考慮碳排放權(quán)交易的純電動公交車經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度策略研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-18 17:09
【摘要】：汽車工業(yè)的發(fā)展給人們的生活帶來極大便利的同時也帶來了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染,世界各國把推廣公共交通事業(yè)作為解決這一問題的重要手段。公交車在現(xiàn)代城市公共交通系統(tǒng)中占有很大比例,但傳統(tǒng)能源公交車排放的尾氣成為城市空氣污染物的重要來源。純電動公交車以其在行駛過程中平穩(wěn)、噪音低、“零排放”等優(yōu)點受到了廣泛的青睞。但是如果考慮全生命周期中產(chǎn)生于電力生產(chǎn)過程的溫室氣體排放,純電動公交車在運(yùn)營中的碳排放量遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)到所謂的“零排放”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因此,制定合理的經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度方案,實現(xiàn)純電動公交車運(yùn)營過程中的碳減排量最大化,對于正確制定新能源公交車推廣與運(yùn)營政策,緩解我國城市交通擁堵和環(huán)境惡化的現(xiàn)狀,具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文回顧了各類新能源公交車,特別是純電動公交車的技術(shù)特點。根據(jù)國家發(fā)改委發(fā)布的“國家溫室氣體自愿減排方法學(xué)”,探討了純電動公交車項目碳減排量的核算方法,并提出一種考慮碳收益的公交車綜合成本計算方法。本文在分析單線調(diào)度的基礎(chǔ)上,重點研究了純電動公交車的區(qū)域調(diào)度模式,并以運(yùn)營車輛數(shù)最小化、空駛距離最小化、碳收益最大化為目標(biāo),建立了一類考慮碳收益的純電動公交車區(qū)域調(diào)度多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型。本文以淄博市136路和139路純電動公交車實際運(yùn)營數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)模型特點,運(yùn)用改進(jìn)的粒子群算法求解了純電動公交車區(qū)域調(diào)度問題。通過對單線調(diào)度和區(qū)域調(diào)度綜合運(yùn)營成本的比較表明,在成本目標(biāo)函數(shù)中引入碳收益之后可以減少純電動公交車運(yùn)營成本,減少的程度取決于碳交易的價格;采用區(qū)域調(diào)度模式在減少車輛使用數(shù)量的同時,會增加一部分空駛里程,但是由于空駛成本相對來說較小,車輛成本減少的部分能夠抵消空駛里程增加的成本�？傮w而言,在考慮碳收益的前提下純電動公交車采用區(qū)域調(diào)度模式具有較好經(jīng)濟(jì)性,更加有利于純電動公交車的推廣。
[Abstract]:The development of automobile industry not only brings great convenience to people's life, but also brings serious environmental pollution. Countries all over the world take the promotion of public transportation as an important means to solve this problem. Buses account for a large proportion of modern urban public transport systems, but the exhaust emissions from traditional energy buses have become an important source of urban air pollutants. Pure electric bus is favored for its advantages of smooth running, low noise, zero emission and so on. But taking into account the greenhouse gas emissions generated in the entire life cycle of electricity production, the operating carbon emissions of pure electric buses fall far short of the so-called "zero emission" standard. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a reasonable economic scheduling scheme to maximize the carbon emission reduction in the operation of pure electric buses, to correctly formulate the promotion and operation policies of new energy buses, and to alleviate the current situation of urban traffic congestion and environmental degradation in China. It has important practical significance. This paper reviews the technical characteristics of various new energy buses, especially pure electric buses. According to the National greenhouse Gas voluntary emission reduction methodology issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, this paper discusses the calculation method of carbon abatement in pure electric bus projects, and puts forward a comprehensive cost calculation method for buses considering carbon benefits. Based on the analysis of single line scheduling, this paper focuses on the regional dispatching mode of pure electric bus, and aims at minimizing the number of vehicles, minimizing the empty distance and maximizing the carbon benefits. A multi-objective optimization model for regional dispatching of pure electric buses considering carbon benefits is established. Based on the actual operation data of 136 and 139 pure electric buses in Zibo city and according to the characteristics of the model, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the regional scheduling problem of pure electric buses. By comparing the cost of single line dispatching and regional dispatching, it is shown that the cost of pure electric bus can be reduced by introducing carbon gains into the cost objective function, and the degree of reduction depends on the price of carbon trading. Using the regional dispatching mode can reduce the number of vehicles and increase some of the empty mileage, but because the empty driving cost is relatively small, some of the vehicle cost reduction can offset the cost of the increase of the empty driving distance. On the whole, it is more economical to adopt the regional dispatching mode on the premise of carbon revenue, which is more beneficial to the promotion of pure electric bus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.17
本文編號：2190128
[Abstract]:The development of automobile industry not only brings great convenience to people's life, but also brings serious environmental pollution. Countries all over the world take the promotion of public transportation as an important means to solve this problem. Buses account for a large proportion of modern urban public transport systems, but the exhaust emissions from traditional energy buses have become an important source of urban air pollutants. Pure electric bus is favored for its advantages of smooth running, low noise, zero emission and so on. But taking into account the greenhouse gas emissions generated in the entire life cycle of electricity production, the operating carbon emissions of pure electric buses fall far short of the so-called "zero emission" standard. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a reasonable economic scheduling scheme to maximize the carbon emission reduction in the operation of pure electric buses, to correctly formulate the promotion and operation policies of new energy buses, and to alleviate the current situation of urban traffic congestion and environmental degradation in China. It has important practical significance. This paper reviews the technical characteristics of various new energy buses, especially pure electric buses. According to the National greenhouse Gas voluntary emission reduction methodology issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, this paper discusses the calculation method of carbon abatement in pure electric bus projects, and puts forward a comprehensive cost calculation method for buses considering carbon benefits. Based on the analysis of single line scheduling, this paper focuses on the regional dispatching mode of pure electric bus, and aims at minimizing the number of vehicles, minimizing the empty distance and maximizing the carbon benefits. A multi-objective optimization model for regional dispatching of pure electric buses considering carbon benefits is established. Based on the actual operation data of 136 and 139 pure electric buses in Zibo city and according to the characteristics of the model, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the regional scheduling problem of pure electric buses. By comparing the cost of single line dispatching and regional dispatching, it is shown that the cost of pure electric bus can be reduced by introducing carbon gains into the cost objective function, and the degree of reduction depends on the price of carbon trading. Using the regional dispatching mode can reduce the number of vehicles and increase some of the empty mileage, but because the empty driving cost is relatively small, some of the vehicle cost reduction can offset the cost of the increase of the empty driving distance. On the whole, it is more economical to adopt the regional dispatching mode on the premise of carbon revenue, which is more beneficial to the promotion of pure electric bus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.17
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 王任;曲衛(wèi)迎;;無線充電技術(shù)及其在電動汽車上的應(yīng)用初探[J];科技創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)報;2010年29期
，本文編號：2190128
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/daoluqiaoliang/2190128.html
教材專著
