本文選題：混凝土濕噴機(jī)組 + PLC��； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：混凝土濕噴機(jī)組是一種通過(guò)混凝土噴射為隧道提供初次支護(hù)技術(shù)的工程機(jī)械,按照工作原理,大致可分為泵送和風(fēng)送兩種類型。混凝土噴射機(jī)組的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于就位速度快、噴射效率高、能極大地降低惡劣環(huán)境中的作業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)越來(lái)越廣泛地應(yīng)用到各個(gè)采用"新奧法"施工的工程隧道。目前已投入使用的混凝土噴射機(jī)組有很大一部分來(lái)自于國(guó)外引進(jìn)設(shè)備,控制系統(tǒng)技術(shù)較為成熟,但價(jià)格昂貴,對(duì)于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)操作人員和設(shè)備維護(hù)人員都有極高的要求,另一部分屬于國(guó)內(nèi)廠商自主研發(fā),由于設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)局限,除了高昂的售價(jià)以外,設(shè)備的電氣控制系統(tǒng)無(wú)論是從穩(wěn)定性、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性或是智能化程度均有較大的改善空間。PSJ配備了自創(chuàng)的轉(zhuǎn)子活塞式送料機(jī)構(gòu)、獨(dú)特的臂架和底盤系統(tǒng),針對(duì)PSJ混凝土噴射機(jī)組的特點(diǎn),為使其各個(gè)系統(tǒng)在工作中發(fā)揮最佳效能,需要開(kāi)發(fā)出一套與之匹配的電氣控制系統(tǒng)。本文以科學(xué)研究院自主研發(fā)的轉(zhuǎn)子活塞式砼噴射機(jī)組PSJ作為研究對(duì)象,PSJ屬于風(fēng)送類濕噴機(jī),主要由轉(zhuǎn)子活塞式濕噴機(jī)、主泵電機(jī)、速凝劑系統(tǒng)、底盤行走系統(tǒng)、臂架系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)以及電氣控制系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。該控制系統(tǒng)采用工業(yè)級(jí)PLC作為核心控制元件,通過(guò)雙無(wú)線遙控器對(duì)臂架系統(tǒng)及濕噴機(jī)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程控制,通過(guò)編碼器及比例調(diào)速閥對(duì)濕噴機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子進(jìn)行PID閉環(huán)控制,同時(shí)使用變頻器對(duì)計(jì)量泵的輸出摻量進(jìn)行智能調(diào)節(jié),在電機(jī)啟動(dòng)方面,配置軟啟動(dòng)器,提高設(shè)備對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)電源的適應(yīng)能力。采用工業(yè)級(jí)HMI實(shí)現(xiàn)人機(jī)交互,通過(guò)傳感器反饋和軟件編程完成系統(tǒng)相應(yīng)功能的操作、實(shí)時(shí)工況監(jiān)測(cè)以及智能故障判斷。該設(shè)備已量產(chǎn)投入市場(chǎng),控制系統(tǒng)憑借其極強(qiáng)的環(huán)境適應(yīng)性、簡(jiǎn)易的操作性和便捷的故障維護(hù)能力和較高的性價(jià)比得到了客戶極大的認(rèn)可。本文介紹了混凝土濕噴機(jī)組的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)比了不同類型噴射機(jī)組的控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì),提出了針對(duì)PSJ控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案,包括總體方案框架、系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)功能、硬件選型和軟件開(kāi)發(fā)以及實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用等。
[Abstract]:The concrete wet shotcrete unit is a kind of construction machinery which provides the first support technology for the tunnel through concrete spraying. According to the working principle, it can be divided into two types: pump and wind.The advantage of concrete shotcrete unit is that it can greatly reduce the operational risk in the harsh environment because of its high speed of placement and high efficiency of spraying. Now it has been more and more widely used in various engineering tunnels constructed by "New Austrian method".At present, a large part of the concrete shotcrete units that have been put into use come from imported equipment from abroad. The control system technology is more mature, but the price is expensive, so there are very high requirements for field operators and maintenance personnel.The other part is independent research and development by domestic manufacturers. Due to the structural limitations of the equipment, in addition to the high price, the electrical control system of the equipment is no matter from stability.The environment adaptability or the intelligence degree has the big improvement space. PSJ equipped with the self-created rotor-piston feeding mechanism, the unique boom and the chassis system, according to the PSJ concrete spray unit characteristic,It is necessary to develop a matching electric control system in order to achieve the best performance of each system.In this paper, the rotor-piston concrete ejector PSJ developed by the Academy of Sciences is a kind of wind-driven wet jet machine, which is mainly composed of rotor-piston type wet jet machine, main pump motor, accelerant system, chassis walking system, boom system, etc.Hydraulic system and electrical control system constitute.This control system adopts industrial grade PLC as the core control element, carries on the remote control to the boom system and the wet jet machine system through the double wireless remote control, carries on the PID closed loop control to the wet jet machine rotor through the encoder and the proportional speed regulating valve.At the same time, the frequency converter is used to adjust the output quantity of metering pump intelligently. In the aspect of motor starting, soft starter is configured to improve the adaptability of the equipment to the field power supply.The industrial HMI is used to realize man-machine interaction, and the corresponding functions of the system are operated by sensor feedback and software programming, real-time working condition monitoring and intelligent fault judgment are realized.The equipment has been mass-produced and put into the market, and the control system has been greatly recognized by customers because of its strong environmental adaptability, simple operation, convenient fault maintenance ability and high performance-price ratio.This paper introduces the development status of wet shotcrete unit, compares the control system design of different types of spray unit, and puts forward the design scheme for PSJ control system, including the overall scheme framework, system realization function,Hardware selection and software development as well as practical engineering applications.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U455.3

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