本文選題：車橋耦合振動 + 動力響應(yīng)　； 參考：《山東科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾十年來,隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)水平的不斷提高,人類社會快速發(fā)展,高速鐵路系統(tǒng)得到迅猛發(fā)展,鐵路線路中的橋梁數(shù)量隨之增多,車輛的安全運行與橋梁的合理設(shè)計逐漸受到重視。當(dāng)車輛以一定的速度駛過橋梁時,會引起橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的振動,反之,橋梁的振動作用于車輛,又會影響車輛的振動,這樣,橋梁與橋上車輛便構(gòu)成了一個相互作用的系統(tǒng),研究這個系統(tǒng)對車、橋的安全性是有必要的。本文分別通過理論研究、縮尺模型試驗和數(shù)值模型分析,對車橋耦合振動系統(tǒng),但主要對橋梁子系統(tǒng)做了如下一些研究。(1)在做出一些假設(shè)的條件下,建立了 42自由度的列車空間多剛體動力學(xué)模型和橋梁的有限元模型,通過線性蠕滑理論和Hertz線性化理論建立了輪軌接觸模型,使用Newmark-β法進(jìn)行計算求解,通過其解的討論,得出通過減小時間步長的方法使其解收斂的方法;(2)以德龍煙線線路德州至大家洼段鐵路中一座64m單線鐵路鋼桁架橋為原型,自制1:48橋梁縮尺模型,用試驗的方法測量了橋梁的彈性模量和固有自振頻率。通過橋梁的動力試驗,控制列車模型過橋的速度,采集橋梁位移與加速度數(shù)據(jù),初步得出橋梁的動力響應(yīng)隨車輛過橋速度的增快而增大的結(jié)果;(3)使用有限元ANSYS軟件對上述橋梁建立有限元模型,首先與相應(yīng)的試驗數(shù)據(jù)做比對,得到合理的有限元模型,之后用此模型做一些參數(shù)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)橋梁動力響應(yīng)并非完全隨車速的增快而增大,并分析了其原因。接著進(jìn)行了參數(shù)分析,并得到以下結(jié)論:在一定范圍內(nèi),橋梁動力響應(yīng)隨彈性模量的增大而減小,超出此范圍時,橋梁動力響應(yīng)受彈性模量的影響甚微;阻尼比越大,橋梁的動力響應(yīng)值越小,但阻尼比對橋梁動力響應(yīng)影響程度較小;在彈性變形范圍內(nèi),橋梁動力響應(yīng)與列車荷載呈線性增長趨勢;當(dāng)列車總長度小于橋梁跨度時,橋梁動力響應(yīng)隨列車車廂數(shù)量的增加而增大,當(dāng)列車總長度大于橋梁跨度時,橋梁動力響應(yīng)增量將趨于平緩。(4)根據(jù)參數(shù)分析得出的結(jié)論,針對這些參數(shù),提出了一些列車安全行駛和保證橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)安全的措施,例如:合理選用鋼材,防止列車超載,設(shè)置阻尼器等方法,對橋梁實際工程與設(shè)計具有一定參考價值。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, with the development of science and technology, the rapid development of human society, the rapid development of high-speed railway system, the number of bridges in railway lines has increased. The safe operation of vehicles and the reasonable design of bridges have been paid more and more attention. When a vehicle passes a bridge at a certain speed, it will cause the vibration of the bridge structure. On the contrary, the vibration of the bridge acts on the vehicle, which will affect the vibration of the vehicle. In this way, the bridge and the vehicle on the bridge will form an interactive system. It is necessary to study the safety of this system for vehicles and bridges. In this paper, through theoretical research, scale model test and numerical model analysis, the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system is studied respectively, but the bridge subsystem is mainly studied as follows. 1) under some hypothetical conditions, A 42-DOF multi-rigid body dynamics model in train space and a finite element model of bridge are established. The wheel-rail contact model is established by linear creep theory and Hertz linearization theory, and is solved by Newmark- 尾 method. It is concluded that the solution converges by reducing the time step size.) taking a 64m single-track railway steel truss bridge in the Dezhou to Dajiawa railway line as the prototype, the 1:48 bridge scale model is made. The elastic modulus and natural vibration frequency of the bridge are measured by means of experiments. Through the dynamic test of the bridge, the speed of the train model crossing the bridge is controlled, and the displacement and acceleration data of the bridge are collected. The results show that the dynamic response of the bridge increases with the increase of the speed of the vehicle crossing the bridge. The finite element model of the bridge is established by using the finite element ANSYS software. At first, a reasonable finite element model is obtained by comparing with the corresponding experimental data. By using this model, it is found that the dynamic response of the bridge does not increase completely with the increase of speed, and the reasons are analyzed. Then the parameter analysis is carried out, and the following conclusions are obtained: in a certain range, the dynamic response of the bridge decreases with the increase of the elastic modulus, beyond which the dynamic response of the bridge is little affected by the elastic modulus, and the damping ratio is larger. The smaller the dynamic response of the bridge is, the smaller the influence of the damping ratio on the dynamic response of the bridge is. In the elastic deformation range, the dynamic response of the bridge and the train load are linearly increasing; when the total length of the train is less than the span of the bridge, The dynamic response of the bridge increases with the increase of the number of train compartments. When the total length of the train is larger than the span of the bridge, the increment of the dynamic response of the bridge will tend to be flat. Some measures for safe running of trains and safety of bridge structures are put forward, such as reasonable selection of steel, prevention of train overload, installation of dampers and so on, which have certain reference value for practical engineering and design of bridges.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U441.3;U211.3

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本文編號：1974755