【摘要】：隨著城市化進(jìn)程的不斷加快,交通擁堵已成為城市面臨的主要社會問題之一。交通擁堵會制約城市的發(fā)展,增加不必要的社會出行成本,引起城市經(jīng)濟(jì)的大量損失。因此實(shí)時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確的判斷道路運(yùn)行狀態(tài)以及長時(shí)間連續(xù)地監(jiān)控道路運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的變化規(guī)律,對制定更加合理的交通道路管理策略具有顯著意義。故本文基于以上背景,運(yùn)用滴滴�？燔囓壽E數(shù)據(jù),利用地圖匹配技術(shù),從點(diǎn)線面三個(gè)層次建立城市道路運(yùn)行狀態(tài)評價(jià)體系,使用C#編程語言,搭建城市交通運(yùn)行狀態(tài)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。本文首先介紹所使用的滴滴車輛軌跡數(shù)據(jù)的結(jié)構(gòu)與范圍,并對原始數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,其中包括軌跡坐標(biāo)的轉(zhuǎn)換和對壞點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)的剔除與插值。其次介紹了地圖匹配的常用算法和本文所使用的垂線投影法與歷史軌跡校核法,綜合利用垂線投影法簡單高效和歷史軌跡校核法準(zhǔn)確度高的特點(diǎn),本文所采用的綜合地圖匹配算法具有較高匹配效率和較低匹配誤差的優(yōu)勢。再次,根據(jù)滴滴車輛軌跡數(shù)據(jù)對一條城市道路的交通流特性進(jìn)行具體分析,給出道路車流量、速度、密度的變化,以及三者的關(guān)系,并對比工作日與非工作日交通流特性的變化,以及早晚高峰對交通流特性的影響。然后,從點(diǎn)線面三個(gè)層次,劃分不同道路等級,使用道路流量,對不同等級的道路賦予不同的權(quán)重,并以延誤指數(shù)為評價(jià)指標(biāo),來綜合評價(jià)路網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。其中,點(diǎn)層次是指單一路段的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)評價(jià);線層次是指不同等級的道路運(yùn)行狀態(tài)評價(jià);面層次是指一定區(qū)域范圍內(nèi)的路網(wǎng)整體運(yùn)行狀態(tài)評價(jià)。最后依據(jù)地圖匹配方法和道路運(yùn)行狀態(tài)評價(jià)方法,在.Net平臺上,通過C#編程語言,結(jié)合ArcEngine組件庫,搭建出交通運(yùn)行狀態(tài)評價(jià)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),對路網(wǎng)中所有道路進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,進(jìn)而評價(jià)某一路段、某等級道路或某區(qū)域路網(wǎng)的交通運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization, traffic congestion has become one of the main social problems faced by cities. Traffic jams will restrict the development of cities, increase unnecessary social travel costs, and cause a lot of losses in urban economy. Therefore the real-time and accurate judgment of the road running state and the continuous monitoring of the changing law of the road running state for a long time have significant significance to the formulation of more reasonable traffic road management strategy. Therefore, based on the above background, using Didi special express track data, using map matching technology, the evaluation system of urban road running state is established from three levels of point, line and surface, and the C # programming language is used. Set up the real-time monitoring system of urban traffic running state. This paper first introduces the structure and range of the Didi vehicle track data, and preprocesses the original data, including the transformation of trace coordinates and the elimination and interpolation of bad point data. Secondly, it introduces the common algorithms of map matching, the vertical projection method and the historical track checking method, which are used in this paper, and makes comprehensive use of the characteristics of the vertical projection method which is simple and efficient and the historical track checking method with high accuracy. The synthetic map matching algorithm adopted in this paper has the advantages of high matching efficiency and low matching error. Thirdly, according to Didi's vehicle track data, the characteristics of traffic flow on a city road are analyzed in detail, and the changes of traffic flow, speed, density and the relationship among them are given. The change of traffic flow characteristics between working day and non-working day and the influence of morning and evening rush hour on traffic flow characteristics are compared. Then, from three levels of point line, different road grade is divided, road flow is used, different weight is given to different grade road, and delay index is taken as evaluation index to evaluate the running state of road network synthetically. Among them, the point level refers to a single section of the operation state evaluation; line level refers to different levels of road operation state evaluation; plane level refers to a certain area within the overall operation of the road network state evaluation. Finally, according to map matching method and road running state evaluation method, on the platform of. Net, through C # programming language, combined with ArcEngine component library, a real time monitoring system of traffic running state evaluation is built, and all roads in the road network are monitored in real time. And then evaluate the traffic running state of a certain section, a certain grade road or a regional road network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：2169468