斜坡區(qū)橋梁地基災變風險評估與控制
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-12 12:47
【摘要】：隨著近年來我國對西南部開發(fā)力度的加大,在斜坡區(qū)構筑橋梁地基的情況也越來越多。橋梁作為重要的結構物,任何微小的變形都可能會對橋梁結構造成危害。所以在選線階段,一般都要避開滑坡等斜坡災害。但是由于我國地形的局限性,有些高等級公路或鐵路的建設無法完全避免在滑坡上修筑橋梁。斜坡區(qū)橋梁地基的災變類型在本文中考慮的主要有兩種:崩塌和滑坡。針對崩塌災變的風險評估的研究較少,主要是因為其影響的范圍較小和深度較低,所以其造成的經濟損失和傷亡較低。而滑坡的風險評估的研究開展較深入,部分國家或地區(qū)的學術機構已經對滑坡風險評估提出了一系列的研究計劃。還是對于滑坡的易損性方面的研究卻相對較少,部分問題有待解決。斜坡區(qū)災變的控制方法的研究前人已經提出很多,但是斜坡災變與橋梁地基的結合卻相對較少,可根據(jù)不同的滑坡類型而進行不一樣的治理措施。本文通過理論研究和實例分析,進行斜坡區(qū)橋梁地基災變的風險評估和控制。在目前斜坡風險評估理論的基礎上,對斜坡區(qū)崩塌進行風險評估方法進行系統(tǒng)整理,對滑坡進行危險性評價和易損性分析,并以棕樹凼大橋滑坡為例。論文主要取得了以下的成果和結論:①綜合考慮滑坡物理力學參數(shù)和外界觸發(fā)條件的不確定性,進行滑坡破壞概率的研究�；缕茐氖Х�(wěn)的影響因素很多,外因和內因都是不可忽略的因素。在本文中,降雨是主要的考慮因素。歸納的降雨極值數(shù)據(jù)選樣的辦法有皮爾遜III型分布和耿貝爾分布線型,給出了在不同降雨出現(xiàn)概率的情況下的滑坡失穩(wěn)概率求解方法。②提出了橋梁滑坡的控制的措施,包括施工過程中的橋梁滑坡失穩(wěn)與運營階段的橋梁滑坡失穩(wěn)。③滑坡易損性的研究過程中,加入了公路橋梁的易損性研究,為公路橋梁路基的易損性評價提供基礎。④以棕樹凼大橋滑坡為例,進行變形階段階段風險評估的實例分析。利用了棕樹凼大橋滑坡的相關資料和有關滑坡體上部的調查數(shù)據(jù)。論文統(tǒng)計分析了1980年至2012年的日降雨量的數(shù)據(jù),分別對3個時段的5日、10日、15日的最大累計降雨量進行頻率分布曲線的估算和優(yōu)化,選擇了皮爾遜III型分布進行棕樹凼多日累計極值降雨分布概率的計算,并以兩種時期的降雨量極值計算滑坡失穩(wěn)破壞的概率。并通過Geo-Studio軟件模擬在T1和T2工況下的滑坡變形位移情況。同時,對滑坡承載體進行易損性的評價。在滑坡破壞概率和易損性評價的基礎上,得到了不同工況下滑坡風險評估結果。
[Abstract]:With the development of southwestern China in recent years, the construction of bridge foundation in slope area is more and more. Bridge as an important structure, any small deformation may cause harm to the bridge structure. Therefore, in line selection stage, generally to avoid landslides and other slope disasters. However, due to the limitation of terrain in China, the construction of some high-grade highways or railways can not completely avoid the construction of bridges on landslides. There are two main types of bridge foundation cataclysm in this paper: collapse and landslide. The research on risk assessment of collapse and catastrophe is less, mainly because of its smaller range and lower depth, so the economic loss and casualties caused by it are low. However, the research on landslide risk assessment has been carried out deeply, and some academic institutions in some countries or regions have put forward a series of research plans for landslide risk assessment. However, there are few researches on the vulnerability of landslide, and some problems need to be solved. There have been many researches on the control methods of slope disaster, but the combination of slope catastrophe and bridge foundation is relatively few, and different treatment measures can be carried out according to different landslide types. In this paper, the risk assessment and control of bridge foundation catastrophe in slope area are carried out through theoretical research and practical analysis. Based on the theory of slope risk assessment, the risk assessment method of slope collapse is systematically arranged, and the risk assessment and vulnerability analysis of landslide are carried out. The landslide of Changshutang Bridge is taken as an example. The main achievements and conclusions are as follows: (1) considering the uncertainty of physical and mechanical parameters and triggering conditions of landslide, the failure probability of landslide is studied. There are many factors affecting landslide failure and instability, both external and internal factors can not be ignored. In this paper, rainfall is the main consideration. The methods for selecting rainfall extremum data are Pearson III distribution and Geng Bell distribution. The method of solving landslide instability probability under different rainfall probability is given. 2. The control measures of bridge landslide are put forward. Including the bridge landslide instability in the construction process and the bridge landslide instability in the operation stage. 3 in the research process of landslide vulnerability, the study on the vulnerability of highway bridges has been added. This paper provides the basis for evaluating the vulnerability of highway bridge subgrade. 4 taking the Changshutang Bridge landslide as an example, the case study of risk assessment in deformation stage is carried out. The related data of Changshutang Bridge landslide and the survey data of the upper part of the landslide are used. The data of daily rainfall from 1980 to 2012 are statistically analyzed. The frequency distribution curves of the maximum accumulated rainfall of 5 days, 10 days and 15 days of three periods are estimated and optimized, respectively. The Pearson III type distribution is selected to calculate the probability of the cumulative maximum value of rainfall in many days of palm tree and the probability of landslide instability is calculated by the extreme value of rainfall in two periods. The deformation and displacement of landslide under T 1 and T 2 conditions were simulated by Geo-Studio software. At the same time, the vulnerability of landslide bearing body is evaluated. Based on the evaluation of landslide failure probability and vulnerability, the results of landslide risk assessment under different working conditions are obtained.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442
本文編號：2374579
[Abstract]:With the development of southwestern China in recent years, the construction of bridge foundation in slope area is more and more. Bridge as an important structure, any small deformation may cause harm to the bridge structure. Therefore, in line selection stage, generally to avoid landslides and other slope disasters. However, due to the limitation of terrain in China, the construction of some high-grade highways or railways can not completely avoid the construction of bridges on landslides. There are two main types of bridge foundation cataclysm in this paper: collapse and landslide. The research on risk assessment of collapse and catastrophe is less, mainly because of its smaller range and lower depth, so the economic loss and casualties caused by it are low. However, the research on landslide risk assessment has been carried out deeply, and some academic institutions in some countries or regions have put forward a series of research plans for landslide risk assessment. However, there are few researches on the vulnerability of landslide, and some problems need to be solved. There have been many researches on the control methods of slope disaster, but the combination of slope catastrophe and bridge foundation is relatively few, and different treatment measures can be carried out according to different landslide types. In this paper, the risk assessment and control of bridge foundation catastrophe in slope area are carried out through theoretical research and practical analysis. Based on the theory of slope risk assessment, the risk assessment method of slope collapse is systematically arranged, and the risk assessment and vulnerability analysis of landslide are carried out. The landslide of Changshutang Bridge is taken as an example. The main achievements and conclusions are as follows: (1) considering the uncertainty of physical and mechanical parameters and triggering conditions of landslide, the failure probability of landslide is studied. There are many factors affecting landslide failure and instability, both external and internal factors can not be ignored. In this paper, rainfall is the main consideration. The methods for selecting rainfall extremum data are Pearson III distribution and Geng Bell distribution. The method of solving landslide instability probability under different rainfall probability is given. 2. The control measures of bridge landslide are put forward. Including the bridge landslide instability in the construction process and the bridge landslide instability in the operation stage. 3 in the research process of landslide vulnerability, the study on the vulnerability of highway bridges has been added. This paper provides the basis for evaluating the vulnerability of highway bridge subgrade. 4 taking the Changshutang Bridge landslide as an example, the case study of risk assessment in deformation stage is carried out. The related data of Changshutang Bridge landslide and the survey data of the upper part of the landslide are used. The data of daily rainfall from 1980 to 2012 are statistically analyzed. The frequency distribution curves of the maximum accumulated rainfall of 5 days, 10 days and 15 days of three periods are estimated and optimized, respectively. The Pearson III type distribution is selected to calculate the probability of the cumulative maximum value of rainfall in many days of palm tree and the probability of landslide instability is calculated by the extreme value of rainfall in two periods. The deformation and displacement of landslide under T 1 and T 2 conditions were simulated by Geo-Studio software. At the same time, the vulnerability of landslide bearing body is evaluated. Based on the evaluation of landslide failure probability and vulnerability, the results of landslide risk assessment under different working conditions are obtained.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442
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2 李旭光;葉尚其;鄔貴全;;滑坡地區(qū)橋梁病害原因分析與對策研究[J];西南公路;2006年03期
，本文編號：2374579
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