【摘要】：我國(guó)是一個(gè)汽車大國(guó),汽車的保有量在逐年不斷增長(zhǎng),與此同時(shí)道路交通事故也在頻繁發(fā)生。據(jù)中華人民共和國(guó)道路交通事故事故統(tǒng)計(jì)年報(bào)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,在所有道路交通事故中,山區(qū)公路的重特大交通事故的發(fā)生率占了整個(gè)公路的10%以上。駕駛負(fù)荷分為體力負(fù)荷和精神負(fù)荷,汽車內(nèi)部和外部的環(huán)境以及駕駛員的身體狀況都會(huì)影響駕駛負(fù)荷的產(chǎn)生,駕駛負(fù)荷的增加會(huì)促使駕駛員產(chǎn)生不安全的駕駛行為,從而導(dǎo)致交通事故的發(fā)生。開展山區(qū)公路駕駛負(fù)荷的研究有助于了解山區(qū)公路對(duì)駕駛員工作負(fù)荷的影響,為優(yōu)化山區(qū)公路設(shè)計(jì),降低山區(qū)公路交通事故發(fā)生率提供理論支撐,對(duì)駕駛員行車安全具有教育意義�；趯�(duì)前人研究成果及相關(guān)理論的總結(jié),針對(duì)我國(guó)山區(qū)公路的特點(diǎn),本文以三條山區(qū)雙車道公路為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)在山區(qū)復(fù)雜公路不同行車條件下的駕駛負(fù)荷進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究。本文主要分析了直道超車過程駕駛員駕駛負(fù)荷的變化、直道會(huì)車和彎道會(huì)車過程駕駛員駕駛負(fù)荷的變化、彎道行駕駛員駕駛負(fù)荷的變化及一些特殊行車避讓情況下駕駛員駕駛負(fù)荷的變化。通過試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析,結(jié)果表明:在直道超車、直道及彎道會(huì)車、彎道行車及特殊行車避讓五種行車條件下,駕駛員的駕駛負(fù)荷都會(huì)出現(xiàn)增加,其中在特殊行車避讓條件下如突遇行人橫穿道路時(shí)駕駛負(fù)荷增加最多,直道超車和彎道會(huì)車時(shí)駕駛負(fù)荷增加較多,直道會(huì)車和彎道行車時(shí)駕駛負(fù)荷增加較少;駕駛員超越小型車輛時(shí)承受的駕駛負(fù)荷比超越大型車輛時(shí)的低;超車過程方向盤轉(zhuǎn)角的增加和轉(zhuǎn)速的變化都會(huì)導(dǎo)致駕駛員體力負(fù)荷的增加,方向盤轉(zhuǎn)速越快,駕駛負(fù)荷越高;超車過程駕駛負(fù)荷的明顯增加是在超車即將結(jié)束時(shí);彎道行車會(huì)導(dǎo)致駕駛員駕駛負(fù)荷的增加,使得駕駛員的緊張度上升,駕駛負(fù)荷隨彎道半徑的增大呈現(xiàn)減小的趨勢(shì),彎道行車時(shí)方向盤轉(zhuǎn)角、轉(zhuǎn)速都會(huì)導(dǎo)致駕駛員駕駛負(fù)荷的增加,方向盤轉(zhuǎn)速越快,駕駛員承受的駕駛負(fù)荷越大,但駕駛負(fù)荷并不隨彎道轉(zhuǎn)角的增加持續(xù)增加;在山區(qū)公路上行車時(shí),對(duì)于不熟悉道路環(huán)境、駕駛經(jīng)驗(yàn)少的駕駛員而言,駕駛負(fù)荷相比其他駕駛員會(huì)高出很多。
[Abstract]:Our country is a big country of automobile, the quantity of automobile is increasing year by year, at the same time, the road traffic accident also occurs frequently. According to the annual statistics of road traffic accidents of the people's Republic of China, among all road traffic accidents, the incidence of serious and serious traffic accidents on mountain roads accounts for more than 10% of the total road traffic accidents. Driving load is divided into physical load and mental load. The internal and external environment of the vehicle and the driver's physical condition will affect the generation of driving load. The increase of driving load will promote the driver to produce unsafe driving behavior. As a result, traffic accidents occur. The research on driving load of mountain road is helpful to understand the influence of mountain road on driver's workload, to optimize the design of mountain road and to reduce the incidence of road traffic accident in mountain area. It has educational significance to driver's driving safety. Based on the summarization of previous research results and related theories, according to the characteristics of mountain highways in China, this paper takes three mountain two-lane highways as the research object, carries on the experimental research to the driving load under the different driving conditions of the mountain complex highway. This paper mainly analyzes the change of driver's driving load in the process of straight overtaking, the change of driver's driving load in the course of straight passing and the changing of driver's driving load in bends. The change of driver's driving load and the change of driver's driving load under some special conditions. Through the analysis of test data, the results show that under five driving conditions of straight overtaking, straight and bend meeting, curve driving and special driving avoiding, the driver's driving load will increase. Under the special condition of avoiding traffic, the driving load increases the most when the pedestrian is crossing the road suddenly, the driving load increases more when the straight road overtakes and the curve meets the vehicle, and the driving load increases less when the straight road meets the traffic and the curve traffic; The driver's driving load when overtaking small vehicles is lower than that of large vehicles, and the increase of steering wheel angle and the change of rotational speed will lead to the increase of driver's physical load, the faster the speed of steering wheel is, the higher the driving load will be. The obvious increase in driving load during overtaking is at the end of overtaking; Curve driving will lead to the increase of driver's driving load, and the driver's tension will increase, and the driving load will decrease with the increase of the curve radius. The faster the rotation speed of the steering wheel, the greater the driving load the driver bears, but the driving load does not increase continuously with the increase of the corner angle. When driving on a mountain road, drivers who are not familiar with the road environment and have less driving experience will have a much higher driving load than other drivers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491.254

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