本文關(guān)鍵詞： 安全狀態(tài)評估 損傷識別 影響效應(yīng) 協(xié)整 多變量控制圖　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：大型橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測通過實時獲取結(jié)構(gòu)的劣化狀況和及時預(yù)警,能降低橋梁的維護費用以及防止垮塌等突然性事故,已成為當(dāng)今土木工程學(xué)科的研究前沿。運營狀態(tài)下橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的響應(yīng)受到環(huán)境溫度、荷載等作用的影響,直接采用監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)較難發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷;同時因大型橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)十分復(fù)雜,有限元模型的理論計算結(jié)果無法與實橋監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)相符,導(dǎo)致基于恒定環(huán)境和有限元模型的安全狀態(tài)評估很難應(yīng)用于大型實際橋梁。本文根據(jù)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)在溫度、荷載作用下各測點的應(yīng)變、位移響應(yīng)具有共同變化趨勢的特點,基于協(xié)整理論建立影響效應(yīng)的分離算法;根據(jù)損傷前后結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)的統(tǒng)計量將發(fā)生改變的特點,采用多變量控制圖來識別結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷,避免了復(fù)雜的有限元建模以及理論計算與實橋測試不符的缺點,為健康監(jiān)測在大型橋梁中的實際應(yīng)用提供方法支撐。論文的主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:①通過對大型橋梁中主要荷載作用類型的分析,將各種作用簡化為集中荷載、均布荷載和溫度荷載共三種作用�；诮Y(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)原理,推導(dǎo)三種作用下簡支梁模型不同測點之間的撓度變化規(guī)律,結(jié)果表明在相同作用下,結(jié)構(gòu)各點撓度之間呈線性變化趨勢;②將結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)的長期監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)組成時間序列數(shù)據(jù),采用Johansen方法確定數(shù)據(jù)的協(xié)整模型,通過模型計算的協(xié)整余量數(shù)據(jù)表示剔除影響效應(yīng)后的結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù),從而基于協(xié)整理論建立影響效應(yīng)的分離方法。數(shù)值算例和有限元模型算例表明,該方法能有效分離溫度、車輛荷載等影響效應(yīng);③通過對控制圖中平均運行鏈長、均值變化量、平滑參數(shù)和控制線等參數(shù)取值的優(yōu)化分析,采用協(xié)整余量數(shù)據(jù)建立基于多變量控制圖的橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)安全狀態(tài)評估方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過對協(xié)整計算所包含傳感器通道的取舍,提出單處和多處損傷部位的判斷算法。數(shù)值算例和有限元模型算例的結(jié)果表明多變量控制圖能識別結(jié)構(gòu)單處及多處出現(xiàn)的損傷;④將影響效應(yīng)分離方法和多變量控制圖方法應(yīng)用于某連續(xù)剛構(gòu)橋中,通過長期監(jiān)測的撓度、應(yīng)變和溫度數(shù)據(jù)對橋梁的安全狀態(tài)進行評價,評價結(jié)果與人工檢測結(jié)果一致,表明本文方法能成功應(yīng)用于大型橋梁的結(jié)構(gòu)安全狀態(tài)評估。
[Abstract]:The health monitoring of large bridge structures can reduce the maintenance cost of bridges and prevent sudden accidents such as collapse by obtaining the deterioration condition and timely warning of the structures in real time. The response of bridge structure is affected by the environmental temperature and load, so it is difficult to find the damage of the bridge structure directly by using monitoring data, at the same time, because of the complexity of the large bridge structure, it is difficult to find the damage of the bridge structure directly by the monitoring data. The theoretical calculation results of the finite element model can not agree with the monitoring data of the real bridge, so it is difficult to apply the safety state evaluation based on the constant environment and the finite element model to the large practical bridge. The strain and displacement response of each measuring point under load has the characteristics of common changing trend. Based on the co-arrangement theory, the separation algorithm of influence effect is established, and according to the characteristic that the statistics of structural response before and after damage will change, The multivariable control chart is used to identify the damage of the structure, which avoids the disadvantages of complicated finite element modeling and theoretical calculation that does not agree with the actual bridge test. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1. Through the analysis of the main load types in the large bridges, the functions are reduced to concentrated loads. Based on the principle of structural mechanics, the deflection variation law of simply supported beam model between different measuring points under three kinds of action is deduced. The results show that under the same action, The deflection of each point of the structure shows a linear change trend. The long-term monitoring data of the structural response are composed of time series data, and the cointegration model of the data is determined by Johansen method. The cointegration residual data calculated by the model represent the structural response data after the influence effect is excluded, and then the separation method of the influence effect is established based on the co-finishing theory. Numerical examples and finite element model examples show that the method can effectively separate the temperature. Through the optimization analysis of the average running chain length, mean variation, smoothing parameters and control line parameters in the control chart, the effects of vehicle load and so on are analyzed. Using cointegration allowance data to establish the bridge structure safety state evaluation method based on multivariable control chart. On the basis of this, the selection and selection of the sensor channel included in the cointegration calculation are made. The results of numerical examples and finite element model examples show that the multivariable control chart can identify the single and multiple damage sites of the structure, which will affect the separation of effects and multivariable control. The method of drawing is applied to a continuous rigid frame bridge. The safety state of the bridge is evaluated by the deflection, strain and temperature data of long-term monitoring. The evaluation results are consistent with those of the manual test, which indicates that the proposed method can be successfully applied to the structural safety state assessment of large bridges.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U446

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本文編號：1528030