【摘要】：振動(dòng)篩作為公路建設(shè)中的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,其生產(chǎn)率、篩分效率和工作壽命的高低都對(duì)公路施工有著重要的影響,因而受到人們的普遍關(guān)注。經(jīng)過實(shí)際調(diào)研與試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),振動(dòng)篩常常因結(jié)構(gòu)不合理而出現(xiàn)篩分效率低、使用壽命短等問題。本文以4000型瀝青攪拌設(shè)備振動(dòng)篩為研究對(duì)象,建立了其詳細(xì)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,對(duì)其開展了動(dòng)力學(xué)分析、有限元仿真及參數(shù)優(yōu)化,具體做了以下工作:建立了振動(dòng)篩的三維模型,并結(jié)合實(shí)體模型詳細(xì)分析了振動(dòng)篩的結(jié)構(gòu)。采用牛頓法建立了振動(dòng)篩系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,求解獲得了篩箱和各激振器的振動(dòng)幅值和運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。在此基礎(chǔ)上探究了振動(dòng)篩的篩箱主振幅與支撐彈簧剛度、激振頻率、篩面傾角等參數(shù)之間的作用關(guān)系,為新型振動(dòng)篩的設(shè)計(jì)提供了參考依據(jù)。完成了篩箱系統(tǒng)的有限元模態(tài)仿真,分析其模態(tài)振型和固有頻率,得到該振動(dòng)篩的工作頻率遠(yuǎn)離其固有頻率,不會(huì)發(fā)生共振。通過對(duì)篩箱系統(tǒng)的瞬態(tài)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,得到其等效應(yīng)力分布云圖,經(jīng)計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)滿足強(qiáng)度要求。觀察某一節(jié)點(diǎn)的y向應(yīng)力-時(shí)間曲線,發(fā)現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)在簡諧力的作用下,其應(yīng)力隨時(shí)間做周期變化。提出一種新的振動(dòng)篩優(yōu)化模型,利用序列二次規(guī)劃(SQP)法對(duì)模型求解得到最優(yōu)值,綜合實(shí)現(xiàn)了振動(dòng)篩質(zhì)量較輕、單位功率的生產(chǎn)量較高及振動(dòng)強(qiáng)度較大的優(yōu)化目標(biāo)。有限元校核優(yōu)化結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)化后的振動(dòng)篩滿足強(qiáng)度要求且不會(huì)出現(xiàn)共振。本論文理論分析和仿真分析相結(jié)合,對(duì)振動(dòng)篩各零部件的受力及運(yùn)動(dòng)情況進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析,建立了一種新的瀝青攪拌設(shè)備振動(dòng)篩參數(shù)優(yōu)化模型,可為新型振動(dòng)篩的設(shè)計(jì)與應(yīng)用提供一定的借鑒價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:As the key equipment in highway construction, the productivity, screening efficiency and working life of vibrating screen have an important influence on highway construction, so people pay more attention to it. Through the actual investigation and experiment, it is found that the vibrating screen often has the problems of low screening efficiency and short service life because of unreasonable structure. In this paper, the detailed dynamic model of 4000 type asphalt mixer vibrating screen is established, and its dynamics analysis, finite element simulation and parameter optimization are carried out. The following work is done: the three-dimensional model of vibrating screen is established. The structure of vibrating screen is analyzed in detail with solid model. The dynamic model of vibrating screen system is established by Newton method. The vibration amplitude and motion law of the screen box and each exciter are obtained. On this basis, the relationship between the main amplitude of the screen box and the parameters such as the stiffness of the supporting spring, the frequency of excitation and the angle of inclination of the screen surface is explored, which provides a reference for the design of the new vibrating screen. The finite element modal simulation of the screen box system is completed and the modal mode and natural frequency are analyzed. The operating frequency of the vibrating screen is far from its natural frequency and no resonance will occur. By analyzing the transient dynamics of the screen box system, the equivalent stress distribution cloud diagram is obtained, and the calculated structure meets the strength requirement. By observing the y direction stress-time curve of a certain node, it is found that the stress of the node changes periodically with time under the action of harmonic force. A new optimization model of vibrating screen is proposed. The optimal value is obtained by using sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method to solve the model. The optimization objectives of lower quality, higher output per unit power and larger vibration intensity are achieved synthetically. It is found that the optimized vibrating screen meets the intensity requirement and does not appear resonance. Combined with theoretical analysis and simulation analysis, this paper analyzes in detail the force and motion of the components and parts of the vibrating screen, and establishes a new optimization model for the parameters of the vibrating screen of the asphalt mixing equipment. It can provide some reference value for the design and application of the new vibrating screen.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U415.5

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本文編號(hào)：2344510