【摘要】：隨著我國高速鐵路事業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,為使車站盡量靠近城市,出現(xiàn)了較多下穿城市的大斷面鐵路隧道,特別是城市附近有河流、湖泊時(shí),需要修建下穿的水下隧道。如果在隧道施工和運(yùn)營中,任憑地下水的流失和排放,必將造成城市地面的沉陷、甚至建(構(gòu))筑物的傾斜破壞等,也將對(duì)整個(gè)城市的生態(tài)環(huán)境造成重大影響,因此需要修建防水型隧道以減少或避免對(duì)城市環(huán)境的破壞。對(duì)于防水型隧道,盡管國內(nèi)外有一些相關(guān)研究,但僅限于個(gè)案,且目前行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)防水型隧道幾乎沒有相應(yīng)的規(guī)定和要求。基于以上背景,本論文對(duì)防水型隧道的結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算模式與設(shè)計(jì)方法展開較為深入細(xì)致的研究。 本論文從研究防水型隧道荷載作用模式入手,以理論分析、數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算以及現(xiàn)場測試為研究手段,對(duì)防水型隧道的結(jié)構(gòu)承載機(jī)理、水土壓力作用模式、地層抗力特征以及結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算模式進(jìn)行分析與研究,并通過試驗(yàn)研究了防水材料的性能指標(biāo)、施工工藝等,最終形成一套具有理論支撐的基于淺埋礦山法的防水型隧道設(shè)計(jì)方法。主要結(jié)論和成果如下： 一、提出了基于淺埋礦山法防水型隧道的二次襯砌荷載作用模式。對(duì)于石質(zhì)隧道,二次襯砌承受的垂直圍巖壓力按現(xiàn)行《鐵路隧道設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》計(jì)算,Ⅳ、V級(jí)圍巖地段應(yīng)考慮仰拱基底反力的主動(dòng)力作用,水平側(cè)壓力系數(shù)建議經(jīng)實(shí)測得到或取經(jīng)驗(yàn)值1.0-1.5,外水壓力按全水頭徑向作用在二次襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)上考慮；對(duì)于土質(zhì)隧道,二次襯砌承受的垂直土壓力同樣按現(xiàn)行《鐵路隧道設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》計(jì)算,并考慮仰拱基底反力的主動(dòng)力作用,水平側(cè)壓力根據(jù)土層的性質(zhì)分別采用水土分算或者水土合算原則,外水壓力根據(jù)地層條件按靜水壓力或水土合算考慮。 二、提出了防水型隧道的結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算模式。通過對(duì)防水型隧道三種計(jì)算模式的比較分析,得出防水型隧道的合理計(jì)算模式,即分別采用全周彈簧模型、全周彈簧+仰拱基底反力模型進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力計(jì)算分析,獲取最終的內(nèi)力包絡(luò)圖,按照最不利工況進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。 三、提出了防水型隧道水壓力的作用規(guī)律,得出了防水型隧道的合理設(shè)計(jì)方法。基于防水型隧道的結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算模式,通過數(shù)值計(jì)算及現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn),研究了地下水位變化對(duì)二次襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力的影響,說明了水位高低對(duì)隧道不同部位影響差異較大,應(yīng)采用施工和運(yùn)營期間可能出現(xiàn)的最高水位和最低水位分別對(duì)隧道進(jìn)行計(jì)算,提出了防水型隧道襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方法。 四、通過室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)及現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)手段,提出了用于防水型隧道的自粘型防水板的主要性能指標(biāo)并形成了防水型隧道的防水施工技術(shù)；引入“皮膚式”防水理念,防水型隧道采用自粘型防水板全環(huán)鋪設(shè),一道設(shè)防可以勝任較高防水要求。 本文提出的防水型隧道荷載作用模式、結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算模型、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方法以及防水技術(shù)措施成功應(yīng)用于武廣高速鐵路瀏陽河隧道、金沙洲隧道以及長沙市湘江大道瀏陽河隧道的設(shè)計(jì)與施工。目前這三座隧道均已投入運(yùn)營,從現(xiàn)場的監(jiān)測、驗(yàn)收評(píng)估以及運(yùn)營部門的反饋來看,所施作的防水型隧道總體防水效果較好,對(duì)周邊環(huán)境影響較小,能夠滿足長期運(yùn)營的要求,驗(yàn)證了研究成果的正確性,表明本文所提出的防水型隧道結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算模型與設(shè)計(jì)方法的合理性與可行性,可在有關(guān)規(guī)范修訂中納入,并在類似工程的建設(shè)中進(jìn)一步推廣。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's high-speed railway, in order to make the station close to the city as much as possible, a large section of railway tunnel, especially in the vicinity of the city, needs to be built under construction. In the construction and operation of the tunnel, the loss and discharge of groundwater will inevitably cause the subsidence of the ground of the city and even the inclination destruction of buildings (structures), which will have a great influence on the ecological environment of the whole city, it is therefore necessary to construct a waterproof tunnel to reduce or avoid damage to the urban environment. For waterproof tunnels, although there are some related researches at home and abroad, it is limited to cases, and there are almost no corresponding regulations and requirements for waterproof tunnels in the current industry standards. Based on the above background, this paper studies the structure calculation model and design method of waterproof tunnel. Based on the study of the model of waterproof tunnel load, the paper analyzes the structure bearing mechanism, water and soil pressure acting mode, stratum resistance characteristic and structure calculation model of waterproof tunnel with theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and on-site test as the research means. The performance index and construction technology of waterproof material are studied by experiment, and a set of waterproof tunnel design based on shallow buried mine method with theoretical support is finally formed. Methods. Main conclusions and outcomes The following conclusions are as follows: I put forward the secondary lining of waterproof tunnel based on shallow buried mine method. For the rock tunnel, the vertical surrounding rock pressure borne by the secondary lining shall be calculated according to the current Code for Design of Railway Tunnel> The main dynamic action of the inverted arch base reaction force shall be considered in the surrounding rock sections of Class IV and V. The horizontal lateral pressure coefficient shall be measured or taken as the experience value 1. 0-1.5, the external water pressure shall be considered in the secondary lining structure according to the radial effect of the full water head; for the soil tunnel, the vertical earth pressure borne by the secondary lining shall be calculated according to the current Code for Design of Railway Tunnel and consider the reaction force of the inverted arch base According to the nature of the soil layer, the main dynamic action and the horizontal lateral pressure shall be based on the principle of water-soil separation or water-soil conservation, and the external water pressure shall be based on hydrostatic pressure or water according to the formation conditions. it is cost-effective to consider. 2, a waterproof tunnel is put forward According to the comparison and analysis of three calculation modes of waterproof tunnel, the reasonable calculating mode of waterproof tunnel is obtained. The final internal force envelope diagram, according to the most unfavorable conditions The design of water-proof tunnel water pressure has been put forward. The reasonable design method of water type tunnel is based on the structure calculation model of waterproof tunnel. Through numerical calculation and field experiment, the influence of groundwater level change on the internal force of secondary lining structure is studied. The difference between different parts of the road is large, and the maximum water level and the lowest water level which may occur during construction and operation shall be calculated separately for the tunnel, and the waterproof type shall be put forward. According to the design method of tunnel lining structure, the main performance index of self-adhesive waterproof board for waterproof tunnel is put forward through indoor experiment and field test method, and waterproof construction technology of waterproof tunnel is formed; 鈥淪kin type鈥，

本文編號(hào)：2268094