本文選題：液化石油氣 + 罐式集裝箱��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國家經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展,危險(xiǎn)貨物的應(yīng)用已經(jīng)滲入石油化工、國防科技、科學(xué)研究的方方面面,危險(xiǎn)貨物運(yùn)輸造成的人員傷亡與財(cái)產(chǎn)損失等事故也逐漸呈現(xiàn)高發(fā)勢態(tài),其中液化氣體的泄露、罐體爆炸、火災(zāi)事故占主要的部分。本文以LPG罐式集裝箱為研究對象,對其處于高溫環(huán)境的熱響應(yīng)過程進(jìn)行模擬研究,分析熱響應(yīng)過程的主要影響因素,為運(yùn)輸企業(yè)預(yù)測、預(yù)防事故的發(fā)生、控制事故的惡化提供理論支撐。本文主要從以下幾方面進(jìn)行研究:第一,概述了國內(nèi)外罐式集裝箱熱響應(yīng)研究的主要內(nèi)容以及所取得的研究成果。列舉了罐式集裝箱的分類、運(yùn)輸安全要求,并對罐式集裝箱運(yùn)輸安全的影響因素進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析,然后把溫度、充裝量、壁厚作為主要的影響因素進(jìn)行分析。第二,建立了LPG罐式集裝箱處于高溫環(huán)境時(shí)的熱響應(yīng)物理模型與數(shù)學(xué)模型,依據(jù)質(zhì)量守恒、能量守衡方程,應(yīng)用RNGk-?湍流模型對熱響應(yīng)過程的流體流動(dòng)進(jìn)行研究;應(yīng)用VOF模型處理熱響應(yīng)中的兩相流動(dòng);把罐式集裝箱外壁與高溫環(huán)境的熱對流與熱輻射、罐內(nèi)介質(zhì)的流動(dòng)、罐內(nèi)壁與介質(zhì)的對流作為邊界條件計(jì)算,建立了LPG罐式集裝箱熱響應(yīng)的三維幾何模型,對罐式集裝箱進(jìn)行了熱響應(yīng)數(shù)值模擬。第三,采用FLUENT軟件進(jìn)行LPG罐式集裝箱的熱響應(yīng)數(shù)值模擬。在處理邊界條件的過程中改變初始高溫環(huán)境、充裝量和壁厚等條件,得到罐式集裝箱熱響應(yīng)的溫度場、壓力場、流場的熱響應(yīng)工況圖,并對模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比分析,得到不同高溫、充裝量、壁厚對最大壁溫、介質(zhì)最高溫度、罐內(nèi)最高壓力的影響規(guī)律,進(jìn)而對LPG罐式集裝箱的安全運(yùn)輸提出建議。熱響應(yīng)數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)LPG罐式集裝箱處于高溫環(huán)境中時(shí),罐內(nèi)介質(zhì)液相區(qū)和氣相區(qū)都有明顯的熱分層,而且氣相區(qū)溫度明顯高于液相區(qū)溫度,罐壁最高溫度出現(xiàn)在氣相區(qū)頂部。處于高溫環(huán)境中的LPG罐式集裝箱,罐式集裝箱的充裝率越高,罐體內(nèi)部壓力變化速度越快,與此相反罐內(nèi)介質(zhì)的溫度變化速度越慢;外界環(huán)境溫度越高,罐式集裝箱壓力、最大壁溫、內(nèi)部介質(zhì)溫度響應(yīng)速度越快,外界的高溫環(huán)境對壁溫的影響比較顯著;罐式集裝箱壁厚增加,罐內(nèi)壓力、壁溫以及內(nèi)部介質(zhì)溫度的變化速度減慢,壁厚對最大壁溫的影響可以忽略不計(jì)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economic construction, the application of dangerous goods has permeated all aspects of petrochemical industry, national defense science and technology, and scientific research. Accidents caused by dangerous goods transportation, such as casualties and property losses, have gradually assumed a high incidence.The leakage of liquefied gas, explosion of tank, fire accident is the main part.This paper takes LPG tank container as the research object, simulates the thermal response process of the container in high temperature environment, analyzes the main influencing factors of the thermal response process, predicts the transportation enterprise and prevents the accident.Control the deterioration of the accident to provide theoretical support.The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows: firstly, the main contents and achievements of the thermal response research of tank containers are summarized at home and abroad.The classification and transportation safety requirements of tank container are listed, and the influencing factors of tank container transportation safety are analyzed in detail. Then, temperature, filling quantity and wall thickness are taken as the main influencing factors.Secondly, the physical model and mathematical model of thermal response of LPG tank container in high temperature environment are established. According to mass conservation and energy conservation equation, RNGk-?The turbulent model is used to study the fluid flow in the process of thermal response, the VOF model is used to deal with the two-phase flow in the thermal response, the thermal convection and radiation in the outer wall of the tank container and the high temperature environment, the flow of the medium in the tank,The convection between the inner wall of the tank and the medium is taken as the boundary condition, and the three-dimensional geometric model of the thermal response of the LPG tank container is established, and the numerical simulation of the thermal response of the tank container is carried out.Thirdly, FLUENT software is used to simulate the thermal response of LPG tank container.By changing the initial high temperature environment, filling quantity and wall thickness in the process of dealing with boundary conditions, the temperature field, pressure field and flow field of the tank container thermal response are obtained, and the simulation results are compared and analyzed.The effects of high temperature, filling quantity and wall thickness on the maximum wall temperature, the highest temperature of the medium and the maximum pressure in the tank are obtained, and some suggestions for the safe transportation of the LPG tank container are put forward.The numerical simulation results of thermal response show that, when the LPG container is in high temperature, there are obvious thermal stratification in the liquid and gas zone of the medium in the tank, and the temperature in the gas phase is obviously higher than that in the liquid phase.The maximum temperature of the wall appears at the top of the gas phase.In the high temperature environment of LPG tank container, the higher the filling rate of the tank container is, the faster the internal pressure changes, the slower the temperature change of the medium in the tank, the higher the external temperature, the higher the pressure of the tank container.The maximum wall temperature, the faster the temperature response speed of the internal medium, the more significant the influence of the external high temperature environment on the wall temperature, the increase of the wall thickness of the tank container, the decrease of the change speed of the inside pressure, the wall temperature and the internal medium temperature,The effect of wall thickness on the maximum wall temperature is negligible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U169.3

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本文編號(hào)：1735428