本文選題：空心高墩 + 計算長度��； 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的迅速發(fā)展,各類公路、鐵路橋梁如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)。在山區(qū)及河流流經(jīng)地區(qū)需要修建大量高墩橋梁,而空心橋墩因其優(yōu)良的結(jié)構(gòu)性能和較低的造價得到廣泛使用。與此同時我國的橋梁施工技術(shù)也取得了巨大進步,大型造橋機械的使用使得大型橋梁的建設(shè)更加經(jīng)濟、快捷。本文以某鐵路橋梁造橋機施工過程為例,通過公式和有限元方法研究空心橋墩在造橋機施工過程中的主要受力情況。其中包括以下幾方面的研究:(1)分別用鐵摩辛柯能量法和有限元法求解了橋墩在施工過程中墩頂不同約束條件下的屈曲荷載,并計算了橋墩在相應(yīng)荷載下的彎矩增大系數(shù),討論分析了剪切變形和橋墩上下兩端實體部分對臨界屈曲荷載的影響。(2)對墩帽以下的墩身部分按照受壓桿件分析其受力,假設(shè)橋墩墩帽以下部分滿足平截面假定,并據(jù)此計算繪制了墩身兩個不利截面的軸力彎矩相關(guān)曲線。(3)對墩帽部分應(yīng)力復(fù)雜區(qū)域主要采用有限元計算方法計算分析了造橋機施工過程中局壓的幾種最不利工況,并用規(guī)范公式計算對比。通過分析表明剪切變形和橋墩墩實體部分對橋墩彈性屈曲荷載影響較小,可以忽略不計;空心墩正截面承載能力滿足要求,且富裕很多;施工過程中墩帽部分局部拉應(yīng)力超過混凝土極限拉應(yīng)力,墩帽頂部將會出現(xiàn)裂縫。實際施工時需加大造橋機與墩帽頂部的受壓面積等措施以解決局部應(yīng)力過大的問題。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure in China, all kinds of highways and railway bridges are springing up. A large number of bridges with high piers need to be built in mountainous areas and areas where rivers flow, while hollow piers are widely used because of their excellent structural properties and low cost. At the same time, great progress has been made in the technology of bridge construction in our country. The use of large-scale bridge construction machinery makes the construction of large bridge more economical and faster. Taking the construction process of a railway bridge maker as an example, this paper studies the main force situation of hollow pier in the construction process of bridge construction machine through formula and finite element method. The research includes the following aspects: (1) the buckling load of pier under different constraint conditions at the top of pier during construction is solved by using Temoco energy method and finite element method respectively, and the moment increasing coefficient of pier under corresponding load is calculated. The influence of shear deformation and the solid parts of the upper and lower ends of the pier on the critical buckling load is discussed and analyzed. The stress on the pier body below the pier cap is analyzed according to the compression member. The assumption that the section below the pier cap satisfies the assumption of the plane section is assumed. Based on this, the axial bending moment correlation curve of two unfavorable sections of the pier is calculated and drawn. The finite element method is mainly used to calculate and analyze the most disadvantageous conditions of local pressure during the construction of the bridge construction machine for the complex region of the partial stress of the pier cap. The standard formula is used to calculate and contrast. The analysis shows that the shear deformation and the solid part of the pier have little influence on the elastic buckling load of the pier, which can be ignored, and the normal section bearing capacity of the hollow pier meets the requirements and is much richer. During construction, the partial tensile stress of pier cap exceeds the limit tensile stress of concrete, and cracks will appear at the top of pier cap. In order to solve the problem of excessive local stress, it is necessary to increase the area under pressure at the top of bridge maker and pier cap in actual construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U441;U445.559

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