本文選題：路票交易約束 + 路段容量約束�。� 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：可交易電子路票系統(tǒng)是交通需求管理的一種新方式,為緩解城市交通擁堵問題提供了新思路。本文回顧了路票交易體系、路段容量約束和雙層規(guī)劃模型這三個(gè)方面的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況,總結(jié)了現(xiàn)有的研究成果,在此基礎(chǔ)上確定了本文的研究目標(biāo)和研究?jī)?nèi)容。首先,本文概述了路票交易約束下的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)流問題,路票交易體系是一種路權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓的交通需求管理制度,通過通行權(quán)的自由交易實(shí)現(xiàn)；實(shí)施過程中主要確定路票發(fā)行總量、發(fā)行時(shí)間間隔、初始分配制度、收費(fèi)方案和交易市場(chǎng),從城市交通擁堵角度分析了路票交易體系的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理；基于此提出了路票交易約束下的用戶均衡模型及等價(jià)的數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃模型,并證明了交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)均衡狀態(tài)下路段流量的唯一性和路票交易市場(chǎng)中路票價(jià)格的唯一性。最后,在公平性、可實(shí)施性方面,將路票交易體系與擁堵收費(fèi)進(jìn)行比較。對(duì)路票交易體系進(jìn)行了兩個(gè)重要的算法設(shè)計(jì)：路票收費(fèi)方案的算法設(shè)計(jì)和路票價(jià)格的算法設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)用戶均衡與系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)這兩個(gè)原則之間的差別——邊際成本,設(shè)計(jì)每個(gè)路段需要收取的路票數(shù),由路票守恒條件確定路票發(fā)行總量。然后,在給定的路票收費(fèi)方案條件下,用外懲罰函數(shù)法將路票約束轉(zhuǎn)化成無約束的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)流問題,結(jié)合牛頓算法求得路票價(jià)格。最后,通過編程,用C#實(shí)現(xiàn)了牛頓算法、改進(jìn)的牛頓算法、外懲罰函數(shù)法的求解程序,對(duì)算例路網(wǎng)設(shè)計(jì)其路票收費(fèi)方案并求解路票價(jià)格,驗(yàn)證算法的正確性。介紹擁堵交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)流問題,用等價(jià)的數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃模型表示路段容量約束,并用增強(qiáng)拉格朗日乘子法對(duì)路段容量約束下的擁堵網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行配流。將路段容量約束添加到路票交易體系中,構(gòu)造路段容量和路票交易兩個(gè)約束下的雙層規(guī)劃模型,對(duì)部分擁堵路段收取路票時(shí),通過Kuhn-Tucker條件將雙層規(guī)劃模型轉(zhuǎn)化成單層非線性規(guī)劃問題,利用松弛算法進(jìn)行交通分配,得到局部最優(yōu)的路票收費(fèi)方案及路段流量。最后,將該算法應(yīng)用于算例路網(wǎng)中,說明一個(gè)合理的路票收費(fèi)方案能有效地緩解交通擁堵。
[Abstract]:Tradable electronic ticket system is a new way of traffic demand management, which provides a new way to alleviate urban traffic congestion. This paper reviews the domestic and international research situation of the three aspects of road ticket trading system, section capacity constraint and bilevel programming model, summarizes the existing research results, and then determines the research objectives and contents of this paper. First of all, this paper summarizes the traffic network flow problem under the constraint of the road ticket transaction. The road ticket transaction system is a traffic demand management system for the transfer of road rights, which is realized through the free transaction of the right of passage; in the process of implementation, the total amount of road ticket issuance is mainly determined. From the perspective of urban traffic congestion, this paper analyzes the economic principles of the ticket trading system from the point of view of the issue time interval, the initial distribution system, the charging scheme and the trading market. Based on this, the user equilibrium model and equivalent mathematical programming model under the constraint of road ticket transaction are proposed, and it is proved that the uniqueness of road flow under the condition of traffic network equilibrium and the uniqueness of ticket price in the road ticket trading market. Finally, in the aspect of fairness and implementability, we compare the traffic ticket trading system with congestion charge. There are two important algorithms for ticket trading system: the algorithm design of ticket pricing scheme and the algorithm design of ticket price. According to the difference between the two principles of user equilibrium and system optimization-marginal cost, the number of road tickets to be collected in each section is designed, and the total number of road tickets issued is determined by the conservation conditions of road tickets. Then, under the condition of given road ticket pricing scheme, the ticket constraint is transformed into an unconstrained traffic network flow problem by using the external penalty function method, and the price of the ticket is obtained by using Newton algorithm. Finally, the program of Newton algorithm, improved Newton algorithm and external penalty function method is implemented by C #, and the pricing scheme of road ticket is designed for example road network, and the price of ticket is solved to verify the correctness of the algorithm. This paper introduces the congestion traffic network flow problem. The equivalent mathematical programming model is used to express the section capacity constraints, and the augmented Lagrange multiplier method is used to allocate the congestion network under the section capacity constraints. The capacity constraint of road section is added to the traffic ticket trading system, and a two-layer programming model is constructed under the two constraints of section capacity and ticket transaction, and when collecting tickets for some congested sections, The bilevel programming model is transformed into a single-layer nonlinear programming problem by Kuhn-Tucker condition, and the relaxation algorithm is used to allocate the traffic, and the local optimal tolling scheme and section flow are obtained. Finally, the algorithm is applied to an example road network, which shows that a reasonable road ticket charging scheme can effectively alleviate traffic congestion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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