【摘要】：在自然風(fēng)環(huán)境中當(dāng)車輛在橋上行駛時(shí),車輛及橋梁組成的車-橋耦合系統(tǒng)會(huì)受到風(fēng)荷載產(chǎn)生的氣動(dòng)力作用而對(duì)車-橋耦合系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)產(chǎn)生影響,車-橋耦合系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)及車輛的行駛同時(shí)會(huì)影響自然風(fēng)場(chǎng)特性變化而會(huì)使車-橋耦合系統(tǒng)受到的氣動(dòng)力產(chǎn)生變化,從而形成風(fēng)-車-橋耦合振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。本文提出雙向流固耦合數(shù)值分析方法對(duì)風(fēng)-汽車-橋梁空間耦合系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容有:采用CFD數(shù)值模擬方法對(duì)車輛靜止于橋上及車輛在橋上行駛時(shí)的汽車-橋梁系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究,研究了不同風(fēng)速及不同風(fēng)偏角的風(fēng)荷載作用下大客車、小汽車、半掛車在不同斷面形式的橋上及在橋上橫向不同位置時(shí)車輛的氣動(dòng)特性,并對(duì)兩大客車雙會(huì)交會(huì)、車輛駛出隧道至橋面及車輛在橋上行駛經(jīng)過(guò)橋塔區(qū)域時(shí)車輛氣動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行了研究,得到了不同環(huán)境下車輛的氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)及變化規(guī)律,對(duì)橋上車輛的氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)的選取具有指導(dǎo)意義�；贏NSYS數(shù)值分析軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)數(shù)值模擬,采用時(shí)域求解法對(duì)車輛-橋梁系統(tǒng)隨時(shí)間變化的振動(dòng)微分方程求解對(duì)汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)特性進(jìn)行分析,分析了車輛行駛速度、車輛質(zhì)量、車輛數(shù)量及車輛縱向間距對(duì)汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)中車輛及橋梁振動(dòng)的影響。提出雙向流固耦合數(shù)值方法對(duì)風(fēng)-汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,研究了在不同側(cè)向風(fēng)速及豎向不同風(fēng)場(chǎng)模型的風(fēng)荷載作用下,不同數(shù)量的車輛在橋面上行駛時(shí)風(fēng)-汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)中橋梁及車體周圍空間的風(fēng)場(chǎng)特性及車體壓力分布規(guī)律,并對(duì)風(fēng)-汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)特性進(jìn)行了分析。對(duì)風(fēng)-汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)中車輛的行車安全進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),研究了處于風(fēng)-汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)中的車輛在受到不同風(fēng)偏角的風(fēng)荷載作用時(shí),車體周圍空間流場(chǎng)及車體表面壓力的分布規(guī)律,在考慮自然風(fēng)荷載與汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)相互影響下得到了車輛的氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)及其隨風(fēng)偏角的變化規(guī)律及不同速度行駛同時(shí)受到不同風(fēng)偏角自然風(fēng)荷載作用下的車輛發(fā)生傾覆及在干、濕、雪、冰不同路面狀況下車輛發(fā)生側(cè)滑的臨界風(fēng)速,并對(duì)車輛發(fā)生傾覆與側(cè)滑危險(xiǎn)的側(cè)向臨界風(fēng)速與最小臨界風(fēng)速進(jìn)行了對(duì)比研究。研究中采用的方法及所得結(jié)論對(duì)風(fēng)-汽車-橋梁耦合系統(tǒng)中車輛的行車安全評(píng)價(jià)具有參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In the natural wind environment, when the vehicle travels on the bridge, the vehicle-bridge coupling system composed of the vehicle and the bridge will be affected by the aerodynamic force generated by the wind load, which will have an impact on the vibration of the vehicle-bridge coupling system. The vibration of the vehicle-bridge coupling system and the driving of the vehicle will affect the natural wind field characteristics at the same time, and the aerodynamic force of the vehicle-bridge coupling system will be changed, thus forming the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system. In this paper, a bidirectional fluid-solid coupling numerical analysis method is proposed to simulate the air-vehicle-bridge spatial coupling system. The main research contents are as follows: CFD numerical simulation method is used to study the vehicle-bridge system when the vehicle is still on the bridge and when the vehicle is travelling on the bridge, and the bus and car under the action of different wind speed and different wind deflection angle are studied. The aerodynamic characteristics of semitrailers on different cross-section bridges and in different transverse positions on the bridges, and the two buses will meet each other. The aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles driving out of the tunnel to the deck of the bridge and passing through the bridge tower area are studied, and the aerodynamic coefficients and variation laws of the vehicles in different environments are obtained. It is of guiding significance for the selection of aerodynamic coefficients of vehicles on the bridge. The numerical simulation of vehicle-bridge coupling system is realized based on ANSYS software. The time-domain solution method is used to analyze the vibration response characteristics of vehicle-bridge coupling system by solving the vibration differential equation of vehicle-bridge system with time. The effects of vehicle speed, vehicle quality, vehicle quantity and longitudinal distance on vehicle and bridge vibration in vehicle-bridge coupling system are analyzed. A bidirectional fluid-solid coupling numerical method is proposed to simulate the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system. The wind loads of different wind speeds and vertical wind field models are studied. The wind field characteristics and the pressure distribution of the bridge and the space around the vehicle body in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system with different numbers of vehicles travelling on the bridge deck are analyzed. The vibration response characteristics of the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system are analyzed. The vehicle safety in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system is evaluated. The vehicle in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system is subjected to the wind load at different wind deflection angles. The distribution law of the space flow field and the surface pressure around the car body, Considering the interaction between natural wind load and vehicle-bridge coupling system, the variation law of vehicle aerodynamic coefficient and its deviation angle with wind are obtained. The vehicle capsized and was on the road, In this paper, the critical wind speed of vehicle side slip under different conditions of wet, snow and ice is studied, and the lateral critical wind speed and the minimum critical wind speed of overturning and skidding hazard are compared. The methods used in the study and the conclusions obtained have reference value for vehicle safety evaluation in wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U441.3

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