本文選題：交通生態(tài)足跡 + 出行控制�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市道路系統(tǒng)對大量不可再生資源的消耗,對城市生態(tài)環(huán)境造成了重要的影響。論文對城市道路交通系統(tǒng)中車輛的化石能源消耗、污染物的排放做出客觀的評價,給出未來年隨著機動車增長,在交通生態(tài)足跡控制下的車輛合理出行里程。本文構建出基于城市交通噪聲污染改進的交通生態(tài)足跡核算模型,提出城市交通生態(tài)足跡的計算賬戶應該由三部分組成:建筑用地生態(tài)足跡、化石能源地生態(tài)足跡和環(huán)境污染消解生態(tài)足跡,其中環(huán)境污染消解生態(tài)足跡包括大氣污染生態(tài)足跡和噪聲污染生態(tài)足跡。論文通過查閱統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)、文獻調研和實地調查的方法得到西安市機動車的保有量、分車型構成狀況、車輛百公里能耗、年平均行駛里程、機動車單車排放因子等關鍵性數(shù)據(jù),并對西安市的機動車進行交通生態(tài)足跡核算;并對西安市所有生產(chǎn)生活活動的生態(tài)足跡進行計算,進行對比,得出西安市2013年交通生態(tài)足跡占到總生態(tài)足跡的9.1%,但僅機動車尾氣污染就占到總的大氣污染的27.8%,說明機動車對大氣污染的貢獻率不容小視。從不同車型的生態(tài)足跡貢獻來看,大貨車的生態(tài)足跡最大,約占41%,小客車次之,約占31%。從占用的土地類型來看,最重要的組成部分為化石能源地生態(tài)足跡,約占83%,機動車帶來的環(huán)境污染足跡次之,約占7.5%;而道路交通設施等直接占用的土地面積最少,僅占0.26%,幾乎可以忽略。從這一結果出發(fā),論文第四章對每種車型的足跡控制問題進行分析,并針對小客車的交通生態(tài)足跡控制展開研究:首先預測了西安市未來7年的機動車保有量,然后構建了小客車生態(tài)足跡與行駛里程之間的關系模型,根據(jù)這一模型給出了幾種不同生態(tài)足跡影響程度下的控制里程,量化出小客車基于生態(tài)足跡控制的出行里程。最后針對前文計算,提出西安市的小客車交通生態(tài)足跡的控制對策。
[Abstract]:The consumption of urban road system to a large number of non-renewable resources has an important impact on the urban ecological environment.The paper makes an objective evaluation on the fossil energy consumption and pollutant emission of vehicles in urban road traffic system, and gives the reasonable travel mileage of vehicles under the control of traffic ecological footprint with the increase of motor vehicles in the coming years.In this paper, an improved traffic ecological footprint accounting model based on urban traffic noise pollution is constructed, and the calculation account of urban traffic ecological footprint should be composed of three parts: ecological footprint of construction land.The ecological footprint of fossil energy land and environmental pollution are digested, and the ecological footprint of environmental pollution includes air pollution ecological footprint and noise pollution ecological footprint.In this paper, the key data such as vehicle ownership, vehicle composition, energy consumption per hundred kilometers, average mileage per year, emission factors of motor vehicles and so on are obtained by consulting statistical data, literature investigation and field investigation.And carries on the transportation ecological footprint accounting to the Xi'an motor vehicle, and carries on the computation to the Xi'an all production life activity ecological footprint, carries on the contrast,It is concluded that traffic ecological footprint accounts for 9.1% of the total ecological footprint in 2013, but vehicle exhaust pollution alone accounts for 27.8% of the total air pollution, indicating that the contribution rate of motor vehicles to air pollution should not be underestimated.From the contribution of ecological footprint of different models, the ecological footprint of large freight cars is the largest, accounting for 41%, followed by passenger cars, accounting for 31%.In terms of the type of land occupied, the most important component is the ecological footprint of fossil energy land, which accounts for about 833%, followed by the footprint of environmental pollution caused by motor vehicles, accounting for about 7.5%; and the land area directly occupied by road and transportation facilities is the least.Only 0.26 percent, almost negligible.From this result, the fourth chapter of the paper analyzes the footprint control of each type of vehicle, and studies the traffic ecological footprint control of passenger cars. First, the vehicle ownership in Xi'an in the next 7 years is predicted.Then, the relationship model between ecological footprint and mileage of passenger cars is constructed. According to this model, several kinds of controlled mileage with different degrees of ecological footprint are given, and the trip mileage of passenger cars based on ecological footprint control is quantified.Finally, according to the previous calculation, the control countermeasures of the ecological footprint of passenger cars in Xi'an are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491

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