本文選題：城市道路交通突發(fā)事件 + 事件等級��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著近年來社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,汽車保有量也大幅增加,導致城市道路交通系統(tǒng)供需矛盾日益增加,日常交通擁堵現(xiàn)象比較普遍,對日常交通組織和交通信號控制要求較高。近年來各類突發(fā)事件頻繁發(fā)生,對城市交通系統(tǒng)帶來嚴重的影響,會導致交通需求的劇增和城市交通網(wǎng)絡結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,需要在較短的時間內(nèi)對城市道路交通突發(fā)事件發(fā)生區(qū)域內(nèi)的人員進行救援和疏散,以保證人員安全和疏散效率。本文在對城市道路交通突發(fā)事件界定的基礎上,從事件等級判定、應急交通組織和應急交通信號控制三個方面對城市道路交通突發(fā)事件應急疏散策略進行研究。首先,在分析城市道路交通突發(fā)事件特性的基礎上,針對傳統(tǒng)主要依據(jù)事件本身性質(zhì)及其對社會影響來進行等級判定,沒有考慮突發(fā)事件下交通系統(tǒng)特性及救援保障能力對應急疏散工作的影響,且多采用定性的事后分級,本文在考慮事件本身因素和應急交通組織因素的基礎上,建立了城市道路交通突發(fā)事件影響因素判斷指標體系,利用模糊層次分析法進行權(quán)重計算,從而構(gòu)建了城市道路交通突發(fā)事件等級判定模型。其次,在對常規(guī)交通組織方式分析的基礎上,結(jié)合網(wǎng)絡變結(jié)構(gòu)控制理論,對應急狀態(tài)下的路段和交叉口組織方式進行分析,構(gòu)建基于車道建模的應急交通網(wǎng)絡模型和相應動態(tài)交通分配模型,并利用宏觀仿真軟件TransCAD對其進行求解,設計了應急交通組織方案生成與優(yōu)化流程。然后,在對城市道路突發(fā)事件下交叉口交通流特性分析的基礎上,結(jié)合相應的應急交通組織方式,從“綠波”交通控制的原理出發(fā),分別研究了無應急救援車輛行駛的單向交通組織情況下的單向“綠波”交通控制模型和有應急救援車輛行駛的單向交通和專用道結(jié)合交通組織情況下的雙向不等寬“綠波”交通控制模型,并利用Synchro軟件對“綠波”交通控制模型進行了配時設計和優(yōu)化。最后,本文以蘭州市城關(guān)區(qū)酒泉路附近突發(fā)火災為例,分別對事件等級判斷模型,應急交通組織方式和應急交通信號控制方案進行了驗證,并通過微觀仿真軟件VISSIM對采用應急交通組織和信號控制前后交通網(wǎng)絡運行特性進行仿真對比分析。本文以城市道路交通突發(fā)事件為研究對象,分別利用三角模糊數(shù)和模糊層次分析法、網(wǎng)絡變結(jié)構(gòu)控制原理以及基于車道建模的網(wǎng)絡模型等方面的知識,對應急疏散策略進行研究,并借助不同交通仿真軟件來驗證文中方法的可行性和實施應急疏散策略后的效果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy in recent years, the number of vehicles has increased dramatically, which leads to the increasing contradiction between supply and demand of urban road traffic system, the daily traffic congestion is relatively common, and the requirements of daily traffic organization and traffic signal control are higher. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of all kinds of unexpected events has brought serious impact on the urban traffic system, which will lead to a sharp increase in traffic demand and changes in the urban traffic network structure. In order to ensure the safety and efficiency of evacuation, it is necessary to rescue and evacuate the people in the emergency area of urban road traffic in a short time. Based on the definition of urban road traffic emergencies, this paper studies the emergency evacuation strategy of urban road traffic emergencies from three aspects: emergency rating, emergency traffic organization and emergency traffic signal control. First of all, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of urban road traffic emergencies, the traditional classification is mainly based on the nature of the event itself and its impact on the society. The impact of traffic system characteristics and rescue support ability on emergency evacuation is not considered, and qualitative classification is often used. This paper considers the factors of incident itself and emergency traffic organization. The index system of judging the influencing factors of urban road traffic emergencies is established, and the weight calculation is carried out by using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP), thus the model of judging the grade of urban road traffic emergencies is constructed. Secondly, based on the analysis of the conventional traffic organization mode, combined with the network variable structure control theory, the road section and intersection organization mode under the emergency state are analyzed. The emergency traffic network model based on lane modeling and the corresponding dynamic traffic assignment model are constructed and solved by the macro simulation software TransCAD. The emergency traffic organization scheme generation and optimization process are designed. Then, based on the analysis of traffic flow characteristics of intersection under urban road emergencies, combined with the corresponding emergency traffic organization, starting from the principle of "green wave" traffic control, The one-way "green wave" traffic control model without the one-way traffic organization of emergency rescue vehicles and the bidirectional inequality of one-way traffic with emergency rescue vehicles and special lanes combined with traffic organization are studied respectively. Wide "green wave" traffic control model, Synchro software is used to design and optimize the green wave traffic control model. Finally, taking the sudden fire near Jiuquan Road in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City as an example, this paper verifies the judgment model of event grade, the organization mode of emergency traffic and the control scheme of emergency traffic signal, respectively. The traffic network operation characteristics before and after emergency traffic organization and signal control are compared and analyzed by microscopic simulation software VISSIM. In this paper, the urban road traffic emergencies as the research object, using triangular fuzzy number and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, network variable structure control principle and network model based on lane modeling, etc. This paper studies the emergency evacuation strategy and verifies the feasibility of the method and the effect after the implementation of the emergency evacuation strategy with the help of different traffic simulation software.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 王浩東;突發(fā)公共事件應急交通疏散對策研究[D];西南交通大學;2011年

，

本文編號：1895376