本文選題：三維激光掃描儀　切入點(diǎn)：車身變形　出處：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,由于汽車保有量逐年增加,道路交通安全問題也更加突出。在實(shí)際交通事故勘測(cè)中,因?yàn)槭鹿尸F(xiàn)場(chǎng)容易遭到破壞等原因,造成了不能夠準(zhǔn)確的推算出車輛的碰撞瞬間速度。但是碰撞車輛車身變形在事故發(fā)生后不容易受到外界的破壞,因此,基于車身變形產(chǎn)生的塑性變形能求解碰撞瞬間車速成為常用的手段。針對(duì)上述情況,本文對(duì)手持式三維掃描儀及geomagic軟件進(jìn)行了研究,獲取碰撞車輛車身變形處的變形位移。利用Matlab軟件編寫計(jì)算車身塑性變形能的程序代碼,并且將其結(jié)果作為計(jì)算碰撞瞬間速度的參數(shù),通過VC++軟件對(duì)碰撞瞬間速度進(jìn)行了估算,并將估算的速度值與PC-Crash軟件的優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,進(jìn)而為交通事故中推算碰撞瞬間速度提供了一種方法。研究的主要內(nèi)容:(1)對(duì)手持式三維掃描儀進(jìn)行基本闡述,通過對(duì)事故車輛車身變形點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的研究,對(duì)車身變形曲面進(jìn)行處理、重新建模,利用geomagic軟件對(duì)變形前曲面進(jìn)行逆向重構(gòu),獲取車身的變形位移。并且對(duì)碰撞后車身的變形特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究,總結(jié)出掃描儀在勘測(cè)不同變形車身時(shí)不同的勘測(cè)要點(diǎn)。(2)通過對(duì)車身加載力—變形特性試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的研究,模擬了車身變形區(qū)域的變形特性。通過對(duì)試驗(yàn)采集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理和分析,基于Matlab軟件繪制各施加載荷位置的位移—加載力曲線,分析某段區(qū)間內(nèi)兩者之間的線性關(guān)系。(3)建立求解塑性變形能的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并使用編程語言編寫計(jì)算變形能數(shù)學(xué)模型的程序代碼。建立求解碰撞瞬間速度計(jì)算模型,編寫基于VC++的碰撞瞬間速度計(jì)算程序,最后結(jié)合實(shí)際交通事故實(shí)例,通過軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)碰撞瞬間速度的推算,并利用PC-Crash模擬仿真實(shí)際事故,完成碰撞瞬間速度的誤差分析。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as the number of cars has increased year by year, road traffic safety problems have become more prominent. In the actual traffic accident investigation, because the accident site is vulnerable to destruction and other reasons, However, the deformation of the body of the colliding vehicle is not easy to be destroyed by the outside world after the accident, so, Based on the plastic deformation caused by the deformation of the body, it has become a common method to calculate the vehicle speed at the moment of collision. In view of the above situation, this paper studies the handheld 3D scanner and geomagic software. The deformation displacement of the vehicle body deformation is obtained. The program code for calculating the plastic deformation energy of the vehicle body is compiled by Matlab software, and the result is taken as the parameter to calculate the instantaneous velocity of the collision. The instantaneous velocity of the collision is estimated by VC software. The estimated velocity value is compared with the optimized result of PC-Crash software, which provides a method for calculating the instantaneous velocity of collision in traffic accident. The main content of the study is: 1) the basic description of the hand-held 3D scanner is given. Through the research on the data of the deformed point cloud of the vehicle body, the deformation surface of the vehicle body is processed, the model is remodeled, and the pre-deformation surface is reconstructed by using geomagic software. To obtain the deformation displacement of the body, and to study the deformation characteristics of the body after the collision, and summarize the different survey points of the scanner in the survey of different deformed body. (2) through the research of the test data of the loading force deformation characteristic of the body, The deformation characteristics of the body deformation region are simulated. By processing and analyzing the data collected from the test, the displacement-loading force curves of each loading position are drawn based on Matlab software. By analyzing the linear relationship between the two in a certain interval, a mathematical model for solving the plastic deformation energy is established, and the program code for calculating the deformation energy mathematical model is compiled with programming language, and the calculating model for calculating the instantaneous velocity of collision is established. The program of calculating collision instantaneous velocity based on VC is written. Finally, the calculation of collision instant velocity is realized by software combined with actual traffic accident example, and the error analysis of collision instant velocity is completed by using PC-Crash to simulate the actual accident.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491.31

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本文編號(hào)：1615416