本文選題：山嶺公路隧道 + 風(fēng)險評估�。� 參考：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：山嶺公路隧道工程具有環(huán)境影響大、施工周期長、不可預(yù)見因素多、投資金額大、施工難度高等特點,所以山嶺公路隧道工程是一項具有高風(fēng)險的建設(shè)項目。為了更好的配合我國各地方經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,使山區(qū)人民出行更加便利,我國政府加大了對山區(qū)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的投入力度,這幾年中,山區(qū)公路的修建無論從建設(shè)數(shù)量,修建規(guī)模,還是技術(shù)難度都有了較大的提升;山區(qū)公路的建設(shè)必然要“穿山越嶺”修建隧道,而近些年來由于隧道修建產(chǎn)生的施工事故給我們國家和人民帶來了較為嚴(yán)重的財產(chǎn)損失、環(huán)境破壞和人員傷亡,這些都是人們所極其不愿見到的;因此開展隧道施工安全風(fēng)險評估研究工作便顯得非常重要與緊迫。本文從以下幾個方面開展研究:(1)采用改進(jìn)的模糊層次綜合評判法開展隧道整體風(fēng)險評估研究。本文將山嶺隧道施工安全風(fēng)險評估從具體研究內(nèi)容上分為整體和局部兩個大的方向,即隧道整體風(fēng)險評估與重大風(fēng)險源的風(fēng)險評估。針對隧道整體風(fēng)險評估研究特征及工程應(yīng)用特點,本文對傳統(tǒng)的模糊層次綜合評判法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),將傳統(tǒng)方法中運用層次分析法求取指標(biāo)權(quán)重以模糊層次分析法來代替實現(xiàn),此改進(jìn)措施有以下兩優(yōu)點:一是免去了層次分析法中判斷矩陣一致性的檢驗,使計算難度和計算量大為減少;二是使用模糊判斷一致矩陣符合人們思考問題的邏輯,便于推廣應(yīng)用。以改進(jìn)的模糊層次綜合評判法為核心確立了整體風(fēng)險評估的一般研究模式,即采用改進(jìn)的模糊層次綜合評判法和事故損失當(dāng)量估計法,分別求取整體風(fēng)險發(fā)生概率等級和事故損失等級,并通過R?P?C法,將以上兩種方法結(jié)合在一起,最終得出隧道整體風(fēng)險評估等級。(2)將功效系數(shù)法引入到隧道風(fēng)險評估研究當(dāng)中,并重點應(yīng)用于隧道重大風(fēng)險源的風(fēng)險評估。功效系數(shù)法可以解決隧道風(fēng)險評估中評價指標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不統(tǒng)一,量化困難,計算繁瑣等難題。本文利用功效系數(shù)法的優(yōu)點,建立了隧道重大風(fēng)險源的風(fēng)險評估研究模型,并明確了指標(biāo)評價體系的建立原則和主體思想�；诠π禂�(shù)法的計算原理和內(nèi)涵,確立了進(jìn)行隧道重大風(fēng)險源風(fēng)險評估的一般步驟和取值原則,得出風(fēng)險發(fā)生概率等級。最后從功效系數(shù)法的優(yōu)越性、可操作性、實用性三個方面對其應(yīng)用于隧道風(fēng)險評估的可行性進(jìn)行論證。(3)利用本文的研究成果,以高速公路項目“鄖縣至十堰高速公路大華山隧道”為工程案例進(jìn)行應(yīng)用研究。在大華山隧道整體風(fēng)險評估中,本文確立了基于人-機-環(huán)境-管理系統(tǒng)的多級結(jié)構(gòu)評價指標(biāo)體系,識別結(jié)果多達(dá)17類。通過改進(jìn)的模糊層次綜合評判法,得出大華山隧道整體風(fēng)險模糊估計等級為IV級;基于當(dāng)量估計法,得出整體風(fēng)險發(fā)生后果等級為C級,并最終得到大華山的整體風(fēng)險等級為四級。在大華山隧道重大風(fēng)險源風(fēng)險評估中,通過逐段評估的方式,基于功效系數(shù)法對塌方風(fēng)險和涌水突泥風(fēng)險分別建立相應(yīng)的風(fēng)險評價指標(biāo)體系,并分別得出其相應(yīng)的風(fēng)險等級為IV級和III級,最終確定出大華山隧道重大風(fēng)險源風(fēng)險等級為IV級,通過與工程實際情況和傳統(tǒng)方法進(jìn)行對比,驗證了此方法的有效性。結(jié)合以上研究,給出大華山隧道施工風(fēng)險控制措施。
[Abstract]:Mountain highway tunnel project has great environmental impact, long construction period, many unforeseeable factors, large amount of investment and high difficulty in construction. So mountain highway tunnel project is a high risk construction project. In order to better cooperate with local economic development in our country and make the mountain people travel more convenient, the government of our country is increasing. In the past few years, the construction of mountain highways has greatly improved from the number of construction, the scale of construction, and the technical difficulty. The construction of the mountain road is bound to build a tunnel through the mountains and mountains. In recent years, the construction accidents caused by the construction of the tunnel are given to our country and the people. There are more serious property losses, environmental damage and casualties, which are extremely unwilling to be seen. Therefore, it is very important and urgent to carry out the research on the risk assessment of tunnel construction safety. The following aspects are carried out in this paper: (1) the overall wind of the tunnel is carried out by the improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. This paper divides the risk assessment of mountain tunnel construction safety into two large and local directions from the specific research content, that is, the overall risk assessment and the risk assessment of the major risk sources. In view of the characteristics of the overall risk assessment and the engineering application characteristics of the tunnel, the traditional fuzzy hierarchical comprehensive evaluation method is introduced. The improvement is made by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in the traditional method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to replace the realization. The improvement measures have the following two advantages: first, it is free from the test of the consistency of the judgement matrix in the analytic hierarchy process, which makes the calculation difficulty and the amount of calculation greatly reduced; and the two is to use the fuzzy judgement consistent matrix to conforms to people's thought. The general research mode of overall risk assessment is established at the core of the improved fuzzy hierarchical comprehensive evaluation method. That is, the improved fuzzy hierarchical comprehensive evaluation method and the accident loss equivalent estimation method are adopted to obtain the overall risk probability grade and the accident loss grade respectively, and the R P? C method will be used. The two methods are combined together to finally get the overall risk assessment level of the tunnel. (2) the efficiency coefficient method is introduced into the study of tunnel risk assessment, and it is mainly applied to the risk assessment of tunnel major risk sources. The efficiency coefficient method can solve the difficulty of evaluating the standard standard of the tunnel risk assessment, difficult to quantify, complicated and difficult to calculate. Using the advantages of the efficiency coefficient method, this paper establishes the risk assessment model of the major risk sources of the tunnel, and clarifies the principles and main ideas of the establishment of the index evaluation system. Based on the principle and connotation of the efficiency coefficient method, the general steps and principles for the risk assessment of the major risk sources of the tunnel are established, and the risk is obtained. In the end, the feasibility of its application in tunnel risk assessment is demonstrated in the three aspects of the superiority, operability and practicability of the efficiency coefficient method. (3) using the research results of this paper, the application of the expressway project "Yunxian to Shiyan highway big Huashan tunnel" is applied to the project of the great Huashan tunnel. In the overall risk assessment of Tao, this paper establishes the multi-level structure evaluation index system based on human machine environment management system, and the results are as many as 17 categories. Through the improved fuzzy hierarchical comprehensive evaluation method, the overall risk fuzzy estimation level of the Huashan tunnel is IV grade. Based on the equivalent estimation method, the overall risk result grade is C class. Finally, the overall risk level of the big Huashan is four. In the major risk assessment of the big Huashan tunnel, the corresponding risk evaluation index system is established on the landslide risk and the gushing mud risk by the efficiency coefficient method, and the corresponding risk grade is IV and III grade respectively. The risk level of major risk source in Huashan tunnel is determined to be IV grade. By comparing with the actual situation of engineering and the traditional method, the validity of this method is verified. Combined with the above research, the risk control measures for the construction of the big Huashan tunnel are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U455.1

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本文編號：1955741