【摘要】：人類移動行為的定量化研究,包括時間特性和空間特性,.對于理解許多由人群交互所產(chǎn)生的傳播現(xiàn)象至關重要,并且在空間位置預測、信息推薦等領域有很大幫助。近年來大數(shù)據(jù)技術和城市公共信息管理系統(tǒng)的興起,使得獲取城市人群大規(guī)模行為數(shù)據(jù)成為可能。本文借助成都市快速公交智能卡數(shù)據(jù),定義并定量研究了乘客出行的時空規(guī)律特征,并且采用信息熵定義了乘客出行的空間熵和時間熵。研究表明,快速公交乘客出行在時間和空間上都存在異質(zhì)性。在時間上,乘客日常出行具有明顯的早晚高峰現(xiàn)象,周末出行量比工作日出行量少,早晚高峰現(xiàn)象也變得不明顯,90%的乘客的出行在途時間不超過30分鐘,乘客的連續(xù)出行多發(fā)生在1.5小時左右的短時間、8.5至13.5小時的通勤出行以及以24小時的倍數(shù)依次衰退的周期3個時間段。在空間上,大部分乘客出行具有明顯的空間偏好,一些站點的訪問次數(shù)很多,也有站點的訪問很稀疏。而對于同一站點,進站和出站頻率往往并不對稱。對于大多數(shù)乘客,受到物理因素的限制,只訪問過系統(tǒng)中的少數(shù)站點。而乘客出行的移動距離分布,既不服從指數(shù)分布,也不服從冪函數(shù)分布,而是具有若干離散的峰值,這可能與站點間的距離分布以及線路較為單一有關�？焖俟怀鲂械臅r空規(guī)律特征的回歸性分析表明,乘客出行的時間熵與出行絕對時間差存在正相關關系,而空間熵隨著乘客訪問站點個數(shù)的增加而增大,隨著乘客出行頻率的增加而減小。時空熵各自的分布表明,乘客出行在空間上受到的限制更大,而在時間上表現(xiàn)出很強的隨機性和離散性。時間熵和空間熵對于乘客出行的首次刷卡進站時間、出行頻率以及訪問站點的個數(shù)有不同程度的影響。
[Abstract]:Quantitative study of human mobility, including temporal and spatial characteristics. It is very important to understand many communication phenomena caused by crowd interaction, and it is helpful in spatial location prediction, information recommendation and so on. In recent years, with the rise of big data technology and urban public information management system, it is possible to obtain mass behavior data of urban population. Based on the smart card data of Chengdu bus Rapid Transit (BRT), this paper defines and quantitatively studies the spatial and temporal characteristics of passenger travel, and uses information entropy to define the spatial entropy and time entropy of passenger travel. The research shows that there is heterogeneity in time and space of bus rapid transit passenger travel. In terms of time, the daily travel of passengers has obvious morning and evening rush phenomenon, weekend travel volume is less than weekday travel volume, morning and evening rush time phenomenon become not obvious, 90% of passengers travel time is less than 30 minutes, Passengers travel continuously in about 1.5 hours of short time, 8.5 to 13.5 hours of commuting and 24 hours of decline in turn of three periods of time. In space, most passengers travel with obvious spatial preference, some sites have a lot of visits, and others have very sparse access. For the same station, the frequency of incoming and outgoing stations is often asymmetric. For most passengers, physical constraints have limited access to only a few sites in the system. However, the travel distance distribution of passengers is neither exponential nor power function, but has some discrete peaks, which may be related to the distance distribution between stations and the single line. The regression analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of bus rapid transit travel shows that there is a positive correlation between the travel time entropy and the absolute travel time difference, and the spatial entropy increases with the increase of the number of passenger visits. As the frequency of passenger travel increases, it decreases. The spatial and temporal entropy distribution shows that the travel of passengers is more restricted in space, but it shows strong randomness and discreteness in time. The time entropy and the space entropy have different effects on the first time of swiping in the station, the frequency of the trip and the number of sites visited.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491

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