【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的發(fā)展,港口經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用,貿(mào)易的順利完成離不開港口集疏運(yùn)系統(tǒng)的完善。暢通的集疏運(yùn)環(huán)境能大大降低港口、企業(yè)用戶的成本費(fèi)用,提高港口營運(yùn)效率,促進(jìn)客戶與港口的互利共贏。目前,隨著物流產(chǎn)業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)港口間的惡性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦劭陂g通過合理投資建設(shè)中轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)點(diǎn)和規(guī)模,達(dá)到系統(tǒng)總成本費(fèi)用最低、整體綜合效益最優(yōu)的動(dòng)態(tài)港口聯(lián)盟關(guān)系。如何從港口和用戶的雙層角度實(shí)現(xiàn)利益最大化,成為港口決策者必須面臨的抉擇。本文首先對(duì)港口集疏運(yùn)的基礎(chǔ)理論進(jìn)行概述,其次詳細(xì)分析了影響港口集疏運(yùn)的定量和定性因素,并對(duì)港口集疏運(yùn)優(yōu)化問題做了細(xì)致闡述,為構(gòu)建港口集疏運(yùn)優(yōu)化模型-雙層規(guī)劃模型做了鋪墊,然后通過對(duì)比分析上下層模型的相互關(guān)系確定決策變量,構(gòu)建了基于廣義費(fèi)用下的雙層規(guī)劃模型。上層為港口對(duì)中轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)點(diǎn)的投資決策模型、下層為用戶在既有的中轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)點(diǎn)下的自主選擇路徑模型,以期達(dá)到通過合理投資建設(shè)中轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)點(diǎn),港口和用戶互相影響的最終結(jié)果是優(yōu)化集疏運(yùn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu),降低總物流成本,實(shí)現(xiàn)資源合理配置。采用Lingo 14.0軟件通過算例對(duì)模型進(jìn)行可行性和實(shí)用性的驗(yàn)證,并與港口單方面決策時(shí)的結(jié)果在運(yùn)輸方式比例,中轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)點(diǎn)投資決策及系統(tǒng)總費(fèi)用方面進(jìn)行對(duì)比,此外為了研究集疏運(yùn)方式運(yùn)力發(fā)展對(duì)港口集疏運(yùn)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,不僅利用算例進(jìn)行模型可行性驗(yàn)證,同時(shí)通過釋放所有運(yùn)力約束,釋放公路運(yùn)力約束和釋放鐵路運(yùn)力約束下的結(jié)果與釋放運(yùn)力約束前作對(duì)比分析,提出對(duì)以后集疏運(yùn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展、中轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)點(diǎn)、港口建設(shè)的相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of world economic integration, port economic trade is playing a more and more important role. The smooth completion of trade can not be separated from the perfection of port transportation system. The unblocked transportation environment can greatly reduce the cost of the port, enterprise users, improve the efficiency of port operation, and promote mutual benefit between customers and ports. At present, with the rapid development of logistics industry, the vicious competition among traditional ports has been transformed into the transfer node and scale between ports through reasonable investment and construction, so as to achieve the lowest total cost of the system. The dynamic port alliance relationship with the best overall comprehensive benefit. How to maximize the benefits from both port and user is a choice that must be faced by port decision makers. In this paper, the basic theory of port transportation is summarized, then the quantitative and qualitative factors affecting port transportation are analyzed in detail, and the optimization of port transportation is elaborated in detail. A bilevel programming model based on generalized cost is constructed by comparing and analyzing the relationship between upper and lower layer models to determine the decision variables. The upper layer is the investment decision model of port to transit node, and the lower layer is the user's self-selecting path model under the existing transit node, in order to achieve the construction of transit node through reasonable investment. The final result of the interaction between port and user is to optimize the network structure of distribution, reduce the total logistics cost and realize the rational allocation of resources. The feasibility and practicability of the model are verified by Lingo 14.0 software, and compared with the results of port unilateral decision in terms of transportation mode ratio, transfer node investment decision and total system cost. In addition, in order to study the influence of the development of transportation mode on the port transportation structure, not only the feasibility of the model is verified by using a numerical example, but also all the constraints of transportation capacity are released at the same time. The results of releasing highway capacity constraint and releasing railway transportation capacity constraint are compared with those before releasing transportation capacity constraint, and some suggestions on the development of collecting and distributing network, transit node and port construction are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U116;U695.2

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