高速公路隧道出入口車輛安全運行順適過渡理論相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-02 16:44
【摘要】：隧道和橋梁作為山區(qū)高速公路最為常見的兩種典型結(jié)構(gòu)物,本身就具有事故高發(fā)的特性。然而,當(dāng)不同的典型結(jié)構(gòu)物相連接的時候,這種現(xiàn)象將尤為突出。如何使在動態(tài)環(huán)境下,駕駛員-車輛-道路環(huán)境能夠協(xié)調(diào)一致,車輛能夠通順和安全地經(jīng)過隧道出入口過渡段,且保證駕駛舒適性和安全可靠性是目前一個值得研究的課題。本文以高速公路典型隧道出入口過渡段為研究對象,從多個方面研究其行車順適過渡的相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)。第一,論文對國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)綜述,對比分析了典型結(jié)構(gòu)物過渡段行車安全順適過渡方面的研究不足,提出本文研究思路和實驗構(gòu)架。開展了基礎(chǔ)研究,提出了順適過渡的內(nèi)涵表征。研究主要包括:一是從人、車、路、環(huán)境四個方面展開論述,分析了影響隧道出入口行車順適機(jī)理的因素;二是通過對128起隧道出入口典型交通事故的統(tǒng)計分析,進(jìn)一步研究了隧道出入口的行車安全特性;三是從交通流特性角度出發(fā),研究了隧道出入口交通流狀態(tài)及表征參數(shù)的變化特性;四是從駕駛員生心理負(fù)荷一致性、交通流狀態(tài)一致性、道路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施一致性、交通安全特性一致性等四個方面構(gòu)建了順適過渡理論基礎(chǔ)框架的表征。第二,采用虛實結(jié)合的方法設(shè)計了隧道出入口行車過程實驗方案,采集了隧道出入口行車過程中駕駛員的生心理特征參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)、行車速度及變化特性數(shù)據(jù),并對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了深度挖掘分析,構(gòu)建了基于實驗數(shù)據(jù)的函數(shù)表征。主要包括三部分內(nèi)容。一是從整體上說明實驗方案的設(shè)計過程和實施過程;二是對隧道出入口駕駛員眼動特性實驗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,并構(gòu)建相應(yīng)的表征函數(shù);三是對隧道出入口行車速度的變化特性進(jìn)行分析,構(gòu)建相應(yīng)的表征函數(shù)。第三,在已有研究基礎(chǔ)上,基于VISSIM建立隧道出入口行車仿真平臺,同時構(gòu)建隧道出入口交通流微觀模型,以此分析隧道出入口交通流特性。研究主要包括:一是界定隧道出入口自由流和非自由流的劃分界限,從線形影響、隧道出入口期望速度、隧道出入口亮度影響修正等三個方面構(gòu)建自由流狀態(tài)下隧道出入口速度預(yù)測模型;二是分析隧道出入口跟馳特性,構(gòu)建隧道出入口交通流跟馳模型,并進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性分析;三是基于VISSIM構(gòu)建虛擬仿真平臺,對所構(gòu)建的跟馳模型進(jìn)行了參數(shù)標(biāo)定;四是在以上研究的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了隧道出入口交通流宏觀特性。第四,構(gòu)建了隧道出入口行車順適過渡特性的評價體系,并提出了相關(guān)應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),并進(jìn)行案例分析。主要內(nèi)容包括:一是從隧道出入口順適過渡理論內(nèi)涵表征出發(fā),構(gòu)建其評價體系;二是研究分析順適過渡理論的應(yīng)用關(guān)鍵技術(shù),主要包括平縱線形一致性參數(shù)取值研究、橫斷面過渡技術(shù)研究、照明優(yōu)化技術(shù)研究、交通管理控制設(shè)施研究;三是選擇合適的工程案例,對以上所研究的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了驗證和分析。
[Abstract]:As the two most common structures of mountain highway, tunnels and bridges have the characteristics of high incidence of accidents. However, this phenomenon will be particularly prominent when different typical structures are joined together. How to make the driver-vehicle-road environment in harmony, how to pass through the transition section of tunnel entrance and exit smoothly and safely, and how to ensure driving comfort and safety reliability is a subject worth studying at present. Taking the transition section of the entrance and exit of a typical expressway tunnel as the research object, this paper studies the relevant theoretical basis of the traffic smooth transition from many aspects. Firstly, the research status at home and abroad is summarized in detail, and the lack of research on the safety and comfort transition of typical structure transition section is analyzed, and the research ideas and experimental framework are put forward. The basic research was carried out and the connotation of smooth transition was presented. The research mainly includes: first, from the human, the vehicle, the road, the environment four aspects to launch the elaboration, has analyzed the influence tunnel entrance and exit traveling smooth mechanism factor; Second, through the statistical analysis of 128 typical traffic accidents at the tunnel entrance and exit, the traffic safety characteristics of the tunnel entrance and exit are further studied. Thirdly, from the point of view of traffic flow characteristics, the change characteristics of traffic flow state and parameters at tunnel entrance and exit are studied. Fourthly, the basic framework of the theory of smooth transition is constructed from four aspects: the consistency of drivers' psychological load, the consistency of traffic flow state, the consistency of road infrastructure and the consistency of traffic safety characteristics. Secondly, the experimental scheme of tunnel entrance and exit driving process is designed by using the method of combination of virtual and real, and the data of drivers' psychological characteristics, driving speed and variation characteristics are collected in the course of tunnel entrance and exit driving. The experimental data are analyzed in depth, and the function representation based on the experimental data is constructed. It mainly includes three parts. The first is to explain the design process and implementation process of the experimental scheme as a whole, the second is to analyze the experimental data of the eye movement characteristics of the tunnel driver, and to construct the corresponding representation function. The third is to analyze the changing characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit speed, and construct the corresponding representation function. Thirdly, on the basis of existing research, the simulation platform of tunnel entrance and exit traffic flow is established based on VISSIM, and the microscopic model of tunnel entrance traffic flow is constructed to analyze the traffic flow characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit. The main research includes: one is to define the boundary between the free flow and non-free flow at the tunnel entrance and exit, from the linear effect, the expected velocity at the tunnel entrance. The prediction model of tunnel entrance velocity under free flow condition is constructed from three aspects, such as the influence of tunnel entrance brightness on the correction of tunnel entrance and exit luminance. The second is to analyze the characteristics of tunnel entrances and exits, to construct the traffic flow following model of tunnel entrances and exits, and to analyze the stability, the third is to construct a virtual simulation platform based on VISSIM, and calibrate the parameters of the car-following model. Fourthly, on the basis of the above research, the macroscopic characteristics of the traffic flow at the tunnel entrance and exit are analyzed. Fourthly, the evaluation system of the smooth transition characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit vehicle is constructed, and the relevant key technologies are put forward, and a case study is carried out. The main contents are as follows: one is to construct the evaluation system based on the connotation representation of tunnel entrance and exit smooth transition theory; The second is to study and analyze the key technologies of the application of the smooth transition theory, mainly including the research of the parameters of the alignment of horizontal and longitudinal lines, the cross-section transition technology, the lighting optimization technology, the traffic management and control facilities. Thirdly, the key technologies studied above are verified and analyzed by selecting appropriate engineering cases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491
本文編號：2398734
[Abstract]:As the two most common structures of mountain highway, tunnels and bridges have the characteristics of high incidence of accidents. However, this phenomenon will be particularly prominent when different typical structures are joined together. How to make the driver-vehicle-road environment in harmony, how to pass through the transition section of tunnel entrance and exit smoothly and safely, and how to ensure driving comfort and safety reliability is a subject worth studying at present. Taking the transition section of the entrance and exit of a typical expressway tunnel as the research object, this paper studies the relevant theoretical basis of the traffic smooth transition from many aspects. Firstly, the research status at home and abroad is summarized in detail, and the lack of research on the safety and comfort transition of typical structure transition section is analyzed, and the research ideas and experimental framework are put forward. The basic research was carried out and the connotation of smooth transition was presented. The research mainly includes: first, from the human, the vehicle, the road, the environment four aspects to launch the elaboration, has analyzed the influence tunnel entrance and exit traveling smooth mechanism factor; Second, through the statistical analysis of 128 typical traffic accidents at the tunnel entrance and exit, the traffic safety characteristics of the tunnel entrance and exit are further studied. Thirdly, from the point of view of traffic flow characteristics, the change characteristics of traffic flow state and parameters at tunnel entrance and exit are studied. Fourthly, the basic framework of the theory of smooth transition is constructed from four aspects: the consistency of drivers' psychological load, the consistency of traffic flow state, the consistency of road infrastructure and the consistency of traffic safety characteristics. Secondly, the experimental scheme of tunnel entrance and exit driving process is designed by using the method of combination of virtual and real, and the data of drivers' psychological characteristics, driving speed and variation characteristics are collected in the course of tunnel entrance and exit driving. The experimental data are analyzed in depth, and the function representation based on the experimental data is constructed. It mainly includes three parts. The first is to explain the design process and implementation process of the experimental scheme as a whole, the second is to analyze the experimental data of the eye movement characteristics of the tunnel driver, and to construct the corresponding representation function. The third is to analyze the changing characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit speed, and construct the corresponding representation function. Thirdly, on the basis of existing research, the simulation platform of tunnel entrance and exit traffic flow is established based on VISSIM, and the microscopic model of tunnel entrance traffic flow is constructed to analyze the traffic flow characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit. The main research includes: one is to define the boundary between the free flow and non-free flow at the tunnel entrance and exit, from the linear effect, the expected velocity at the tunnel entrance. The prediction model of tunnel entrance velocity under free flow condition is constructed from three aspects, such as the influence of tunnel entrance brightness on the correction of tunnel entrance and exit luminance. The second is to analyze the characteristics of tunnel entrances and exits, to construct the traffic flow following model of tunnel entrances and exits, and to analyze the stability, the third is to construct a virtual simulation platform based on VISSIM, and calibrate the parameters of the car-following model. Fourthly, on the basis of the above research, the macroscopic characteristics of the traffic flow at the tunnel entrance and exit are analyzed. Fourthly, the evaluation system of the smooth transition characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit vehicle is constructed, and the relevant key technologies are put forward, and a case study is carried out. The main contents are as follows: one is to construct the evaluation system based on the connotation representation of tunnel entrance and exit smooth transition theory; The second is to study and analyze the key technologies of the application of the smooth transition theory, mainly including the research of the parameters of the alignment of horizontal and longitudinal lines, the cross-section transition technology, the lighting optimization technology, the traffic management and control facilities. Thirdly, the key technologies studied above are verified and analyzed by selecting appropriate engineering cases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 趙煒華;劉浩學(xué);;高速公路長隧道夜間出口照明優(yōu)化研究[J];青島理工大學(xué)學(xué)報;2012年05期
2 劉清;道路交通安全等級評價與實例分析[J];交通科技;2002年03期
，本文編號：2398734
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