本文選題：危險貨物集裝箱 + 有限元法��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著我國鐵路經(jīng)濟建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展,危險貨物的運輸已經(jīng)廣泛滲入到實際生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用的各個領(lǐng)域。基于我國地域遼闊,鐵路路網(wǎng)分布覆蓋面廣,尤其是內(nèi)地危險品的運輸,大多數(shù)最適宜采用鐵路集裝箱進行運輸。因此,大力推廣鐵路集裝箱運輸?shù)陌l(fā)展已成為解決內(nèi)地危險品運輸?shù)挠行緩健４送?危險品的種類和數(shù)量伴隨著我國化工產(chǎn)業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展,呈現(xiàn)大幅度上升,這也對我國鐵路集裝箱運輸危險品提出了更高、更新的要求。如何即能提高鐵路集裝箱運輸危險貨物的效率,又能保證其運輸?shù)陌踩?已成為亟需解決的問題。只有形成貫穿南北、覆蓋面更廣的鐵路集裝箱運輸系統(tǒng),才能更好的適應(yīng)和滿足社會實際生產(chǎn)對危險品運輸?shù)男枨�。本文圍繞著危險貨物進箱條件進行了如下方面的研究:首先,對危險貨物進箱條件的影響因素進行了研究,得出溫度、濕度以及貨物的包裝情況是影響危險貨物采用集裝箱進行運輸?shù)闹饕蛩?其中溫度的影響最為重大。以九大類危險貨物為研究對象,對它們各自的物理化學(xué)特性加以理論分析,聯(lián)系鐵路實際運輸情況對它們的進箱條件加以確定。其次,溫度是影響危險貨物采用集裝箱進行運輸?shù)淖钪饕蛩?所以開展對集裝箱在運輸途中內(nèi)外溫度的研究很有必要。引入有限元法,了解有限元法的基本求解分析過程,并對集裝箱溫度場瞬態(tài)熱分析的基本原理和分析過程加以研究,對所施加的初始條件、邊界條件以及熱載荷進行分析,為后文建立的集裝箱有限元模型奠定良好的基礎(chǔ)。最后,在對危險貨物集裝箱傳熱數(shù)值分析時,應(yīng)用ANSYS 15.0軟件,建立集裝箱及貨物的有限元傳熱模型,施加相關(guān)的邊界條件并進行求解,對所布置觀測點的溫度變化情況進行詳細(xì)分析。最終通過模擬仿真得出,集裝箱內(nèi)部所能達到的最高溫度為70℃左右;箱內(nèi)貨物所能達到的最高溫度為37℃左右;箱頂內(nèi)表面最高溫度為70.3℃高于外表面最高溫度64.7℃;越靠近集裝箱箱壁的貨物溫度越高,所能達到的最高溫度為36.7℃;不同層次貨物的溫度變化情況也不相同,第一層貨物的溫度明顯高于其它層次貨物的溫度。這些都為危險貨物采用集裝箱運輸提供一定的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of railway economic construction in China, the transportation of dangerous goods has been widely infiltrated into various fields of practical production and application. Because of our vast territory and wide distribution of railway network, especially the transportation of dangerous goods in the interior, most of the railway containers are most suitable for transportation. Therefore, promoting the development of railway container transportation has become an effective way to solve the inland dangerous goods transportation. In addition, the category and quantity of dangerous goods along with the continuous development of the chemical industry in China, showing a large increase, which also put forward a higher and newer requirements for China's railway container transportation of dangerous goods. How to improve the efficiency of railway container transportation of dangerous goods and ensure the safety of transport has become an urgent problem. Only by forming a railway container transportation system that runs through the north and south and has a wider coverage, can we better adapt and meet the demand for dangerous goods transportation in the actual production of society. This paper has carried on the following research around the dangerous goods incoming condition: first, has carried on the research to the dangerous goods incoming condition influence factor, obtained the temperature, Humidity and packaging are the main factors that affect the transport of dangerous goods in containers, among which temperature is the most important. Taking nine kinds of dangerous goods as the research object, the physical and chemical characteristics of each of them are analyzed theoretically, and their loading conditions are determined according to the actual railway transportation conditions. Secondly, temperature is the most important factor affecting the container transportation of dangerous goods, so it is necessary to study the temperature inside and outside the container during transportation. This paper introduces the finite element method to understand the basic solution and analysis process of the finite element method, and studies the basic principle and analysis process of the transient thermal analysis of the container temperature field, and analyzes the initial conditions, boundary conditions and thermal loads applied. It lays a good foundation for the container finite element model established later. Finally, in the numerical analysis of heat transfer of dangerous goods container, the finite element heat transfer model of container and cargo is established by using ANSYS 15.0 software, and the relevant boundary conditions are applied and solved. The temperature variation of the observation points is analyzed in detail. Finally, through simulation, the maximum temperature of container is about 70 鈩，

本文編號：1826579