【摘要】：在道路網(wǎng)中單個交叉口作為道路的基本單元,其運行狀況直接影響公共交通的運行效率以及城市道路交通的暢通程度。因此如何改善公交車輛在交叉口的信號控制策略,對于減少公交車輛在交叉口的等待時間以及確保整個交叉口的通行效率又不受太大影響具有十分重要的意義。現(xiàn)在公交車輛在交叉口的信號控制主要分為定時和感應(yīng)控制兩種方式,由于感應(yīng)控制是通過布設(shè)檢測器等方式來實時獲取車輛各種信息,因此感應(yīng)控制能夠適應(yīng)交叉口車流變化的動態(tài)性和實時性等特點。首先,通過查閱文獻了解公交車輛在交叉口是如何通過感應(yīng)控制來達到優(yōu)化效果的,具體包括公交優(yōu)先的實現(xiàn)形式,感應(yīng)控制參數(shù)設(shè)定以及檢測器布設(shè)等內(nèi)容。并有針對性的對檢測器布設(shè)信息采集方式做了優(yōu)化調(diào)整。其次,通過分析綠燈延長時間與車頭時距的關(guān)系,給出了公交優(yōu)先相位綠燈延長時間終止條件的優(yōu)化方案,建立了基于公交優(yōu)先相位社會車輛的車頭時距的綠燈延長時間計算模型;再次,在非優(yōu)先相位綠燈時間壓縮方面,改變以往單一壓縮固定值,改而通過確定當前相位的關(guān)鍵車道,根據(jù)當前相位各個車道到達情況實時來進行壓縮。確保真正體現(xiàn)“公交優(yōu)先”的內(nèi)涵。最后,利用VISSIM仿真軟件和VAP感應(yīng)控制模塊,結(jié)合實際案例分別采用傳統(tǒng)感應(yīng)控制和本文優(yōu)化后的感應(yīng)控制來進行模擬仿真,采用車均延誤、平均排隊長度、評價停車次數(shù)三個指標來驗證文中的所提出的優(yōu)化方案和控制邏輯可行性。結(jié)果表明,在不同層次的飽和度下,文中提出的優(yōu)化方案對于實現(xiàn)公交優(yōu)先、降低對社會車輛的影響、提高整個交叉口的運行效率具有明顯的效果。
[Abstract]:As the basic unit of road in road network, the running condition of single intersection directly affects the running efficiency of public transport and the degree of unblocked urban road traffic. So how to improve the signal control strategy of the bus at the intersection is very important to reduce the waiting time of the bus at the intersection and to ensure the traffic efficiency of the whole intersection is not greatly affected. At present, the signal control of bus at intersections is mainly divided into two ways: timing and induction control. Because the inductive control is to obtain all kinds of vehicle information in real time by setting detectors and so on. Therefore, induction control can adapt to the dynamic and real-time characteristics of traffic flow change at intersection. First of all, by consulting the literature to understand how the bus in the intersection through induction control to achieve optimal results, including the realization of bus priority form, induction control parameters and detector layout and so on. And targeted to the detector layout information collection mode has made the optimization adjustment. Secondly, by analyzing the relationship between the green time extension and the headway distance, the optimization scheme of the stop condition of the public transit priority phase green light extension time is given. The calculation model of the green time extension of the headway time of the social vehicle based on the public transport priority phase is established. Thirdly, in the aspect of non-priority phase green time compression, we change the previous single compression fixed value, and then compress it in real time according to the arrival of each lane of the current phase by determining the key lane of the current phase. Ensure that the meaning of "bus priority" is truly reflected. Finally, using VISSIM simulation software and VAP induction control module, combined with actual cases, the traditional induction control and the optimized induction control are used to simulate the simulation. Three indexes of parking times are evaluated to verify the feasibility of the proposed optimization scheme and control logic. The results show that under different levels of saturation, the proposed optimization scheme has obvious effect on realizing public transport priority, reducing the influence on social vehicles and improving the operation efficiency of the whole intersection.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491

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