【摘要】：NSD(negative stiffness device,簡(jiǎn)稱NSD)為一種新型的負(fù)剛度減震機(jī)構(gòu),即在位移激勵(lì)下能產(chǎn)生與位移方向一致的作用力的機(jī)構(gòu),將其內(nèi)置于結(jié)構(gòu)中可通過弱化結(jié)構(gòu)以達(dá)到減震效果�，F(xiàn)有系列研究表明:NSD具有較好的減震功效和自復(fù)位功能,且NSD機(jī)構(gòu)是無需外部能源輸入的被動(dòng)控制的結(jié)構(gòu)減震技術(shù),其完全通過力學(xué)機(jī)制產(chǎn)生負(fù)剛度從而達(dá)到減震功效。NSD作為被動(dòng)減震裝置,一定程度上消除了主動(dòng)、半主動(dòng)控制裝置能量輸入大且不穩(wěn)定的影響。目前基于NSD實(shí)現(xiàn)耗能能力的研究成果較少,因此,對(duì)改進(jìn)型減震自復(fù)位負(fù)剛度機(jī)構(gòu)的抗震機(jī)理分析顯得尤為迫切。為了進(jìn)一步改善既有負(fù)剛度機(jī)構(gòu)的抗震性能,本文開發(fā)了增設(shè)與預(yù)壓彈簧并行的輔助耗能元件的改進(jìn)型減震自復(fù)位負(fù)剛度機(jī)構(gòu)。以負(fù)剛度機(jī)構(gòu)中預(yù)壓彈簧剛度和預(yù)壓位移作為設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了5個(gè)足尺試件并采用商業(yè)有限元軟件ABAQUS對(duì)其在水平低周往復(fù)荷載下的抗震機(jī)理進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬�；谀M數(shù)據(jù)處理,對(duì)其滯回特征、水平抗側(cè)剛度和耗能能力等性能進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。為了驗(yàn)證改進(jìn)型減震自復(fù)位負(fù)剛度機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)的減震功效,本文設(shè)計(jì)了直柱式橋墩結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)置改進(jìn)型減震自復(fù)位負(fù)剛度機(jī)構(gòu)算例,并采用商業(yè)有限元軟件ABAQUS對(duì)其在水平低周往復(fù)荷載下以及單向加載下了進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。分析結(jié)果顯示:預(yù)壓彈簧剛度不僅影響負(fù)剛度對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)弱化減震的發(fā)展進(jìn)程,且影響消壓后對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)化自復(fù)位的功效。預(yù)壓位移設(shè)計(jì)值僅影響負(fù)剛度對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)弱化減震的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。設(shè)置與預(yù)壓彈簧并行的輔助耗能元件可提供耗散地震能的能力,從而進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)的減震效果。因此,改進(jìn)型減震自復(fù)位負(fù)剛度機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)了減震、耗能能力與自復(fù)位功效有機(jī)統(tǒng)一的性能設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:NSD (negative stiffness device, (NSD) is a new type of negative stiffness damping mechanism, which can produce force consistent with displacement direction under displacement excitation. It can be used to attenuate the structure by weakening the structure. The existing series of studies show that NSD has better damping effect and self-reset function, and that the NSD mechanism is a passive structural damping technique without external energy input. NSD, as a passive shock absorber, can eliminate the influence of active and semi-active control devices on the large and unstable energy input to some extent. At present, there are few researches on the energy dissipation ability based on NSD, so it is urgent to analyze the seismic mechanism of the improved self-reset negative stiffness mechanism. In order to further improve the seismic performance of the existing negative stiffness mechanism, an improved damping self-reset negative stiffness mechanism with auxiliary energy dissipation elements parallel to the preloaded spring is developed in this paper. Taking preloaded spring stiffness and preloading displacement in negative stiffness mechanism as design parameters, five full-scale specimens were designed and their seismic mechanism under horizontal low cycle reciprocating load was simulated numerically by commercial finite element software ABAQUS. Based on the simulation data processing, the hysteretic characteristics, horizontal lateral stiffness and energy dissipation capacity were compared and analyzed. In order to verify the effect of the improved self-reset negative stiffness mechanism on the structure, a calculation example of the modified self-reset negative stiffness mechanism for the straight column pier structure is designed in this paper. The commercial finite element software ABAQUS is used to simulate it under horizontal low cycle reciprocating load and unidirectional loading. The results show that the stiffness of preloaded spring not only affects the development process of the negative stiffness on the weakening and damping of the structure, but also affects the effect of strengthening the self-reset of the structure after the reduction of the pressure. The design value of preloading displacement only affects the development process of the negative stiffness on the weakening and damping of the structure. The ability of dissipating seismic energy can be provided by setting auxiliary energy dissipation elements parallel to preloaded springs, thus further enhancing the seismic absorption effect of the structure. Therefore, the improved self-reset negative stiffness mechanism achieves the performance design goal of the unity of damping, energy dissipation and self-reset efficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U441

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