本文選題：快捷貨運(yùn)通道 + 運(yùn)量分擔(dān)率��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展,使整個(gè)社會(huì)對(duì)具有小批量、多批次和高時(shí)效性特點(diǎn)的快捷貨物的運(yùn)輸需求越來(lái)越大,這使得同一快捷貨運(yùn)通道中并存的各種運(yùn)輸方式的運(yùn)輸企業(yè)為爭(zhēng)奪運(yùn)量展開激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。所以研究多種運(yùn)輸方式在快捷貨運(yùn)通道中的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系對(duì)優(yōu)化運(yùn)輸資源配置有一定的意義。本文在此背景下,通過(guò)總結(jié)快捷貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)膰?guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)快捷貨運(yùn)通道內(nèi)不同運(yùn)輸方式的定價(jià)策略和運(yùn)量分擔(dān)率進(jìn)行研究。首先,分析快捷貨物和快捷貨運(yùn)通道的特點(diǎn)及相關(guān)定義。基于貨運(yùn)市場(chǎng)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,比較快捷貨運(yùn)通道內(nèi)普通鐵路、高速鐵路、航空運(yùn)輸和高速公路這四種常見運(yùn)輸方式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及他們的運(yùn)輸組織情況,找出在快捷貨運(yùn)通道中四種運(yùn)輸方式存在的問(wèn)題和面臨的市場(chǎng)挑戰(zhàn)。其次通過(guò)分析各運(yùn)輸方式運(yùn)量分擔(dān)的影響因素,將運(yùn)價(jià)、時(shí)效性、安全度、可靠度和便捷度作為衡量貨主效用的指標(biāo),并逐一做定量處理,從而建立貨主對(duì)運(yùn)輸方式的效用函數(shù),最后構(gòu)建指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)體系,用基于線性規(guī)劃的層次分析法確定效用函數(shù)中各指標(biāo)的權(quán)重。隨后先建立運(yùn)輸方式的廣義收益函數(shù),然后通過(guò)分析快捷貨運(yùn)通道內(nèi)各種運(yùn)輸方式之間協(xié)調(diào)交互的關(guān)系,將各種運(yùn)輸方式和貨主分別作為博弈方,構(gòu)建一個(gè)博弈空間,以運(yùn)輸方式的廣義收益最大為目標(biāo)和以貨主的效用最大為目標(biāo)建立完全信息動(dòng)態(tài)博弈模型。模型中的運(yùn)價(jià)是聯(lián)系變量,當(dāng)貨主期望的運(yùn)價(jià)和各種運(yùn)輸方式制定的運(yùn)價(jià)在理論上相等時(shí),運(yùn)量分擔(dān)率也趨于穩(wěn)定,即博弈達(dá)到均衡狀態(tài),同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了求解模型博弈均衡的算法。最后以蘭州至西安間快件運(yùn)輸為例,利用建立的模型計(jì)算普通鐵路、高速鐵路、航空和高速公路四種運(yùn)輸方式的廣義收益和貨主的效用,用Matlab編程實(shí)現(xiàn)了設(shè)計(jì)的算法,并最終求得博弈均衡狀態(tài)下的運(yùn)價(jià)和四種運(yùn)輸方式的運(yùn)量分擔(dān)率,驗(yàn)證了模型的實(shí)效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of electronic commerce in our country, the whole society needs more and more fast goods with the characteristics of small batch, multiple batches and high timeliness. This makes all kinds of transportation enterprises in the same express freight corridor compete fiercely for volume. Therefore, it is significant to study the competitive relationship of multiple transport modes in the express freight corridor for optimizing the allocation of transportation resources. In this context, by summarizing the domestic and foreign research status of express freight transport, this paper studies the pricing strategy and volume sharing rate of different transport modes in the express freight corridor. First of all, the characteristics and related definitions of express cargo and express freight corridor are analyzed. Based on the current development of the freight transport market, the advantages and disadvantages of the four common modes of transport, namely, the ordinary railway, the high-speed railway, the air transport and the highway, and their transport organization are compared. Find out the problems and market challenges of the four modes of transport in the express freight corridor. Secondly, by analyzing the factors that affect the share of transportation volume, the freight rate, timeliness, safety, reliability and convenience are taken as the indexes to measure the utility of the cargo owner, and the quantitative treatment is done one by one. The utility function of the cargo owner to the transportation mode is established. Finally, the evaluation system of the index is constructed, and the weight of each index in the utility function is determined by the analytic hierarchy process based on linear programming. Then the generalized income function of the transportation mode is established first, and then by analyzing the relationship between the various modes of transportation in the express freight transport channel, the various modes of transport and the owner of the freight are taken as the game parties respectively, and a game space is constructed. The dynamic game model of complete information is established with the goal of the maximum generalized income of the transportation mode and the maximum utility of the cargo owner. The freight rate in the model is a related variable. When the freight rate expected by the owner and the freight rate formulated by various modes of transportation are equal in theory, the sharing rate of the freight volume tends to be stable, that is, the game reaches equilibrium state. At the same time, a model game equilibrium algorithm is designed. Finally, taking the express transportation between Lanzhou and Xi'an as an example, using the established model to calculate the generalized income and the utility of the cargo owner of the four modes of transportation, such as ordinary railway, high-speed railway, aviation and highway, the design algorithm is realized by Matlab programming. Finally, the freight rate and the share rate of the four modes of transportation under the equilibrium state of the game are obtained, and the effectiveness of the model is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U116

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本文編號(hào)：1909985