本文選題：客車超載 + 紅外熱成像��； 參考：《河南師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：公路客運(yùn)具備覆蓋面廣、通達(dá)度深、延伸性強(qiáng)以及建設(shè)部署快等優(yōu)點(diǎn),一直受到人們的青睞,始終是其他交通工具無法取代的。近年來,有關(guān)車輛超載的違規(guī)操作問題屢制不止,對(duì)交通運(yùn)輸環(huán)境和客車運(yùn)輸行業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展起到了一定的限制。由于公路客運(yùn)的特殊性,車輛一旦發(fā)生事故一般都是大規(guī)模群體性事故,這給國家和百姓帶來的不僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,更多的是無法估量的感情傷害。為了有效的控制客車超載,減小社會(huì)危害,各種各樣的控制客車超載的方式陸續(xù)出現(xiàn)。從最初的人工檢測(cè)法到票據(jù)檢測(cè)法,再到傳感器檢測(cè)法,除此之外還有近期常用的基于視頻的檢測(cè)方法。這些檢測(cè)方法的出現(xiàn),雖然都對(duì)客車超載的現(xiàn)象起到了抑制作用,但會(huì)耗費(fèi)大量的人力財(cái)力,而且有時(shí)候控制效果并不是很好。結(jié)合客車超載控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展情況,本文嘗試采用基于紅外熱成像的客車檢測(cè)模塊結(jié)合單片機(jī)控制,對(duì)客車超載進(jìn)行檢測(cè)和控制。以STM32單片機(jī)為核心控制模塊,它不僅具有高集成度和低功耗的特點(diǎn),而且具有豐富的I/O端口和USB接口,同時(shí)可以通過USB從外部存儲(chǔ)器讀取和輸出相關(guān)的音頻信號(hào),整合先進(jìn)的面向連接的外設(shè),可以在設(shè)備上實(shí)現(xiàn)多種功能可以整合多種功能,可以很好的滿足我們的開發(fā)需求。本文的核心是基于紅外圖像的乘車人識(shí)別,首先對(duì)由紅外熱成像儀采集到的紅外圖像的首先進(jìn)行中值濾波,其次對(duì)處理過的紅外圖像進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)檢測(cè),將背景與紅外圖像序列中的變化區(qū)域分離開來,最后將通過輪廓提取算法提取到目標(biāo)輪廓與Gavrila樹形模板進(jìn)行匹配,同時(shí)結(jié)合基于光電傳感器的乘車人上下車識(shí)別,準(zhǔn)確的判斷具體的乘車人數(shù)。該方案實(shí)現(xiàn)智能化的管理,不僅能夠提高客車人數(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)的準(zhǔn)確度,而且可以實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和自主預(yù)判,并且具有完備的功能,實(shí)行半自動(dòng)化治超模式,實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)字化監(jiān)控管理,使得經(jīng)過的車輛不用人工檢查,對(duì)于超載的車輛可以對(duì)車內(nèi)信息進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,實(shí)時(shí)記錄車內(nèi)情況,并對(duì)車內(nèi)情況進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析。對(duì)于超載的車輛,一方面核心控制模塊會(huì)自動(dòng)的啟動(dòng)報(bào)警模塊,另一方面也能根據(jù)預(yù)設(shè)的核載人數(shù)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,自發(fā)的做出預(yù)判,控制客車的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),限制客車的非正常行駛。大大降低了由超載而引發(fā)的交通風(fēng)險(xiǎn),保障了行車安全。
[Abstract]:Highway passenger transport has the advantages of wide coverage, deep accessibility, strong extensibility and fast construction and deployment. It has always been favored by people and can not be replaced by other means of transportation. In recent years, the illegal operation of overloaded vehicles has been repeatedly regulated, which has limited the sustainable development of transportation environment and bus transportation industry. Because of the particularity of highway passenger transportation, once vehicle accidents occur, they are generally mass accidents, which bring not only economic losses, but also immeasurable emotional injuries to the country and people. In order to effectively control bus overload and reduce social harm, various ways of controlling bus overload appear one after another. From the original manual detection method to the bill detection method, and then to the sensor detection method, in addition to the recent commonly used video detection methods. The appearance of these detection methods can restrain the phenomenon of bus overload, but it consumes a lot of human and financial resources, and sometimes the control effect is not very good. Combined with the development of bus overload control system, this paper attempts to use the bus detection module based on infrared thermal imaging combined with single-chip microcomputer control to detect and control the bus overload. With STM32 MCU as the core control module, it not only has the characteristics of high integration and low power consumption, but also has rich I / O port and USB interface. At the same time, it can read and output related audio signals from external memory through USB. Integration of advanced connection-oriented peripherals, can achieve a variety of functions on the device can be integrated with a variety of functions, can well meet our development needs. The core of this paper is the identification of passengers based on infrared image. First, the median filter is applied to the infrared image collected by the infrared thermal imager, and then the moving target detection is carried out on the processed infrared image. The background is separated from the region of change in the infrared image sequence. Finally, the target contour is extracted by contour extraction algorithm to match the Gavrila tree template. At the same time, the rider is identified based on photoelectric sensor. Accurately judge the specific number of passengers. The intelligent management can not only improve the accuracy of bus statistics, but also can monitor and judge in real time and independently. It also has complete function, implements semi-automatic control mode, and realizes digital monitoring and management. So that the passing vehicles do not need manual inspection, for overloaded vehicles can be real-time monitoring of the information inside the vehicle, real-time recording of the situation in the vehicle, and the situation in the vehicle statistics and analysis. For overloaded vehicles, on the one hand, the core control module will automatically start the alarm module, on the other hand, it can also carry out systematic analysis according to the preset number of nuclear loads, and spontaneously make a pre-judgment to control the bus engine. Restrict the abnormal running of passenger cars. Greatly reduce the traffic risk caused by overload, and ensure the safety of driving.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U463.6;U495;TP273

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