【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國城市發(fā)展規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大和空間結(jié)構(gòu)的不斷調(diào)整,出行距離逐漸增長,交通需求總量持續(xù)增加,日益顯現(xiàn)出交通時(shí)空資源供給與需求的不均衡性。城市交通擁堵呈現(xiàn)出擁堵時(shí)間從高峰時(shí)段向平峰時(shí)段延伸、擁堵范圍從局部向區(qū)域擴(kuò)展、擁堵狀態(tài)從偶發(fā)性向常態(tài)化轉(zhuǎn)變的態(tài)勢,城市交通系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行面臨嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn),提高路網(wǎng)的服務(wù)水平與通行能力成為緩解城市交通擁堵的重要舉措。研究表明,僅僅通過加快城市道路的建設(shè)速度來治理城市交通擁堵問題是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的,需要依靠先進(jìn)的道路交通管理與控制措施來緩解城市交通擁堵問題。本文以城市道路為研究對(duì)象,針對(duì)其交通場景和路網(wǎng)形態(tài),分析城市道路各交叉口及路段的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)要素及相互作用機(jī)理,判別道路交通狀態(tài),研究緩解道路交通擁堵策略,提出有效的干線動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化方法,研究成果為我國城市道路系統(tǒng)交通管理與控制提供技術(shù)支撐和理論依據(jù)。研究內(nèi)容簡要如下:第一部分,道路交通信息采集及特性參數(shù)分析。通過分析車輛檢測器的工作原理,對(duì)環(huán)形線圈檢測器提出布局優(yōu)化,基于交通信息的采集,研究道路交通參數(shù)并對(duì)其時(shí)間維度和空間維度的相似性進(jìn)行分析,為道路交通狀態(tài)判別提供基礎(chǔ)依據(jù)。第二部分,道路交通狀態(tài)判別。運(yùn)用模糊綜合層次分析法解析各評(píng)判指標(biāo)與各交通狀態(tài)之間的相互作用機(jī)理,包括因素集和判斷集的確定、各評(píng)判指標(biāo)隸屬函數(shù)的建立及其權(quán)重的計(jì)算,分別對(duì)各評(píng)判指標(biāo)和道路交通狀態(tài)進(jìn)行單因素判斷和模糊綜合評(píng)判,確定道路交通狀態(tài)綜合指數(shù)。第三部分,道路交通信號(hào)控制策略�；诘缆方煌顟B(tài)判別,對(duì)道路交通信號(hào)控制策略進(jìn)行深入研究。通過研究點(diǎn)、線、面控制的工作機(jī)理,分析各交叉口的關(guān)聯(lián)特性并進(jìn)行控制子區(qū)劃分,依據(jù)交通流的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)對(duì)控制方式進(jìn)行選取并采用相應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)對(duì)控制策略進(jìn)行效果評(píng)價(jià),揭示控制策略的協(xié)同作用。第四部分,干線動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化�；诘缆方煌顟B(tài)判別及道路交通信號(hào)控制策略的分析,以動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)控制為理念,以交通波理論為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)周期、相位相序、綠信比和相位差等控制參數(shù)進(jìn)行綜合優(yōu)化,提出以提高道路服務(wù)水平為主線的干線動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化方法,并建立定量化模型。第五部分,案例分析。利用TDP綠波工具軟件對(duì)黃島開發(fā)區(qū)濱海大道進(jìn)行雙向綠波動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化,對(duì)所得數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,通過對(duì)比動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化前后的指標(biāo)值,驗(yàn)證動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化方法的準(zhǔn)確性與實(shí)用性,研究適合我國城市道路的干線動(dòng)態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the scale of urban development and the adjustment of spatial structure, the travel distance is gradually increasing, and the total traffic demand continues to increase, which increasingly shows the imbalance between the supply and demand of transportation space-time resources. Urban traffic congestion presents a situation that congestion time extends from peak time to flat peak time, congestion range expands from local to regional, congestion state changes from contingency to normality, and the operation of urban traffic system is faced with severe challenges. Improving the service level and capacity of the road network becomes an important measure to alleviate urban traffic congestion. The research shows that it is not enough to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion only by speeding up the speed of urban road construction. We need to rely on advanced road traffic management and control measures to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion. In this paper, taking urban road as the research object, according to the traffic scene and road network form, the traffic network elements and interaction mechanism of each intersection and section of urban road are analyzed, the road traffic state is distinguished, and the strategy of alleviating traffic congestion is studied. An effective optimization method for dynamic coordinated control of trunk lines is proposed. The research results provide technical support and theoretical basis for traffic management and control of urban road systems in China. The research contents are summarized as follows: the first part, road traffic information collection and characteristic parameter analysis. By analyzing the working principle of the vehicle detector, the layout optimization of the ring coil detector is put forward. Based on the traffic information collection, the road traffic parameters are studied and the similarity between the time dimension and the space dimension is analyzed. To provide the basic basis for road traffic state discrimination. The second part, road traffic condition discrimination. The interaction mechanism between each evaluation index and traffic state is analyzed by using fuzzy comprehensive analytic hierarchy process, including the determination of factor set and judgement set, the establishment of membership function of each evaluation index and the calculation of its weight. The single factor judgment and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of each evaluation index and road traffic state are carried out, and the comprehensive index of road traffic state is determined. The third part, road traffic signal control strategy. Based on the discrimination of road traffic state, the control strategy of road traffic signal is studied in depth. By studying the working mechanism of point, line and surface control, the correlation characteristic of each intersection is analyzed and the control sub-area is divided. According to the running state of traffic flow, the control mode is selected and the corresponding evaluation index is used to evaluate the effect of the control strategy, and the synergistic effect of the control strategy is revealed. The fourth part, the main line dynamic coordination control optimization. Based on the analysis of road traffic condition discrimination and traffic signal control strategy, the control parameters such as period, phase sequence, green signal ratio and phase difference are comprehensively optimized based on dynamic coordinated control and traffic wave theory. An optimization method for dynamic coordinated control of trunk lines with the main line of improving road service level is proposed, and a quantitative model is established. The fifth part, case analysis. Using TDP green wave tool software to optimize the dynamic coordination control of Binhai Avenue in Huangdao Development Zone, the obtained data are analyzed by mathematical statistics, and the index values before and after the optimization are compared. To verify the accuracy and practicability of the dynamic coordinated control optimization method, the main line dynamic coordinated control optimization method suitable for urban roads in China is studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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