【摘要】：隨著近十幾年來我國機(jī)動(dòng)車保有量的急劇增加,城市交通擁堵現(xiàn)象越來越嚴(yán)重,十字交叉口是城市交通的關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn),而左轉(zhuǎn)車流又是交叉口最難處理的一部分車流,因此如何處理好左轉(zhuǎn)車流成為緩解城市交通擁堵的關(guān)鍵。本文提出在保證安全的前提下,周期性的將左轉(zhuǎn)車輛提前引入對(duì)面的出口道,然后跟隨本方向左轉(zhuǎn)車輛一起放行方法來減少左轉(zhuǎn)車流對(duì)交叉口的影響。論文首先介紹了研究的背景、主要內(nèi)容以及技術(shù)方法,針對(duì)城市交通擁堵的現(xiàn)狀,論文介紹了導(dǎo)流島、交叉口進(jìn)口道拓寬、設(shè)置待行區(qū)、可變車道幾種渠化方法,并肯定了其對(duì)現(xiàn)階段緩解城市交通擁堵的積極作用。在同向可變車道的基礎(chǔ)上提出了設(shè)置逆向可變車道即左轉(zhuǎn)車流借用對(duì)面出口道的方法。論文第三章介紹了逆向可變車道的定義并對(duì)比了其與普通平面交叉渠化方式的異同點(diǎn),接著定性分析了設(shè)置逆向可變車道的前提條件,然后根據(jù)城市道路規(guī)范對(duì)逆向可變車道的長度和寬度進(jìn)行了規(guī)定,最后提出了逆向可變車道在一個(gè)周期內(nèi)開啟和關(guān)閉時(shí)間的控制方式。論文第四章介紹了信號(hào)配時(shí)的基礎(chǔ)概念,提出將Webster配時(shí)方法與雙目標(biāo)優(yōu)化配時(shí)方法與逆向可變車道結(jié)合起來,在配時(shí)過程中不僅要考慮逆向可變車道的存在對(duì)交叉口造成的影響,還要考慮逆向可變車道在一個(gè)周期內(nèi)開啟和關(guān)閉的時(shí)間,在此基礎(chǔ)上形成交叉口新的渠化和配時(shí)方案。論文第五章結(jié)合青島市的一個(gè)十字交叉口進(jìn)行實(shí)例分析,介紹了在實(shí)際工程中設(shè)置逆向可變車道與優(yōu)化的具體過程,最后通過仿真軟件來對(duì)比設(shè)置逆向可變車道前后交叉口的指標(biāo)參數(shù),從而得出設(shè)置逆向可變車道對(duì)交叉口的意義。在城市用地越來越緊張的前提下,與其他渠化方法相比,設(shè)置左轉(zhuǎn)逆向可變車道的方法施工簡單,投資成本低,可以在不動(dòng)用大工程的前提下充分有效的利用現(xiàn)有的空間資源,為城市的交通渠化提供了一個(gè)新的方向。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles in China in recent years, the phenomenon of urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. Intersection is the key node of urban traffic, and the left-turn traffic flow is the most difficult part of the traffic flow at the intersection. Therefore, how to deal with the left-turn traffic flow is the key to alleviate urban traffic congestion. In order to reduce the influence of the left-turn traffic flow on the intersection, this paper proposes a method to reduce the impact of left-turn traffic flow on the intersection by periodically introducing the left-turn vehicle into the opposite exit lane in advance and then following the left-turn vehicle in the same direction to release the vehicle together on the premise of ensuring safety. Firstly, this paper introduces the background, main contents and technical methods of the research. In view of the current situation of urban traffic congestion, the paper introduces several methods of channelization, such as diversion island, widening of intersections, setting up waiting areas and variable lanes. And affirmed its to the present stage alleviates the city traffic jam the positive function. On the basis of the same direction variable lane, the method of setting the reverse variable lane is put forward, that is, the left turn vehicle flow borrows the opposite exit lane. In the third chapter, the definition of reverse variable lane is introduced, and the similarities and differences between the reverse variable lane and the common plane crossing channel are compared, and then the premise of setting the reverse variable lane is qualitatively analyzed. Then the length and width of the reverse variable lane are defined according to the urban road specifications. Finally, the control mode of the opening and closing time of the reverse variable lane in a period is proposed. In chapter 4, the basic concept of signal timing is introduced, and the combination of Webster timing method and dual objective optimal timing method and reverse variable lane is proposed. In the process of timing, not only the impact of the existence of the reverse variable lane on the intersection, but also the time of opening and closing of the reverse variable lane in a period should be considered. On this basis, a new channelization and timing scheme of the intersection should be formed. In the fifth chapter, the concrete process of setting up the reverse variable lane and optimizing in the actual engineering is introduced, which is based on a case study of a cross intersection in Qingdao. Finally, the significance of setting the reverse variable lane to the intersection is obtained by comparing the index parameters of the intersection before and after setting the reverse variable lane through the simulation software. Under the premise of increasing shortage of urban land, compared with other methods of channelization, the method of setting left turn and reverse variable lane is simple in construction and low in investment cost, so it can make full and effective use of existing space resources without using large projects. It provides a new direction for the traffic channelization of the city.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491.23

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本文編號(hào)：2373365