本文選題：錢塘江河口 + 跨海大橋　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：錢塘江河口處于上海大都市圈的核心位置,周圍各城市間經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易往來(lái)密切。杭州灣作為錢塘江河口的口外海濱段,水域面積遼闊,在為水運(yùn)交通提供了便利的同時(shí),卻對(duì)陸路交通造成了天然阻礙。為了解決這一難題,跨海橋梁的建設(shè)是個(gè)行之有效的方法。在錢塘江河口區(qū)域已建及規(guī)劃在建的長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)10km的跨海橋梁總數(shù)已超過(guò)6座。河口中大規(guī)模的橋梁工程建設(shè)勢(shì)必會(huì)對(duì)各潮動(dòng)力要素造成影響,而潮位、潮流等潮動(dòng)力要素又關(guān)系著沿岸水利工程設(shè)施的建造標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究多集中在分析單座跨海大橋的影響上而較少關(guān)注兩座及以上跨海大橋共同建設(shè)的情況。因此,為了探究同一河口區(qū)域多座橋梁的潮動(dòng)力疊加影響問(wèn)題,本文采用數(shù)值模擬的方法進(jìn)行了初步研究。首先,建立包含錢塘江河口與長(zhǎng)江口的大范圍數(shù)值模型,與實(shí)測(cè)資料對(duì)比驗(yàn)證后,分析了杭州灣區(qū)域的潮動(dòng)力特征,并采用計(jì)算得到的水位結(jié)果,為錢塘江河口的小尺度精細(xì)模型提供外海開邊界條件。然后,保留主橋橋墩原型,僅對(duì)跨海大橋中尺寸較小又?jǐn)?shù)量眾多的引橋橋墩概化并加入小范圍的錢塘江河口模型當(dāng)中。最后,分別探究了兩座橋梁的獨(dú)立和疊加影響,討論分析錢塘江河口潮位、潮流以及納潮量的響應(yīng)。主要結(jié)果如下:(1)杭州灣內(nèi)水流呈現(xiàn)明顯的往復(fù)流特性,漲潮歷時(shí)小于落潮歷時(shí),漲潮流速大于落潮流速。此外,進(jìn)出杭州灣的潮流由于受到灣口舟山群島的阻隔,主要分為五股。其中潮流通量最大的為鎮(zhèn)海-定海通道,最小的為衢山-洋山通道。(2)橋梁的建設(shè)對(duì)潮動(dòng)力的影響,總體上體現(xiàn)在對(duì)潮汐能量的削弱上,包括潮流流速的降低,潮差的減小及納潮量的縮減。其中,潮差與納潮量的響應(yīng)結(jié)果可以相互印證。此外,由于杭州灣獨(dú)特的喇叭形岸線特征,潮差受橋梁建設(shè)影響的值向上游不斷增大,直至距聞堰60km處,以兩橋共同建設(shè)工況為例,最多減小4.6cm。(3)兩座跨海大橋疊加影響情況下,在對(duì)潮動(dòng)力要素的沿程及全局的總體影響方面,杭州灣大橋的作用占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位,嘉紹大橋僅在其橋位附近有較為突出的影響。例如潮位和納潮量的沿程變化結(jié)果中,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)總體趨勢(shì)仍是由杭州灣大橋所產(chǎn)生的影響所決定,但嘉紹大橋會(huì)對(duì)其橋位附近水域產(chǎn)生較劇烈影響。
[Abstract]:Qiantang River estuary is located at the core of Shanghai Metropolitan area. Hangzhou Bay, as the seaside section of Qiantang River estuary, has a vast water area, which provides convenience for water transportation, but also creates natural obstacles to land transportation. In order to solve this problem, the construction of bridge across the sea is an effective method. In the Qiantang River Estuary area, the total number of cross-sea bridges that have been built and planned to exceed 10km is more than 6. The large-scale bridge construction in the estuary is bound to affect the tidal dynamic elements, and tidal level, tidal current and other tidal dynamic elements are related to the construction standards of coastal water conservancy facilities. At present, the domestic and foreign studies mainly focus on the analysis of the impact of single sea crossing bridge, and pay less attention to the joint construction of two or more cross-sea bridges. Therefore, in order to investigate the effect of tidal dynamic superposition on several bridges in the same estuary region, the numerical simulation method is used to study the effect of the tidal superposition. Firstly, a large-scale numerical model including the Qiantang River Estuary and the Yangtze Estuary is established. After comparing with the measured data, the tidal dynamic characteristics in the Hangzhou Bay region are analyzed, and the calculated water level results are used. It provides the open boundary conditions for the small scale fine model of Qiantang River estuary. Then, the prototype of the main bridge pier is retained, and only the small and large number of bridge piers in the cross-sea bridge are generalized and added to the small Qiantang River estuary model. Finally, the independent and superimposed effects of the two bridges are investigated, and the responses of tidal level, tidal current and tidal absorption volume in Qiantang River estuary are discussed. The main results are as follows: (1) the characteristics of reciprocating current in Hangzhou Bay are obvious. The duration of high tide is less than that of falling tide, and the velocity of rising tide is greater than that of falling tide. In addition, the tidal current in and out of Hangzhou Bay is mainly divided into five streams because it is blocked by the Zhoushan Islands at the mouth of the Bay. Among them, the largest tidal flux is the Zhenhai-Dinghai channel, and the smallest is the Qu-Shan-Yangshan Passage. 2) the influence of the construction of the bridge on the tidal power is reflected in the weakening of the tidal energy, including the reduction of the tidal current velocity. The decrease of tidal range and the reduction of tidal absorption. Among them, the response results of tidal range and tidal absorption can be verified mutually. In addition, due to the unique characteristics of the loudspeaker shoreline in Hangzhou Bay, the value of tidal range affected by bridge construction is increasing upstream, up to the point of 60km from Wenyan, taking the joint construction condition of the two bridges as an example, the maximum reduction is 4.6 cm. 3) under the influence of the superposition of the two sea crossing bridges, The effect of Hangzhou Bay Bridge plays a dominant role in the overall influence on the course and overall situation of tidal dynamic elements, and the Jia-Shao Bridge has a more prominent influence only near its bridge location. For example, the results of tidal level and tidal absorption along the course show that the overall trend is still determined by the influence of Hangzhou Bay Bridge, but the Jiazhao Bridge will have a severe effect on the water near the bridge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U441

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