本文選題：海底隧道 + 含水斷層　； 參考：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：海底隧道施工經(jīng)過斷層破碎帶等不良地質(zhì)段時,在開挖卸荷和海水壓力的共同作用下,常會引發(fā)突涌水等地質(zhì)災害,對施工安全造成嚴重威脅。因此,科學準確地進行隧道涌水量預測和突水風險分析至關(guān)重要。本文以青島膠州灣海底隧道工程為依托,采用理論分析、數(shù)值計算等手段對海底隧道穿越含水斷層時的涌水量分析方法和突水風險預測方法進行了探討。(1)本文總結(jié)了隧道涌水量預測方法、斷層突水致災機理、隧道突水風險分析方法的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀與研究進展,通過對海底隧道安全事故的統(tǒng)計分析得出突涌水是海底隧道最主要的施工風險之一。斷層破碎帶內(nèi)裂隙發(fā)育、巖體破碎,圍巖穩(wěn)定性差,因此,對海底隧道穿越含水斷層時的涌水量預測方法和突水風險分析方法的研究是非常必要的。通過與理論解析法預測的涌水量的對比可知,本文采用的涌水量數(shù)值計算預測法有一定可靠性。(2)運用多物理場耦合軟件COMSOLMultiphysics對海底隧道含水斷層進行了涌水量分析數(shù)值模擬,利用Darcy方程和孔隙-裂隙雙介質(zhì)模型,研究了不同覆巖厚度、海水深度、圍巖滲透率、裂隙傾角、裂隙間距對涌水量的影響。通過與理論解析法計算的涌水量的對比可知,本文采用的涌水量數(shù)值計算預測法有一定可靠性。(3)通過建立斷層突水的尖點突變模型,對隧道發(fā)生斷層活化突水和隔水結(jié)構(gòu)破斷突水的機理進行了分析。建立了斷層突水風險尖點突變勢函數(shù),然后基于平衡曲面方程,運用坐標轉(zhuǎn)換的方法,提出了海底隧道含水斷層尖點突變模型突水判據(jù),選取青島膠州灣海底隧道4條具有較高突水風險的含水斷層,計算其突水指標從而預測突水是否發(fā)生,同時探討了該預測模型的優(yōu)缺點和適用性。(4)運用特菲爾-理想點法和突變級數(shù)法,以斷層構(gòu)造特征、物探解譯信息、誘發(fā)因素等方面為基本出發(fā)點,提取了斷層兩盤巖體的風化程度、斷層帶滲透系數(shù)、斷層傾角、斷層影響帶寬度、縱橫波速比、視電阻率值、上覆巖層厚度、海水深度、施工擾動水平等9個影響因素作為突水風險的評價指標,并將斷層突水風險分為Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ(極高風險、較高風險、較低風險、極低風險)4個等級,建立了含水斷層突水風險預測模型。將該模型運用到膠州灣海底隧道突水風險等級預測中,并與工程實際情況進行驗證。
[Abstract]:Under the combined action of excavation unloading and sea water pressure undersea tunnel construction often leads to geological disasters such as water inrush which seriously threatens the safety of construction when it passes through unfavorable geological sections such as fault broken zone etc. The joint action of excavation unloading and sea water pressure often leads to geological disasters such as water inrush. Therefore, it is very important to predict the tunnel water inflow and analyze the water inrush risk scientifically and accurately. Based on the project of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Subsea Tunnel, this paper adopts theoretical analysis. Numerical calculation and other methods are used to analyze the water inflow and forecast the water inrush risk when the tunnel passes through the water-bearing fault. In this paper, the prediction method of the tunnel water inflow and the mechanism of water inrush caused by the fault are summarized in this paper. The research status and progress of tunnel water inrush risk analysis method at home and abroad. Through the statistical analysis of the safety accident of submarine tunnel, it is concluded that the sudden water inflow is one of the most important construction risks of undersea tunnel. The fracture in the fracture zone is developed, the rock mass is broken and the stability of the surrounding rock is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to study the water inflow prediction method and the water inrush risk analysis method when the submarine tunnel passes through the water-bearing fault. By comparing with the theoretical analysis method, it can be seen that the numerical calculation and prediction method of water inflow in this paper has certain reliability. (2) numerical simulation of water inflow analysis of underwater tunnel fault is carried out by using multi-physical field coupling software COMSOLMultiphysics. The effects of overburden thickness, sea water depth, surrounding rock permeability, crack dip angle and fissure spacing on water inflow are studied by using Darcy equation and porosity / fissure dual medium model. By comparing with the theoretical analysis method, it can be seen that the numerical calculation and prediction method of the water inflow adopted in this paper has certain reliability. (3) by establishing the cusp catastrophe model of water inrush of faults, The mechanism of fault activated water inrush and water barrier structure breaking and bursting in tunnel is analyzed. The cusp mutation potential function of fault water inrush risk is established. Based on the equilibrium surface equation and the method of coordinate transformation, the water-inrush criterion of water-bearing fault tip catastrophe model is proposed. Four water-bearing faults with high risk of water inrush were selected from Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel in Qingdao, and the water inrush indexes were calculated to predict whether water inrush occurred or not. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages and applicability of the prediction model are discussed. The Tefer-ideal point method and the catastrophe series method are used. The basic starting points are fault structural characteristics, geophysical interpretation information, inducing factors and so on. The weathering degree, permeability coefficient of fault zone, fault dip angle, width of fault influence zone, ratio of longitudinal and transverse wave velocity, apparent resistivity value, overlying strata thickness, depth of sea water are extracted. Nine influencing factors, such as construction disturbance level, are used as evaluation indexes of water inrush risk, and the water inrush risk of fault is divided into four grades: I, II, III, 鈪，

本文編號：1781752