【摘要】：城市現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展導(dǎo)致的交通問題越來越突出,輕軌鐵路的出現(xiàn)有效的減緩了交通壓力,與此同時,輕軌鐵路的建設(shè)過程中的爆破振動對周邊建筑物造成的影響也越來越被重視。國內(nèi)外相關(guān)學(xué)者與專家已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了大量爆破地震對建筑物影響及其控制研究,然而針對古建筑這一特殊結(jié)構(gòu)和類型的建筑物,開展爆破振動影響下的結(jié)構(gòu)振動特性及其爆破地震效應(yīng)控制研究尚較少。因此,研究爆破振動影響下的古建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)振動特性及其地震效應(yīng)控制,在工程振動影響下的古建筑保護(hù)方面具有十分重要理論研究價值與工程實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)意義。論文依托育王嶺隧道爆破振動安全監(jiān)測工程,圍繞阿育王寺古建筑爆破振動影響及其控制,通過理論分析、現(xiàn)場試驗等研究方法,進(jìn)行了輕軌隧道爆破施工影響下的古建筑結(jié)構(gòu)振動以及爆破地震控制研究,得到了以下一些研究結(jié)論與結(jié)果:1.開展了依托工程爆破振動觀測測試與分析,得到了寧波地區(qū)輕軌隧道爆破地震波傳播和衰減規(guī)律。通過觀測結(jié)果回歸分析,得到了較近距離地表、較遠(yuǎn)距離鐵路路基以及建筑物基礎(chǔ)垂直方向、水平徑向、水平切向的質(zhì)點(diǎn)振動速度峰值隨炸藥藥量與距離衰減的經(jīng)驗公式。2.通過爆破地震波時頻特性分析、遠(yuǎn)近距離對比分析指出,振動速度峰值隨藥量與距離的衰減以水平方向快于垂直方向;相較早時期的質(zhì)點(diǎn)振動速度峰值隨比例藥量衰減關(guān)系,明顯存在衰減指數(shù)?的上升趨勢,即較遠(yuǎn)距離條件時爆破振動相對近距離時衰減加快;主振頻率主要分布范圍為10~70Hz,且以10~20Hz頻次最高。3.建立了相應(yīng)的有限元數(shù)值分析模型,開展了磚石塔、山門以及天王殿三類古建筑動力響應(yīng)與結(jié)構(gòu)振型理論與數(shù)值分析,得到了各階固有頻率,結(jié)果表明一階固有頻率相擬合,二種分析的二階與三階固有頻率存在差別。同時三類古建筑的最大振動速度響應(yīng)值(強(qiáng)夯條件)均遠(yuǎn)大于工業(yè)振動振源條件下的國家重點(diǎn)文物建筑的允許值,說明考慮循環(huán)往復(fù)持續(xù)振動長期作用的時,爆破地震可能會相應(yīng)古建筑物產(chǎn)生疲勞破壞,因此考慮爆破地震累積效應(yīng)時,質(zhì)點(diǎn)振動速度判據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值宜慎取小值。4.磚石塔和山門以及天王殿二重檐結(jié)構(gòu)動力響應(yīng)與振型分析結(jié)果表明,磚石塔和天王殿固有頻率一般在1~10Hz范圍內(nèi),山門的二、三階固有頻率有增高的趨勢,爆破振動隨主振頻率與古建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的固有頻率存在重疊可能,勢必導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)共振進(jìn)而促使動力響應(yīng)放大,說明爆破振動安全判據(jù)綜合考慮振動速度和主振頻率的科學(xué)合理性。6.針對依托工程現(xiàn)場實(shí)際情況,分析提出了輕軌隧道爆破地震控制技術(shù)與方法:炸藥種類的選擇、合理的爆破方式與方法、合理利用地形與地質(zhì)條件、安全距離的控制、區(qū)別對待建筑物類型與類別。
[Abstract]:The traffic problems caused by the development of urban modernization are more and more prominent. The emergence of light rail railway effectively alleviates the traffic pressure. At the same time, the impact of blasting vibration on the surrounding buildings is paid more and more attention to. Scholars and experts at home and abroad have done a lot of research on the impact of blasting earthquakes on buildings and their control. However, in view of the ancient buildings, this special structure and type of buildings, There are few researches on the vibration characteristics of structure and the control of blasting seismic effect under the influence of blasting vibration. Therefore, the study of structural vibration characteristics and seismic effect control of ancient buildings under the influence of blasting vibration has very important theoretical research value and engineering practice guiding significance in the protection of ancient buildings under the influence of engineering vibration. Based on the safety monitoring project of blasting vibration in Yuwangling Tunnel, the paper focuses on the influence and control of blasting vibration in ancient buildings of Ashowangsi, through theoretical analysis, field test and other research methods. The vibration of ancient building structure and blasting seismic control under the influence of blasting construction of light rail tunnel are studied. Some conclusions and results are obtained as follows: 1. The propagation and attenuation of blasting seismic wave in light rail tunnel in Ningbo area are obtained by means of blasting vibration observation and analysis based on engineering. By regression analysis of observation results, the empirical formulas of the peak vibration velocity of particle vibration in the vertical direction, horizontal radial direction and horizontal tangential direction of the near surface, long-distance railway subgrade and building foundation are obtained. 2. By analyzing the time-frequency characteristics of blasting seismic waves and comparing the distance between far and short, it is pointed out that the peak value of vibration velocity decreases faster in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction with the decrease of the charge quantity and distance. In the earlier period, the peak value of particle vibration velocity attenuated with proportional charge, and the attenuation exponent was obvious. The main frequency distribution range of the main vibration is 1070 Hz, and the 10~20Hz frequency is the highest. The corresponding finite element numerical analysis model is established and the theory and numerical analysis of dynamic response and structural mode of three ancient buildings, brick tower, mountain gate and Tianwangdian are carried out, and the natural frequencies of each order are obtained. The results show that the first-order natural frequencies fit together. The second order and third order natural frequencies of the two kinds of analysis are different. At the same time, the maximum vibration velocity response value (dynamic compaction condition) of the three kinds of ancient buildings is much larger than the allowable value of the state key cultural relic buildings under the condition of industrial vibration source, which shows that the long-term effect of cyclic and continuous vibration is considered. Blasting earthquake may cause fatigue damage to ancient buildings. Therefore, when considering the cumulative effect of blasting earthquake, the standard value of particle vibration velocity criterion should be carefully taken into account. 4. 4. The results of dynamic response and vibration analysis of brick tower, mountain gate and double eaves of Tianwang Temple show that the natural frequencies of brick tower and Tianwang Hall are generally within the range of 1~10Hz, and the second and third natural frequencies of the gate have a tendency to increase. The blasting vibration may overlap with the natural frequency of the ancient building structure with the main vibration frequency, which will inevitably lead to the structural resonance and promote the dynamic response amplification. It is shown that the safety criterion of blasting vibration is scientific and reasonable considering the vibration speed and the main vibration frequency. 6. According to the actual situation of the project, this paper analyzes and puts forward the blasting seismic control technology and method of light rail tunnel: the choice of explosive type, the reasonable blasting method and method, the reasonable use of terrain and geological conditions, and the control of safe distance. Distinguish between types and categories of buildings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U455.6;TU311.3

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：2322296