【摘要】：近年來(lái),“路怒癥”作為駕駛過(guò)程中典型的負(fù)面情緒已經(jīng)成為了駕駛?cè)巳后w的通病�！奥放爆F(xiàn)象越來(lái)越頻繁,給道路交通安全運(yùn)行帶來(lái)了巨大的隱患。由于憤怒不僅能干擾駕駛?cè)说淖⒁饬Α⒏兄芰σ约榜{駛能力,甚至?xí)䦟?dǎo)致攻擊性駕駛和道路暴力行為,增大了交通事故發(fā)生的概率,也對(duì)駕駛?cè)俗陨砗推渌缆肥褂谜叩陌踩斐蓸O大的威脅。且近年來(lái),由于越來(lái)越多大客車交通事故的發(fā)生,職業(yè)駕駛?cè)说那榫w管理備受關(guān)注,解決高質(zhì)量職業(yè)駕駛?cè)巳藬?shù)短缺的問(wèn)題是十分必要的。因此,研究客運(yùn)駕駛?cè)说膽嵟卣?設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)施駕駛憤怒干預(yù)方案,制定憤怒情緒的管理方法與策略,對(duì)開發(fā)駕駛?cè)溯o助系統(tǒng),降低駕駛?cè)藨嵟约皽p少道路交通事故具有重要的意義。本文具體的研究?jī)?nèi)容為以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)建立了適用于我國(guó)客運(yùn)駕駛?cè)说鸟{駛憤怒量表,并且檢驗(yàn)了其信效度。通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)搜集及駕駛?cè)嗽L談的方式確定誘發(fā)駕駛?cè)藨嵟慕煌▓?chǎng)景,并進(jìn)行量表題項(xiàng)的收集;結(jié)合經(jīng)典駕駛憤怒量表,對(duì)題項(xiàng)進(jìn)行翻譯與討論,形成初始量表;檢驗(yàn)初始量表的信度和效度,最終確定量表為4個(gè)維度:無(wú)禮行為、交通阻礙、違規(guī)駕駛以及緩慢駕駛�？偭勘砗头至勘淼膬�(nèi)部一致性均達(dá)到0.72以上,且具有顯著的相關(guān)性,這表明建立的駕駛憤怒量表具有較高的可靠性。(2)分析了客運(yùn)駕駛?cè)说鸟{駛憤怒特征。運(yùn)用描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析客運(yùn)駕駛?cè)嗽诓煌煌▓?chǎng)景下的憤怒水平;研究客運(yùn)駕駛?cè)说娜丝趯W(xué)變量即年齡、駕齡與駕駛里程以及駕駛行為對(duì)駕駛憤怒的影響;探究人格特質(zhì)即A型行為傾向、特質(zhì)憤怒、憤怒表達(dá)與駕駛憤怒之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系,以及檢驗(yàn)A型行為傾向與非A型行為傾向,憤怒向外表達(dá)與憤怒向內(nèi)表達(dá)的駕駛?cè)嗽隈{駛憤怒體驗(yàn)上的差異性;進(jìn)一步將人口學(xué)變量、駕駛行為以及人格特質(zhì)等影響因素作為自變量,建立以駕駛憤怒為因變量的多元回歸模型,得出各變量對(duì)駕駛憤怒的預(yù)測(cè)效應(yīng)。(3)設(shè)計(jì)了駕駛憤怒干預(yù)方法,并檢驗(yàn)了干預(yù)方法的有效性。本研究在分析客運(yùn)駕駛?cè)藨嵟卣鞯幕A(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了兩種不同類型的駕駛憤怒干預(yù)方法,即認(rèn)知干預(yù)法和寬恕干預(yù)法。通過(guò)設(shè)置對(duì)照組,運(yùn)用單因素方差分析和獨(dú)立t檢驗(yàn)比較認(rèn)知組、寬恕組與對(duì)照組在憤怒情緒方面(駕駛憤怒、駕駛憤怒表達(dá)以及特質(zhì)憤怒)和情緒調(diào)控方面(憤怒控制和認(rèn)知情緒調(diào)節(jié))的差異性。結(jié)果表明兩種干預(yù)方法均具有良好的效果,且效果具有一定的持久性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, road rage, as a typical negative emotion in driving, has become a common problem among drivers. The phenomenon of road rage is becoming more and more frequent, which brings huge hidden trouble to road traffic safety operation. Anger not only interferes with a driver's attention, perception, and driving ability, but can even lead to aggressive driving and road violence, increasing the likelihood of traffic accidents. It also poses a great threat to the safety of the driver himself and other road users. In recent years, due to more and more bus traffic accidents, the emotional management of professional drivers has attracted much attention. It is necessary to solve the problem of the shortage of high-quality professional drivers. Therefore, we study the characteristics of passenger drivers' anger, design and implement the scheme of driving anger intervention, formulate the management methods and strategies of anger, and develop a driver's auxiliary system. Reducing driver anger and reducing road traffic accidents are important. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) A driving anger scale for passenger transport drivers in China is established and its reliability and validity are tested. Through the way of literature collection and driver interview, the traffic scene of inducing driver anger is determined, and the items of the scale are collected, and the items are translated and discussed in combination with the classical driving anger scale, and the initial scale is formed. The reliability and validity of the initial scale were tested, and the scale was determined to be four dimensions: rude behavior, traffic obstruction, illegal driving and slow driving. The internal consistency of the total scale and the component table is above 0.72, and there is a significant correlation, which indicates that the established driving anger scale has a high reliability. (2) the driving anger characteristics of the passenger drivers are analyzed. Using descriptive statistics to analyze the anger level of passenger transport drivers in different traffic scenarios, and to study the demographic variables of passenger drivers, that is, age, driving mileage and driving behavior, and the influence of driving behavior on driving anger. To explore the relationship between personality traits such as type A behavior disposition, trait anger, anger expression and driving anger, and to test the relationship between type A behavior tendency and non-A type behavior tendency. The difference in driving anger experience between drivers who express anger outwardly and inwards, and further regard demographic variables, driving behavior and personality traits as independent variables. A multivariate regression model with driving anger as dependent variable was established and the predictive effect of each variable on driving anger was obtained. (3) the intervention method of driving anger was designed and the effectiveness of the intervention method was tested. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of passenger drivers' anger, two different types of intervention methods, cognitive intervention and forgiveness intervention, were designed. By setting up control group, using univariate ANOVA and independent t test to compare cognitive group, forgiveness group and control group in terms of anger (driving anger, Differences between driving anger expression and trait anger and emotional regulation (anger control and cognitive emotion regulation). The results showed that the two intervention methods had good effect, and the effect was persistent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491.25

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