper starts with the suitable conditions of physical isolation facilities in slow-moving traffic system, and it is divided into four parts. The first part summarizes the theory of slow-moving traffic. Firstly, the definition, characteristics and ways of slow traffic are introduced, and the traffic flow characteristics of bicycle, an important component of slow traffic, are analyzed according to the need of research. Then, the definition, classification and existing problems of slow-moving transportation facilities are analyzed, and the necessity of setting non-isolation facilities is put forward. The second part analyzes the impact of motor vehicles on slow traffic. First of all, the paper describes the interference behavior of motor vehicle to bicycle on the unmixed road, and divides the interference mode into friction interference and block interference, and then discusses the causes, mechanism and consequences of different interference. Finally, through the field investigation, speed and delay are selected to analyze the factors of vehicle disturbance to the bicycle quantificationally. The third part, study the suitable conditions of slow-moving traffic isolation facilities. Firstly, the simulation model of the unmixed section of the machine is established by using the VISSIM simulation software, and the simulation model is corrected by adjusting the parameter setting to verify the consistency between the simulation model and the actual situation. Then, according to the needs of the research, the simulation parameters are adjusted several times (mainly referring to the main interference factors between the motor vehicle and the bicycle: lane width, total traffic volume, the mix ratio of motor vehicle and bicycle, etc.), The simulation operation data of different conditions are obtained. Finally, according to the simulation results of VISSIM, the critical delay is chosen as the standard of setting the non-isolating equipment, and the abrupt point of mutual interference between motor vehicle and bicycle is obtained by studying the variation rule of road delay. The suitable conditions for setting up physical isolation facilities for motor vehicles and bicycles under different lane widths are compared and analyzed. The fourth part studies the optimization design of slow-moving traffic (mainly for bicycle lanes). First of all, introduce the basic principles and design criteria for improving bike lanes; Then, the coordinated design of cycle lane and motor lane is studied, and when the road resources are limited, the non-physical isolation device is put forward. We can consider the point of view that adjusting the width of the motorway to meet the requirements of the design of the bicycle traffic width, and analyze its feasibility. Finally, the coordinated design of bicycle lane and bus station is studied, and the method of how to arrange the road resources at the bus stop is put forward to reduce the interference between bicycle and bus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 龔迪嘉;公共自行車交通系統(tǒng)在上海和長(zhǎng)沙的應(yīng)用機(jī)制研究[D];湖南大學(xué);2009年
，本文編號(hào)：2400103
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