本文關(guān)鍵詞： 山區(qū)高速公路路基 眼動試驗 視覺適宜 環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：高速公路路基與沿線環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)有助于提高高速公路的視覺效果,在保證路基安全穩(wěn)定的同時,能夠增進駕乘人員的視覺愉悅性,從而提高行車過程的舒適性。首先,根據(jù)山區(qū)高速公路路基型式的設(shè)計特征,分析路基環(huán)境對駕駛員可能的視覺影響,利用Smart Eye Pro眼動儀,開展特征路段駕駛員的眼動試驗。其次,采用視野平面法,劃分駕駛員行車注視區(qū)域,根據(jù)相關(guān)文獻以及實際路況,確定不同區(qū)域的注視對象;以駕駛員的注視頻次、注視角度、注視時間等眼動參數(shù)為評價指標,分析其眼動變化特征,并運用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計、回歸分析等方法,確定了駕駛員的注視敏感區(qū)域;進一步分析不同區(qū)域注視對象的分布特征,確定路基邊坡防護形式、跨線橋等山區(qū)高速公路路基環(huán)境視覺敏感對象�；谝曈X震蕩理論與道路空間圍合度理論,對山區(qū)高速公路路基環(huán)境過渡特征路段開展視覺適宜性分析,提出了視覺敏感性、視覺適應(yīng)性評價指標,確定了相應(yīng)的評價標準。然后,基于駕駛員眼動變化規(guī)律的分析結(jié)果,按照視覺資源環(huán)境系統(tǒng)的評價程序,確定山區(qū)高速公路視覺環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)評價指標;協(xié)同考慮公路當?shù)氐牡匦�、地貌與自然環(huán)境等生態(tài)環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)指標,建立山區(qū)高速公路路基環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)評價指標體系。在物元理論的基礎(chǔ)上,依據(jù)加權(quán)平均原則,確定山區(qū)高速公路路基環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)評價方法。最后,基于駕駛員的視覺震蕩理論與視覺連續(xù)性理論,提出山區(qū)高速公路路塹邊坡的識別距離,采用三次樣條曲線插值擬合駕駛員豎直向的視覺連續(xù)曲線,運用圓弧曲線擬合駕駛員橫向視距的圓滑曲線,根據(jù)道路空間感理論,提出路側(cè)植被景觀的合理間距。協(xié)同考慮路側(cè)植被的豎直高度以及道路橫向、縱向的間距,結(jié)合高速公路的路基寬度與邊坡高度,確定不同車道數(shù)的山區(qū)高速公路視線誘導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)物的布置形式,并選取適宜的路側(cè)景觀設(shè)計方案,以自然誘導(dǎo)駕駛員的視線。通過開展山區(qū)高速公路路基邊坡協(xié)調(diào)設(shè)計仿真實驗,分析試驗人員視點的變化規(guī)律,以檢驗協(xié)調(diào)技術(shù)的有效性。
[Abstract]:The coordination of highway subgrade and environment along the highway can help to improve the visual effect of expressway, ensure the safety and stability of roadbed, at the same time, can enhance the visual pleasure of drivers, thus improve the comfort of driving process. First of all, According to the design characteristics of roadbed type of highway in mountainous area, the possible visual influence of roadbed environment on driver is analyzed, and the eye movement test of driver in characteristic section is carried out by using Smart Eye Pro eye movement instrument. Secondly, the visual field plane method is adopted. According to the relevant literature and the actual road conditions, the gaze objects of different areas are determined, and the eye movement characteristics of the drivers are analyzed with the eye movement parameters such as fixation frequency, fixation angle, fixation time and other parameters as the evaluation index. Using the methods of mathematical statistics and regression analysis, the authors determine the sensitive area of the driver's gaze, further analyze the distribution characteristics of the watching objects in different areas, and determine the protection form of the roadbed slope. Based on the theory of visual concussion and the theory of road space encirclement, the visual suitability of the transition section of highway subgrade environment in mountainous area is analyzed, and the visual sensitivity is put forward. Then, based on the analysis results of driver's eye movement change law, according to the evaluation procedure of visual resource and environment system, the evaluation index of visual environment coordination of mountain highway is determined. Considering the coordination indexes of local terrain, landform and natural environment, this paper establishes the evaluation index system of highway subgrade environment coordination in mountainous area. Based on the matter element theory, according to the weighted average principle, the evaluation index system of highway subgrade environment coordination is established. Finally, based on the driver's visual shock theory and visual continuity theory, the recognition distance of highway cutting slope in mountainous area is proposed. The cubic spline curve is used to fit the vertical visual continuous curve of the driver, and the circular arc curve is used to fit the smooth curve of the driver's transverse visual distance. The reasonable spacing of the roadside vegetation landscape is put forward. The vertical height of the roadside vegetation and the horizontal and longitudinal spacing of the road are taken into account, and the width of the roadbed and the height of the slope are combined with each other. The layout form of line-of-sight inducing structure of mountainous expressway with different number of lanes is determined, and the suitable landscape design scheme of roadway is selected to induce the driver's line of sight naturally. The simulation experiment of coordinated design of roadbed slope in mountainous area is carried out. To test the effectiveness of the coordination technique, analyze the change rule of the tester's viewpoint.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U416.1

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本文編號：1531121