【摘要】：當前國際上將公路安全評價性工作稱為道路安全審計。根據(jù)交通部實施的《公路項目安全性評價指南》中規(guī)定,公路安全性評價是公路建設和路面設計可行性方案的主要內(nèi)容,包括道路線形組合、交叉口、視距、交通設施等方面的交通安全評價。我國正處于經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期,交通基礎設施建設也隨著經(jīng)濟的迅速增長而進入了快速發(fā)展的時期,安全生產(chǎn)形勢十分嚴峻,高速公路建設過程中的安全事故和群死群傷事件時有發(fā)生,往往造成重大的社會影響,引起社會各界廣泛關(guān)注。通過對事故分析發(fā)現(xiàn),發(fā)生事故的工程項目均未對施工現(xiàn)場進行危險因素辨識及安全評價,無法正確判斷當前施工現(xiàn)場的安全管理狀態(tài),疏忽對事故隱患的防范,最終導致事故發(fā)生。因此,有必要將施工過程的安全生產(chǎn)評價作為公路工程安全評價的重要組成部分之一。高速公路橋梁施工項目具有差異性大、施工工藝復雜、不可預知性大等特點。為了控制橋梁施工現(xiàn)場的安全風險,預防施工事故的發(fā)生,結(jié)合京包高速公路第二標段橋梁工程的實際情況,提出了一種適合高速公路橋梁施工現(xiàn)場的安全評價方法。采用預先危險性分析法、作業(yè)條件危險性評價法對危險源辨識、危險源風險估測以及風險控制對策進行了研究;基于模糊數(shù)學理論,采用層次分析法確定了橋梁工程安全評價指標體系的權(quán)重,引入模糊綜合評價數(shù)學模型,對各橋梁施工現(xiàn)場的安全生產(chǎn)管理水平進行了比較,并對我國今后施工安全評價的發(fā)展趨勢進行了展望。這種定性結(jié)合定量的分析評價方法,適用于交通建設工程自身的特點,在工程中具有良好的實用價值,可以作為今后高速公路橋梁施工安全評價項目的參考案例,對提高公路施工安全管理水平有著重要的意義。
[Abstract]:At present, road safety evaluation work is called road safety audit. According to the guidelines for Safety Evaluation of Highway projects implemented by the Ministry of Communications, highway safety evaluation is the main content of feasibility schemes for highway construction and pavement design, including road alignment combinations, intersections, visual distances, etc. Traffic safety evaluation in traffic facilities and so on. Our country is in the important strategic opportunity period of economic development, transportation infrastructure construction has also entered the period of rapid development along with the rapid economic growth, the situation of safe production is very serious. During the process of highway construction, safety accidents and mass injuries often occur, which often cause great social impact and cause widespread concern. Through the analysis of the accident, it is found that none of the engineering projects in which the accident occurred has carried out the identification of the dangerous factors and the safety evaluation of the construction site, so it is unable to correctly judge the safety management state of the current construction site and neglect to guard against the hidden dangers of the accident. Eventually the accident occurred. Therefore, it is necessary to take the safety evaluation of construction process as one of the important components of highway engineering safety evaluation. Expressway bridge construction project has the characteristics of great difference, complex construction technology, unpredictable and so on. In order to control the safety risk of bridge construction site and prevent the occurrence of construction accident, a safety evaluation method suitable for the construction site of expressway bridge is put forward according to the actual situation of the second section of Beijing-Bao Expressway. Based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics, the risk identification, risk estimation and risk control strategy of risk sources are studied by using the method of pre-risk analysis and risk assessment of operating conditions. The weight of the safety evaluation index system of bridge engineering is determined by AHP, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation mathematical model is introduced to compare the safety production management level of each bridge construction site. The development trend of construction safety evaluation in China is prospected. This qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation method is suitable for the characteristics of the traffic construction project itself and has good practical value in the engineering. It can be used as a reference case of the highway bridge construction safety evaluation project in the future. It is of great significance to improve the safety management level of highway construction.
【學位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U445

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