本文選題：數(shù)據(jù)包絡分析 + 港口效率��； 參考：《重慶交通大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：“兩帶一路”戰(zhàn)略的提出,為我國港口企業(yè)帶來巨大的發(fā)展機遇。港口作為運輸網(wǎng)絡中的樞紐,既是公鐵運輸?shù)钠瘘c或終點,更是水上運輸?shù)闹匾?并且港口對一個地區(qū)的對外貿(mào)易和工商業(yè)具有很強的帶動作用。在巨大的發(fā)展機遇下,如何提高港口的競爭力成為決策者所關心的問題。港口的效率是港口競爭力的重要體現(xiàn),對港口效率的有效評價,有利于各港口了解自身效率水平,以及影響港口效率的因素,找出其與先進港口的差距,為港口的資源配置和管理優(yōu)化提供指導,對于港口競爭力提升和持續(xù)發(fā)展具有深遠意義。本文對研究港口效率的方法進行分析,通過比較后文章采用數(shù)據(jù)包絡分析法(DEA)對我國主要港口效率進行研究。然而傳統(tǒng)DEA模型無法進行全排列,并且未考慮不同的外部環(huán)境和隨機誤差對港口效率的影響,也未將碳排放等非期望產(chǎn)出納入到港口效率研究中。針對這三個問題,文章分別構建了基于平衡指數(shù)的港口效率全排列模型,三階段DEA港口效率模型和SBM-DEA港口環(huán)境效率評價模型。首先,運用傳統(tǒng)DEA模型測度出我國主要港口效率,并對結果進行分析,針對結果中同時有效的決策單元,運用平衡指數(shù)方法實現(xiàn)了決策單元的全排列,對我國港口的效率現(xiàn)狀有了一個更直觀的認識;其次,針對效率無效港口,用隨機前沿分析對投入差額值進行回歸,剔除環(huán)境因素和隨機誤差對效率的影響,并用調整后的投入值再一次計算港口效率,單純的從管理角度分析我國港口效率,為港口企業(yè)的資源配置和管理水平的提升指明方向;最后,文章建立港口環(huán)境效率評價模型,有效的分析碳排放對港口效率的影響,并與未考慮碳排放時的港口效率進行比較。研究結果表明:我國港口綜合效率較低,規(guī)模無效是主要原因,有投入過剩和產(chǎn)出不足的現(xiàn)象存在;不同的外部環(huán)境對港口效率存在影響,剔除掉環(huán)境因素和隨機誤差之后,港口純技術效率普遍提高;對比調整前后港口效率值,所處外部環(huán)境較好的港口,綜合效率值降低,而外部環(huán)境和運氣相對較差的港口效率值提高,被低估的港口效率得以恢復;碳排放對我國港口效率造成負影響,效率值普遍降低。
[Abstract]:The strategy of "two belts and one Road" brings great development opportunities for Chinese port enterprises.As the hub of transportation network, port is not only the starting point or end of rail transportation, but also the important support of water transportation, and the port has a strong driving effect on the foreign trade and industry and commerce of a region.Under the huge development opportunity, how to improve the competitiveness of the port becomes the concern of the decision makers.The efficiency of the port is an important embodiment of the competitiveness of the port. The effective evaluation of the efficiency of the port is helpful for each port to understand its own efficiency level, as well as the factors affecting the efficiency of the port, and to find out the gap between the port efficiency and the advanced port.It is of great significance to improve the competitiveness and sustainable development of the port by providing guidance for the resource allocation and management optimization of the port.In this paper, the method of studying port efficiency is analyzed, and the efficiency of main ports in China is studied by means of data Envelopment Analysis (DEAA) after comparison.However, the traditional DEA model can not be fully arranged and does not take into account the impact of different external environment and random errors on port efficiency, nor does it include non-expected outputs such as carbon emissions into the port efficiency research.In order to solve these three problems, the paper constructs the full permutation model of port efficiency based on equilibrium index, the three-stage DEA port efficiency model and the SBM-DEA port environmental efficiency evaluation model.Firstly, the efficiency of main ports in China is measured by using traditional DEA model, and the results are analyzed. The balance index method is used to realize the complete arrangement of the decision making units for the decision making units which are effective in the results at the same time.This paper has a more intuitive understanding of the present situation of port efficiency in our country. Secondly, aiming at the inefficient port, the input difference value is regressed by stochastic frontier analysis, and the influence of environmental factors and random errors on efficiency is eliminated.Using the adjusted input value to calculate the port efficiency again, analyze the port efficiency from the point of view of management, and point out the direction for the resource allocation and management level of the port enterprise. Finally, the paper establishes the evaluation model of port environmental efficiency.The effects of carbon emissions on port efficiency are analyzed and compared with those without carbon emissions.The results show that: the comprehensive efficiency of ports in China is low, the scale is invalid, the phenomenon of excess input and insufficient output exists, and different external environment has influence on port efficiency, excluding environmental factors and random errors.Compared with the port efficiency before and after adjustment, the comprehensive efficiency value of the port in which the external environment is better is reduced, while the port efficiency value with relatively poor external environment and luck is improved.The undervalued port efficiency can be restored, and the carbon emission has a negative impact on the port efficiency of our country, and the efficiency value is generally reduced.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F552.6;U691

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