【摘要】：列車以不同速度通過橋梁時,其加載頻率生變化,當(dāng)此加載頻率與橋梁的自振頻率相同時,將引起強(qiáng)烈的振動,發(fā)生共振現(xiàn)象。隨著我國鐵路事業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,以及列車行駛速度的不斷提升,車橋共振問題比以往更受人們的關(guān)注。本文采用簡支梁在單個移動力,等間距移動荷載以及列車荷載作用下的豎向振動分析模型,推導(dǎo)出橋梁的振動響應(yīng)解析解,通過振動響應(yīng)分析,對橋梁以及車輛的共振問題進(jìn)行了深入探討,并對車橋系統(tǒng)豎向共振的影響因素做了進(jìn)一步分析。主要的研究工作以及結(jié)論如下:1.推導(dǎo)了考慮阻尼條件下的移動荷載列過橋動力位移及加速度響應(yīng)的解析解。分析了簡支梁在移動荷載列作用下的兩種共振反應(yīng)以及引起橋梁共振的列車臨界速度。2.以MATLAB為平臺,編制了移動荷載過橋過程的動力仿真計(jì)算程序,對共振情況下橋梁豎向振動響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了分析,探討了車橋共振過程中的放大機(jī)理。3.以典型高速鐵路車輛和橋梁為研究基礎(chǔ),對車橋系統(tǒng)豎向共振影響因素進(jìn)行了分析,分析結(jié)果表明:(1)當(dāng)列車以橋梁跨徑、車輛定距、轉(zhuǎn)向架固定軸距為荷載間距時所計(jì)算的臨界車速勻速行駛時,沒有發(fā)生共振現(xiàn)象,卻在以車輛長度為荷載間距時計(jì)算所得的臨界車速下發(fā)生了共振反應(yīng),證明了列車長度是車橋共振的主要影響因素;(2)橋梁的阻尼可以有效的減小列車-橋梁系統(tǒng)的共振響應(yīng);(3)驗(yàn)證了長距離的等跨橋梁中加布少量不同跨度的梁的布置方案對車輛共振幾乎沒有影響。(4)橋梁的剛度直接影響橋梁的自振頻率,隨著橋梁剛度的提高,橋梁跨中的振動響應(yīng)是逐漸減少的,且車橋的共振臨界速度是逐漸提高的。因此在經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的范圍內(nèi)提高橋梁剛度,可以避免前幾次主要的共振臨界車速出現(xiàn)在正常營運(yùn)速度內(nèi),且減少橋梁的豎向振動響應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:When the train passes through the bridge at different speeds, the loading frequency changes. When the loading frequency is the same as the natural vibration frequency of the bridge, it will cause strong vibration and resonance phenomenon. With the rapid development of China's railway industry and the continuous improvement of train speed, the bridge resonance problem has attracted more attention than ever before. In this paper, the analytical solution of bridge vibration response is derived by using the vertical vibration analysis model of simply supported beam under single moving force, equal distance moving load and train load. The problem of bridge and vehicle resonance is discussed, and the factors influencing the vertical resonance of vehicle-bridge system are further analyzed. The main research work and conclusions are as follows: 1. The analytical solution of the dynamic displacement and acceleration response of a moving load train bridge with damping is derived. Two kinds of resonance responses of simply supported beam under moving load series and the critical speed of train caused by bridge resonance are analyzed. Based on MATLAB, a dynamic simulation program for bridge crossing with moving load is developed. The vertical vibration response of bridge under resonance is analyzed, and the amplification mechanism of vehicle-bridge resonance is discussed. Based on the research of typical high-speed railway vehicles and bridges, the factors affecting vertical resonance of vehicle-bridge system are analyzed. The results show that: (1) when the train spans the bridge, the vehicle is fixed. When the calculated critical speed of bogie with fixed wheelbase is load spacing, there is no resonance phenomenon, but the resonance reaction occurs at the critical speed calculated when the vehicle length is the load spacing. It is proved that the train length is the main factor affecting the bridge resonance, (2) the damping of the bridge can effectively reduce the resonance response of the train-bridge system, and (3) the arrangement of a small number of beams with different spans is verified in the long distance equal-span bridges. The scheme has little effect on the vehicle resonance. (4) the stiffness of the bridge directly affects the natural vibration frequency of the bridge. With the increase of bridge stiffness, the vibration response of bridge is gradually reduced, and the critical velocity of bridge resonance is gradually increased. Therefore, increasing the stiffness of the bridge within a reasonable economic range can avoid the occurrence of the main resonant critical speed in the normal operating speed and reduce the vertical vibration response of the bridge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U441.3;U211.3

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