本文選題：流盤實(shí)驗(yàn)　切入點(diǎn)：黏性　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：船舶作為國(guó)際貿(mào)易最重要的運(yùn)輸載體,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展起著至關(guān)重要的作用,散裝固體貨物也占據(jù)了船舶所運(yùn)輸貨物中相當(dāng)大的比例,然而近些年來(lái)船舶載運(yùn)散裝固體貨物安全事故頻發(fā)造成了巨大的損失。如何采取更有效的措施遏制事故的發(fā)生,除了在船舶航行過(guò)程中加強(qiáng)安全管理和貨物流態(tài)化監(jiān)測(cè)之外,貨物裝船前流動(dòng)水分點(diǎn)和適運(yùn)水分限的測(cè)定也相當(dāng)重要,實(shí)驗(yàn)方法的選擇、實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中誤差出現(xiàn)的原因及如何更合理有效地減小誤差以提高散裝固體貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)陌踩远际侵档醚芯康膯?wèn)題。本文針對(duì)IMSBC規(guī)則中提出的流盤實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定適運(yùn)水分極限的特點(diǎn)結(jié)合散裝固體貨物的實(shí)際檢測(cè)現(xiàn)狀,分析流盤試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中貨物流態(tài)化的影響因素,指出貨物粒度和黏性可以作為流盤試驗(yàn)適用性研究的切入點(diǎn)。從貨物粒度角度結(jié)合相關(guān)規(guī)則列舉了適用流盤試驗(yàn)的貨物種類;從黏性角度研究了貨物的黏性大小并通過(guò)搓條試驗(yàn)判斷貨物塑性大小,從而進(jìn)一步判斷貨物黏性的強(qiáng)弱,進(jìn)而列舉了流盤試驗(yàn)的黏性角度的適用對(duì)象。本文在研究了流盤適用性的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)流盤實(shí)驗(yàn)原理結(jié)合相關(guān)的誤差理論分析方法,本文逐步分析了實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中導(dǎo)致誤差產(chǎn)生的原因,并將相應(yīng)的影響因素進(jìn)行分類分析,指出流盤試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中不同類別誤差的處理措施及相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法,根據(jù)狄克松準(zhǔn)則鑒別實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的粗大誤差并予以剔除,在實(shí)驗(yàn)次數(shù)有限的基礎(chǔ)上,利用最小二乘法原理最大程度的降低隨機(jī)誤差對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的影響,以便得到更精確的適運(yùn)水分極限。從而達(dá)到從源頭上發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,杜絕貨物在運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中流態(tài)化現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生,防患于未然,同時(shí)對(duì)貨物檢驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)及相關(guān)從業(yè)人員給予理論指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:As the most important carrier of international trade, ship plays a vital role in the development of economy, and bulk solid cargo also occupies a large proportion of the cargo carried by ships. However, in recent years, the frequent accidents of ship carrying solid cargo in bulk have caused great losses. How to take more effective measures to curb the accidents, besides strengthening the safety management and cargo fluidization monitoring during the course of ship navigation, It is also very important to determine the point of flow moisture and the limit of suitable moisture before loading. The selection of experimental methods is also very important. The causes of errors in the experiment and how to reduce the errors more reasonably and effectively to improve the safety of bulk solid cargo transportation are worthy of study. This paper aims at the flow tray experiment proposed in IMSBC rules for the determination of water fit for transport. The characteristics of sub-limit combined with the actual detection status of bulk solid goods, This paper analyzes the factors affecting the fluidization of goods in the process of flow disk test, and points out that the grain size and viscosity of goods can be used as the entry point for the study of the applicability of the flow disc test. The types of goods applicable to the flow disk test are listed from the point of view of the grain size of the goods combined with the relevant rules. The viscosity of the goods is studied from the point of view of viscosity, and the plastic size of the goods is judged by the twisting strip test, so as to further judge the strength of the viscosity of the goods. Based on the research of the applicability of the flow disk, the paper combines the relative error theory analysis method with the principle of the flow disk experiment, and then enumerates the applicable objects of the viscous angle of the flow disk test. In this paper, the causes of the errors in the experiment are analyzed step by step, and the corresponding influencing factors are classified and analyzed. The processing measures of different kinds of errors and the corresponding data processing methods are pointed out. According to the Dickson criterion, the coarse errors produced in the experiment are identified and eliminated. On the basis of the limited number of experiments, the least square method is used to minimize the influence of random errors on the experimental results. In order to obtain a more accurate limit of water content, so as to find problems from the source, prevent the occurrence of fluidization of goods in the transportation process, and give theoretical guidance to the inspection agencies and related practitioners.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U695.2

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