本文關(guān)鍵詞： 路網(wǎng)承載力 自組織理論 耗散結(jié)構(gòu)理論 交通擁堵判斷指標(biāo) VISSIM　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)保有量的增加,城市交通擁堵逐漸發(fā)展成為制約現(xiàn)代化城市發(fā)展的主要問(wèn)題。當(dāng)城市道路中的車(chē)輛增加到一定的數(shù)量,會(huì)表現(xiàn)出自組織臨界性,此時(shí)微小的擾動(dòng)都可能引起路網(wǎng)大面積擁堵的發(fā)生。通過(guò)對(duì)路網(wǎng)承載力的研究,在路網(wǎng)達(dá)到自組織臨界狀態(tài)前采取適當(dāng)?shù)墓芸卮胧┐蚱七@種狀態(tài),可以在一定程度上避免路網(wǎng)擁堵的發(fā)生。但是城市道路結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,影響因素眾多,加之成熟的路網(wǎng)承載力研究理論和方法相對(duì)較少,為路網(wǎng)承載力研究帶來(lái)一定的困難。針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文結(jié)合城市道路交通運(yùn)行特點(diǎn),利用自組織理論提出一種研究路網(wǎng)承載力的新方法,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： (1)根據(jù)路網(wǎng)中道路的不同屬性,借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外判斷交通擁堵的方法,結(jié)合北京市城市道路路段的實(shí)際調(diào)查情況,分別給出了快速路和城市道路路段交通相的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合城市快速路和城市道路路段車(chē)道長(zhǎng)度的比例,給出了路網(wǎng)交通狀態(tài)的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以此作為交通擁堵的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),然后依據(jù)交通狀態(tài)的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)給出了路網(wǎng)承載力的定義和數(shù)學(xué)表征。 (2)根據(jù)城市路網(wǎng)的特點(diǎn),結(jié)合道路等級(jí)和路網(wǎng)布局、交通管控等影響因素,構(gòu)建了城市快速路和城市道路路段的承載力耗散結(jié)構(gòu)模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上,考慮路網(wǎng)中各路段之間的相互關(guān)系,構(gòu)建了路網(wǎng)耗散結(jié)構(gòu)模型,用以模擬城市路網(wǎng)中車(chē)輛的運(yùn)行、判斷路網(wǎng)的擁堵?tīng)顟B(tài)以及求解路網(wǎng)承載力。 (3)利用路網(wǎng)耗散結(jié)構(gòu)模型進(jìn)行路網(wǎng)承載力的測(cè)算研究,通過(guò)VISSIM仿真軟件進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)路網(wǎng)仿真,通過(guò)對(duì)比兩種模型得到的結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了路網(wǎng)耗散結(jié)構(gòu)模型研究路網(wǎng)承載力的可用性。 (4)改變影響路網(wǎng)承載力的輸入交通量和道路結(jié)構(gòu)等因素的參數(shù),利用VISSIM進(jìn)行路網(wǎng)仿真,并將仿真結(jié)果與參數(shù)變化前的結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,以期為交通管理部門(mén)采取措施提高路網(wǎng)承載力提供參考。
[Abstract]:With the increase of the quantity of the motor vehicle , the urban traffic jam gradually becomes the main problem which restricts the development of the modern city . When the vehicle in the urban road is increased to a certain quantity , it can cause the large - area congestion of the road network . In view of the above problems , the research on the bearing capacity of the road network can be avoided . In view of the above problems , this paper puts forward a new method for studying the bearing capacity of the road network in combination with the characteristics of urban road traffic operation . ( 1 ) According to different attributes of the road in the road network , and using the method of judging traffic congestion at home and abroad , combining with the actual investigation of urban road sections in Beijing , this paper gives the criterion of the traffic state of the road network based on the proportion of the length of the traffic lane of the urban expressway and the urban road section , and gives the definition and mathematical representation of the road network bearing capacity according to the traffic state judging standard . ( 2 ) Based on the characteristics of urban road network , combining the influence factors such as road grade and road network layout , traffic control and so on , the paper constructs a model of capacity dissipation structure of urban expressway and urban road section . Based on this , a model of road network dissipation structure is constructed , which is used to simulate the operation of vehicle in urban road network , to judge the congestion state of road network and to solve the road network bearing capacity . ( 3 ) Using the road network dissipation structure model to calculate the carrying capacity of the road network , through the VISSIM simulation software , the experimental road network simulation is carried out , and the results obtained by the two models are compared , and the road network dissipation structure model is verified to study the usability of the road network bearing capacity . ( 4 ) To change the parameters of input traffic and road structure which affect the bearing capacity of the road network , make use of VISSIM for road network simulation , and compare the simulation result with the result before the parameter change , in order to provide reference for the traffic management department to take measures to improve the road network bearing capacity .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491

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