【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,曲線橋梁在現(xiàn)代城市的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)中所占的比重日益增加。特別是曲線高架橋、立交橋的大規(guī)模建設(shè)與使用,使得曲線橋梁已經(jīng)成為城市交通橋梁網(wǎng)絡(luò)不可或缺的一部分。曲線橋梁在地震中的破壞將會(huì)直接影響城市橋梁網(wǎng)絡(luò)的通行能力,給震后救援工作造成極大困難。對(duì)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的地震易損性進(jìn)行分析,是了解和評(píng)估橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能的重要技術(shù)手段,在地震工程和防災(zāi)減災(zāi)領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用。但是,相比于直線橋梁,曲線橋梁的結(jié)構(gòu)更為復(fù)雜,在地震作用下的地震響應(yīng)及地震易損性分析更為困難。目前,廣泛使用的有限元分析由于建模過(guò)程復(fù)雜、單元數(shù)量巨大、計(jì)算耗時(shí)長(zhǎng)等問(wèn)題,不適宜于城市大規(guī)模橋梁網(wǎng)絡(luò)的快速建模及震后損傷快速評(píng)估。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本論文研究了曲線橋梁的簡(jiǎn)化建模方法,并對(duì)該類橋梁的地震易損性進(jìn)行了研究。本文的研究工作及取得的成果如下:(1)利用OpenSees有限元分析軟件,基于纖維單元建立了曲線橋梁的非線性有限元模型,數(shù)值模擬分析了曲線橋梁在不同方向、不同強(qiáng)度地震動(dòng)輸入下的響應(yīng)特征,研究了橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)墩頂、墩底和支座等關(guān)鍵構(gòu)件的響應(yīng)規(guī)律。(2)研究了曲線橋梁的破壞準(zhǔn)則與結(jié)構(gòu)損傷指標(biāo),通過(guò)對(duì)橋墩截面的彎矩-曲率和位移延性及支座變形分析的分析,研究了以墩底曲率延性系數(shù)、墩頂位移延性系數(shù)及支座極限變形為參數(shù)的橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)損傷指標(biāo)。(3)基于彈簧-桿系模型,研究了以剛性桿、彎曲彈簧、剪切彈簧、扭轉(zhuǎn)彈簧為基本單元的曲線橋梁簡(jiǎn)化建模方法,建立了復(fù)雜有限元模型與簡(jiǎn)化分析模型的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系。研究表明,簡(jiǎn)化曲線橋梁模型的地震響應(yīng)分析計(jì)算時(shí)間與纖維單元模型相比縮短了30%以上。(4)基于曲線橋梁簡(jiǎn)化模型,采用墩頂位移延性系數(shù)作為損傷指標(biāo)對(duì)曲線橋梁的易損性進(jìn)行了研究。研究表明,曲線橋梁順橋向地震動(dòng)輸入時(shí)的易損性大于橫橋向,且墩高是影響結(jié)構(gòu)抗災(zāi)性能的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the proportion of curved bridge in modern city traffic network is increasing day by day. Especially the large-scale construction and use of curved viaduct and overpass make curved bridge become an indispensable part of urban traffic bridge network. The damage of curved bridge in earthquake will directly affect the capacity of urban bridge network and make the rescue work after earthquake extremely difficult. The analysis of seismic vulnerability of bridge structure is an important technical means to understand and evaluate the seismic performance of bridge structure. It has been widely used in the field of earthquake engineering and disaster prevention and mitigation. However, compared with linear bridges, the structure of curved bridges is more complex, and the seismic response and seismic vulnerability analysis are more difficult. At present, the widely used finite element analysis is not suitable for the rapid modeling of urban large-scale bridge networks and the rapid assessment of post-earthquake damage due to the complex modeling process, the large number of elements and the long calculation time. In order to solve the above problems, the simplified modeling method of curved bridges is studied in this paper, and the seismic vulnerability of this kind of bridges is studied. The research work and achievements are as follows: (1) the nonlinear finite element model of curved bridge based on fiber element is established by using OpenSees finite element analysis software, and the numerical simulation results show that the curved bridge is in different directions. The response characteristics of different intensity ground motion input are studied, and the response law of the key components such as the pier top, the pier bottom and the support are studied. (2) the damage criterion and damage index of the curved bridge are studied. Based on the analysis of moment curvature, displacement ductility and bearing deformation of pier section, the ductility coefficient of pier bottom curvature is studied. The damage index of bridge structure based on the displacement ductility coefficient of pier top and the limit deformation of support. (3) based on the spring-bar model, the rigid rod, bending spring and shear spring are studied. The simplified modeling method of curved bridge with torsion spring as the basic element is presented, and the relation between the complex finite element model and the simplified analysis model is established. The results show that the calculating time of seismic response analysis of simplified curved bridge model is more than 30% shorter than that of fiber element model. (4) based on the simplified model of curved bridge, The ductility coefficient of pier top displacement is used as damage index to study the vulnerability of curved bridges. The results show that the vulnerability of curved bridge to ground motion is higher than that of transverse bridge, and the pier height is the key parameter to affect the anti-disaster performance of the structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U442.55

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本文編號(hào)：2301191