本文選題：淺基橋梁 + 墩臺沖刷　； 參考：《長安大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：洪水沖刷造成橋梁墩臺基礎埋深不足是世界各國橋梁破壞的一個主要原因。橋梁墩臺的沖刷防護工程能否達到預期的防護效果,主要取決于其修建的型式、位置及尺寸。國內(nèi)外大量的橋梁墩臺沖刷防護試驗研究結(jié)果表明,護坦防護措施可以有效地減小墩臺的局部沖刷,但尚無普遍規(guī)律可以用來指導護坦防護型式的設計。目前我國仍有不少大中橋梁因基礎埋深不足需設置局部防護,因此開展相關研究具有重大的科學意義。本文對橋梁墩臺沖刷和防護所涉及的相關概念理論進行了梳理,系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外對墩臺周圍水流結(jié)構、沖刷機理、局部沖刷防護問題的研究結(jié)果,運用水工模型試驗的方法對護坦防護型式進行了研究。重點分析了當護坦頂面位于一般沖刷線附近時,護坦設計參數(shù)對橋梁墩臺局部沖刷防護效果的影響,并針對具體工程情況提出了合理的護坦防護型式。通過模型試驗分析得出:護坦防護型式設計應綜合考慮護坦平面形式、頂面埋深、頭部延伸長度、防護寬度、迎水面垂裙傾角等設計參數(shù)對護坦防護效果的影響,然后確定最終的護坦防護型式尺寸。試驗結(jié)果證明在橋梁墩臺周圍設置護坦作為遏制淺基橋梁墩臺局部沖刷的工程防護措施是可行的。最終采用的護坦型式與無防護時的沖刷情況進行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)其防護效果明顯,護坦在橋梁墩臺前和墩臺邊側(cè)減沖程度均在50%以上。
[Abstract]:The insufficient buried depth of bridge pier and abutment caused by flood is one of the main causes of bridge destruction in the world. Whether the scour protection works of bridge pier and abutment can achieve the expected protective effect mainly depends on the type, position and size of the bridge pier and abutment. A large number of experimental studies on erosion protection of bridge pier and abutment at home and abroad show that the protective measures can effectively reduce the local scour of pier and abutment, but there is no universal rule to guide the design of protective type of dam. At present, there are still many large and medium bridges in our country need to set up local protection because of the insufficient buried depth of foundation, so it is of great scientific significance to carry out relevant research. In this paper, the related concepts and theories related to erosion and protection of bridge pier and abutment are summarized, and the research results of water flow structure, scour mechanism and local scour protection around pier and abutment are systematically summarized at home and abroad. The hydraulic model test method was used to study the protective form of the protective tank. The influence of the design parameters on the local scour protection effect of bridge pier and abutment is analyzed when the top surface of the dam is located near the general scour line, and a reasonable protection type is put forward according to the concrete engineering conditions. Through the model test and analysis, it is concluded that the design parameters such as the flat form, the depth of the top surface, the extension length of the head, the width of the protection, and the inclination angle of the vertical skirt should be considered comprehensively. Then determine the final protection type size. The test results show that it is feasible to install protective dampers around the pier and abutment of the bridge as an engineering protection measure to restrain the local erosion of the pier and abutment of the shallow foundation bridge. Finally, compared with the scour without protection, it was found that the protective effect of the protection was more than 50% in front of the bridge pier and abutment and the side side of the pier and abutment.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U443.86

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本文編號：1790190