發(fā)布時間：2018-07-02 22:54

  本文選題：城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 交通運行效率��； 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今城市擁堵問題越來越受到重視,在新建道路交通設(shè)施已經(jīng)被證實不是解決擁堵問題的最佳手段的情況下,提高現(xiàn)有道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的利用效率變得更為重要。評價道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)效率的眾多指標(biāo)中,可達性是一項綜合指標(biāo),反映了路網(wǎng)交通聯(lián)系的便捷程度,對城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)總體性能評價起著重要的作用。國內(nèi)外關(guān)于可達性的研究以及應(yīng)用已經(jīng)有豐富成果,但缺乏對于道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)可達性與交通擁堵之間的定量關(guān)系的研究。基于此,本文研究城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可達性指標(biāo),分析可達性與交通狀態(tài)之間的相互影響,對提高路網(wǎng)運行效率,緩解城市交通擁堵問題進行探討。本文首先對已有的研究中可達性的定義、影響因素以及常用的評價模型等進行總結(jié),然后選擇合適的參數(shù),建立了以行程時間為基準(zhǔn)的城市網(wǎng)絡(luò)可達性計算模型,以便分析可達性對交通狀態(tài)的影響�？紤]到不同規(guī)模和形式的網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間可達性難以比較,而路網(wǎng)的連接情況及結(jié)構(gòu)形式等又對可達性有著直接而顯著的影響,提出了相對可達性概念,為評價不同結(jié)構(gòu)和形狀的道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的運行效能提供了一種比較適宜的方法。針對城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的交通狀態(tài)研究,首先明確了交通狀態(tài)評價的內(nèi)涵,確定了交通狀態(tài)的關(guān)鍵影響參數(shù),然后從交叉口和路段交通狀態(tài)的角度定義了一種交通狀態(tài)系數(shù)——擁擠度,用以探究路網(wǎng)的交通狀態(tài)。根據(jù)交通狀態(tài)與飽和度、服務(wù)水平之間的關(guān)系,確定了不同交通狀態(tài)下?lián)頂D度的臨界值,并對該模型適用性進行了分析。最后以西安市高新區(qū)的部分道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)為實例,從可達性及連通性等方面對路網(wǎng)狀態(tài)進行了分析和評價,判別路網(wǎng)交通狀態(tài)的穩(wěn)定性;對現(xiàn)狀路網(wǎng)中節(jié)點的可達性和擁擠度之間的定量關(guān)系進行了研究,得到了一定的數(shù)量關(guān)系,然后通過多種方案進一步確認了兩者之間存在著負相關(guān)關(guān)系;分析實施新方案前后可達性和路網(wǎng)狀態(tài)的變化情況,驗證了新方案能夠提高路網(wǎng)運行效率,對于交通管理者制定交通對策和措施有一定的參考作用。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more attention has been paid to the problem of urban congestion. It is more important to improve the utilization efficiency of existing road networks when new road traffic facilities have been proved to be the best means to solve congestion problems. Among the many indexes to evaluate the efficiency of road network, accessibility is a comprehensive index, which reflects the convenient degree of road network traffic connection, and plays an important role in evaluating the overall performance of urban road network. There have been many achievements in the research and application of accessibility at home and abroad, but there is no quantitative research on the relationship between accessibility and traffic congestion. Based on this, this paper studies the accessibility index of urban road network, analyzes the interaction between accessibility and traffic state, and discusses how to improve the efficiency of road network and alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion. In this paper, the definition of reachability, the influencing factors and the commonly used evaluation models are summarized, and then the urban network reachability calculation model based on travel time is established by selecting appropriate parameters. In order to analyze the impact of accessibility on traffic state. Considering that the accessibility of networks of different sizes and forms is difficult to compare, and that the connectivity and structural forms of road networks have a direct and significant impact on accessibility, the concept of relative reachability is put forward, It provides a more suitable method for evaluating the performance of road networks with different structures and shapes. Based on the study of traffic state of urban road network, the connotation of traffic state evaluation is defined, and the key parameters of traffic state are determined. Then, a traffic state coefficient, congestion degree, is defined from the point of view of intersection and section traffic state, which is used to study the traffic state of road network. According to the relationship between traffic state saturation and service level the critical value of congestion under different traffic conditions is determined and the applicability of the model is analyzed. Finally, taking part of the road network of Xi'an High-tech Zone as an example, the paper analyzes and evaluates the road network state from the aspects of accessibility and connectivity, and judges the stability of road network traffic state. The quantitative relationship between reachability and congestion of nodes in the current road network is studied, and a certain quantitative relationship is obtained, and then a negative correlation between them is further confirmed through various schemes. By analyzing the changes of reachability and road network state before and after the implementation of the new scheme, it is verified that the new scheme can improve the efficiency of road network operation and has a certain reference role for traffic managers to formulate traffic countermeasures and measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：2091212