本文關(guān)鍵詞： 橋梁設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范 鋼筋混凝土 荷載及荷載組合 預(yù)應(yīng)力連續(xù)梁橋　出處：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以后,我國(guó)土木工程項(xiàng)目在海外的市場(chǎng)逐年增加,而這些項(xiàng)目所在地很多都曾經(jīng)是歐美的殖民地。所以,我們需要對(duì)中美規(guī)范進(jìn)行一定的了解。本文主要對(duì)中國(guó)、美國(guó)以及歐洲公路橋梁設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范的部分條款進(jìn)行了差異性研究。主要完成了以下內(nèi)容:(1)通過(guò)有限元軟件Midas/Civil簡(jiǎn)單的介紹了預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土連續(xù)梁橋的數(shù)值模擬的過(guò)程。(2)主要對(duì)中國(guó)、美國(guó)和歐洲三國(guó)規(guī)范中的結(jié)構(gòu)材料(包括混凝土和鋼筋)、極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)的分類和極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)的計(jì)算方法、荷載(包括車輛荷載、人群荷載、溫度荷載和風(fēng)荷載)及荷載組合的相關(guān)規(guī)定進(jìn)行了分析研究。主要結(jié)論如下:對(duì)于混凝土強(qiáng)度等級(jí),中國(guó)規(guī)范、美國(guó)規(guī)范和歐洲規(guī)范的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)存在較大的差異。對(duì)于強(qiáng)度的設(shè)計(jì)值,雖然中國(guó)和歐洲規(guī)范規(guī)定都采用了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值與混凝土材料分項(xiàng)系數(shù)之商;歐洲規(guī)范與中國(guó)規(guī)范相似都將極限狀態(tài)分為兩類,但是美國(guó)規(guī)范卻將極限狀態(tài)分為了四類;美國(guó)規(guī)范與中國(guó)規(guī)范相似都采用了車輛荷載及車道荷載模式,而歐洲規(guī)范中車輛荷載分為了四種模式;對(duì)于溫度荷載,中國(guó)、美國(guó)與歐洲規(guī)范都將其分為均勻溫度荷載作用和溫度梯度荷載作用,是否考慮溫度基數(shù)取值和梁底溫差是它們的主要區(qū)別;對(duì)于風(fēng)荷載,雖然中、歐兩國(guó)規(guī)范對(duì)風(fēng)荷載的計(jì)算公式都為:風(fēng)壓?面積?系數(shù),但是它們之間也存在差異性,其差異性主要在于:中國(guó)規(guī)范的計(jì)算面積是按照實(shí)際尺寸考慮的,同時(shí)考慮了設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)速重現(xiàn)期換算系數(shù)、風(fēng)載阻力系數(shù)和地形、地理?xiàng)l件系數(shù);而歐洲規(guī)范的計(jì)算面積是按照X,Y,Z三個(gè)方向的截面面積考慮的,同時(shí)考慮了暴露系數(shù)和截面系數(shù);美國(guó)規(guī)范的基本風(fēng)壓考慮了風(fēng)以不同角度作用在結(jié)構(gòu)上這種情況,而中國(guó)規(guī)范僅考慮的水平風(fēng)壓;美國(guó)規(guī)范的相關(guān)計(jì)算公式主要根據(jù)實(shí)際環(huán)境水文情況來(lái)計(jì)算橋梁受到的風(fēng)壓,更科學(xué);中國(guó)規(guī)范結(jié)合了多年觀測(cè)的水文地質(zhì)資料,經(jīng)驗(yàn)性較強(qiáng);對(duì)于荷載分項(xiàng)系數(shù),中國(guó)規(guī)范處于較低的水平。(3)本文運(yùn)用有限元軟件Midas/Civil建立了有限元分析模型,分別按照各國(guó)規(guī)范進(jìn)行荷載加載與荷載組合,然后對(duì)單項(xiàng)荷載作用下以及不同荷載組合作用下的荷載效應(yīng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,最后再得出結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the overseas market of civil engineering projects in China has increased year by year, and many of these projects were once colonies of Europe and the United States. Therefore, we need to have a certain understanding of the norms between China and the United States. The differences of some articles in the design code of highway bridges in the United States and Europe have been studied. The following contents have been completed: 1) the process of numerical simulation of prestressed concrete continuous beam bridges has been briefly introduced by the finite element software Midas/Civil) and the process of numerical simulation of prestressed concrete continuous beam bridges has been introduced mainly in China. Structural materials (including concrete and steel bars) in the codes of the United States and Europe, classification of limit state design and calculation methods of limit state design, loads (including vehicle loads, crowd loads, The relevant regulations of temperature load and wind load) and load combination are analyzed and studied. The main conclusions are as follows: for concrete strength grade, Chinese code, There is a great difference between the American code and the European standard. For the design value of strength, both Chinese and European codes adopt the quotient between the standard value and the subdivision coefficient of concrete material. Similar to the Chinese code, the European code divides the limit state into two categories, but the American code divides the limit state into four categories. In the European Code, the vehicle load is divided into four modes. For the temperature load, the Chinese, American and European codes divide it into uniform temperature load and temperature gradient load. Are the main differences between the temperature base and the temperature difference at the bottom of the beam taken into account; for wind loads, though the formulas for wind loads in the European and Chinese codes are: wind pressure? Area? But there are also differences between them. The difference lies in the fact that the calculated area of Chinese code is considered according to the actual size, and the conversion factor of design wind speed recurrence period, wind load resistance coefficient and topography are also taken into account. The calculated area of the European Code is considered according to the cross section area in the three directions of XY Z, and the exposure coefficient and the cross section coefficient are taken into account at the same time. The basic wind pressure of the United States Code takes into account the fact that the wind acts on the structure at different angles, while the Chinese Code only considers the horizontal wind pressure; the relevant calculation formulas of the United States Code are mainly based on the actual environmental and hydrological conditions to calculate the wind pressure on the bridge. More scientific; the Chinese code combines the hydrogeological data observed for many years and has strong experience; for the load sub-coefficient, the Chinese code is at a lower level.) in this paper, the finite element analysis model is established by using the finite element software Midas/Civil. The load loading and load combination are carried out according to the codes of different countries respectively. Then the load effect under single load and different load combination is compared and analyzed. Finally, the conclusion is drawn.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U442

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本文編號(hào)：1543096