本文選題：流速分布 + 峽道��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：秀山大橋橫跨舟山市官山島與秀山島之間水深流急的峽道海域。海床巖面傾斜度大導(dǎo)致海底流速很大,給橋梁基礎(chǔ)施工帶來極大困難。研究峽道效應(yīng)及流速分布,對橋梁施工具有重要意義。本文基于水槽試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬手段首次對秀山大橋海域流速分布進(jìn)行深入研究。首先,在水槽中對凸底條件下垂向流速分布作了試驗(yàn)研究。試驗(yàn)在浙江大學(xué)近海館精密水槽中進(jìn)行,槽底鋪設(shè)三角形和梯形各3種玻璃凸底床加1種平底,按3種流量進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)共獲得21組數(shù)據(jù)。據(jù)此建立了拋物線型流速垂向分布公式,分析表明待定系數(shù)與凸底迎水坡度J呈顯著的線性關(guān)系,且a和c隨J增大而減小,b則反之;無量綱最大流速位置隨J增加而下移,最低在相對水深0.41處,偏離水面較遠(yuǎn);而最大流速與斷面平均流速之比接近為常數(shù)。本文公式計(jì)算的流速分布與水槽試驗(yàn)資料一致,說明公式客觀地反映了凸底明渠的流速分布規(guī)律。然后,采用Delft3D軟件數(shù)值模擬了秀山大橋海域流場,現(xiàn)場測量獲取兩個(gè)測站的潮位和流速數(shù)據(jù)對模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果良好。選取了秀山大橋南側(cè)5個(gè)橋墩各6條觀測垂線,模擬得到了這30條垂線的流速分布數(shù)據(jù)。分析建立了潮段平均無量綱流速垂向分布公式。結(jié)果表明,潮段平均無量綱流速在7#～10#橋墩處自海面向海底減小,而11#橋墩處自海面向海底增加,最大值出現(xiàn)在海底,主要與海底凸起巖面有關(guān)。11#橋墩處的最大流速漲潮顯著大于落潮,7#橋墩處的最大流速落潮顯著大于漲潮,主要與柯氏力作用有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Xiushan Bridge spans the waters between Guanshan Island and Xiushan Island. The large slope of seabed rock leads to high velocity of sea floor, which brings great difficulties to the construction of bridge foundation. It is of great significance to study the isthmus effect and velocity distribution for bridge construction. In this paper, the velocity distribution of Xiushan Bridge is studied for the first time based on flume test and numerical simulation. First, the vertical velocity distribution under convex bottom is studied experimentally in the flume. The experiment was carried out in the precision flume of Zhejiang University Offshore Pavilion. The triangular and trapezoidal bed with three kinds of glass-convex bottom and one flat bottom were laid on the bottom of the tank. 21 groups of data were obtained according to the three kinds of flow rate. The vertical distribution formula of parabolic velocity is established. The analysis shows that the undetermined coefficient has a significant linear relationship with the gradient J of the convex bottom, and that a and c decrease with the increase of J, whereas the position of the dimensionless maximum velocity moves down with the increase of J. The lowest is at the relative depth of 0.41, which is far away from the water surface, and the ratio of the maximum velocity to the average velocity of the section is close to constant. The velocity distribution calculated by the formula is consistent with the experimental data of the flume, which shows that the formula objectively reflects the velocity distribution law of the open channel with convex bottom. Then, the flow field of Xiushan Bridge is simulated numerically by Delft3D software, and the data of tidal level and velocity of two stations are obtained in the field to verify the model, and the results are satisfactory. Five piers on the south side of Xiushan Bridge were selected and 6 vertical lines were observed, and the velocity distribution data of the 30 vertical lines were obtained by simulation. The vertical distribution formula of average dimensionless velocity in tidal section is established. The results show that the average dimensionless velocity of tidal section decreases from the sea level to the sea floor at the pier of the 7 #Li 10# bridge, but increases from the sea level to the sea floor at the 1 1# pier, and the maximum velocity appears at the bottom of the sea. The maximum velocity tide at the pier of the bridge is significantly larger than that at the pier at the fall tide, which is mainly related to the action of Coriolis force.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U442.31

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