【摘要】：伴隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,我國橋梁總數(shù)不斷增加,橋梁的安全狀況越來越受到重視。我國的橋梁大多為混凝土橋梁,隨著使用年限的增加,受諸多因素的影響,會自然老化并產(chǎn)生結(jié)構(gòu)損傷。橋梁的健康問題往往集中于橋梁的底部,這給橋梁的檢修帶來了困難。傳統(tǒng)橋底檢測作業(yè)平臺中,采用吊籃和搭建腳手架,作業(yè)效率都非常低;橋梁檢測車檢測效率比較高,但價格非常昂貴,國內(nèi)剛剛起步,技術(shù)水平和產(chǎn)品的多元化也與國外有一定差距。因此如何在保證橋底檢測作業(yè)平臺作業(yè)效率的同時,降低經(jīng)濟成本,不僅能開闊市場前景,而且對于完善特種作業(yè)設備的設計理論有重要意義。本文以常見的雙向四車道橋梁作為主要的檢測對象,根據(jù)作業(yè)要求和功能要求,開發(fā)了一種橋底檢測作業(yè)平臺,既可以降低經(jīng)濟成本,又能夠繞過橋墩,實現(xiàn)順橋方向的連續(xù)作業(yè),保證較高的作業(yè)效率。首先確定了總體方案,對橋底檢測作業(yè)平臺各部件的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能實現(xiàn)方式,進行詳細的設計,在Pro/E中建立橋底檢測作業(yè)平臺的三維模型。對橋底檢測作業(yè)平臺的液壓系統(tǒng)進行了分析研究,根據(jù)各執(zhí)行動作的不同,確定了平衡回路和緩沖回路的實施方案,擬定了系統(tǒng)的液壓原理圖。確定橋底檢測作業(yè)平臺液壓系統(tǒng)的工作壓力,根據(jù)負載不同,對液壓元件的參數(shù)匹配進行了分析。利用有限元軟件,通過對臂架系統(tǒng)進行靜力學分析,檢驗結(jié)構(gòu)強度和位移變形是符合要求;通過對臂架系統(tǒng)進行模態(tài)分析,得到各階固有頻率和振型,找到振動危險部位,判斷有無共振危險,為優(yōu)化處理提供依據(jù)。在ADAMS軟件中建立虛擬樣機,進行運動仿真分析,記錄臂架系統(tǒng)質(zhì)心軌跡圖,并以此進行穩(wěn)定性分析,保證不發(fā)生傾覆危險;通過動力學分析,得到了關鍵鉸鏈和回轉(zhuǎn)支撐的受力曲線圖,分析了不同階段的受力特點和方式,是后續(xù)進行優(yōu)化的重要理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the total number of bridges in our country is increasing, and the safety of bridges is paid more and more attention. Most bridges in our country are concrete bridges. With the increase of service life and the influence of many factors, natural aging and structural damage will occur. Bridge health problems often focus on the bottom of the bridge, which brings difficulties to bridge maintenance. In the traditional bridge bottom detection platform, the operation efficiency is very low by using hanging basket and scaffolding. The bridge detection vehicle has high detection efficiency, but the price is very expensive. The technology level and product diversification also have certain disparity with the foreign country. Therefore, how to ensure the efficiency of the bridge bottom detection platform and reduce the economic cost can not only open up the market prospects, but also have important significance to improve the design theory of special operation equipment. In this paper, the common two-way four-lane bridge as the main detection object, according to the operational requirements and functional requirements, a bridge bottom detection platform is developed, which can not only reduce the economic cost, but also bypass the pier. Realize the continuous operation in the direction of the bridge, and ensure higher working efficiency. Firstly, the overall scheme is determined, and the structure and function of each component of the bridge bottom detection platform are designed in detail, and the 3D model of the bridge bottom detection platform is established in Pro/E. The hydraulic system of the bridge bottom detection platform is analyzed and studied. According to the different execution actions, the implementation scheme of the balance loop and the buffer circuit is determined, and the hydraulic principle diagram of the system is drawn up. The working pressure of the hydraulic system of the bridge bottom detection platform is determined. The parameter matching of the hydraulic components is analyzed according to the different loads. By using the finite element software, the static analysis of the boom system is carried out to verify that the structural strength and displacement and deformation meet the requirements, and through modal analysis of the boom system, the natural frequencies and modes of each order are obtained, and the dangerous parts of vibration are found. To judge whether there is any risk of resonance and to provide the basis for optimal treatment. The virtual prototype is built in ADAMS software, the motion simulation analysis is carried out, the trajectory diagram of the center of mass of the arm system is recorded, and the stability analysis is carried out to ensure that there is no overturning danger. The stress curves of key hinges and rotary braces are obtained, and the stress characteristics and modes of different stages are analyzed, which is an important theoretical basis for subsequent optimization.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U446

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